Table Of ContentWilaln Pdo lcliaL tgeiiitmacy
-·<Hg.·-
Wilaln dP olitiLceagli timacy
A CritiEcxaplo sition
ofS ociCaoln traTchte ory
inH obbeLso,c kReo,u sseau,
Kanta,n dH egel
Patrick Riley
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HarvarUdn iverys Pirtess
CambridMgaes,s achusetts
andL ondoEnn,g la1n8d9 2
Copyri©g Nsht2 byt hPer seideanntdF ellows
ofH arvaCrodl lege
Alrilg htrse served
Prinitnet dh eU nitSetda toefAs m erica
LibraCryong roefCs ast alionPg uibnlagiot cniD ata
RileyP,a tri1c9k4,1 -
Wilaln dp olitliecgailt imacy.
Inclubdiebsl iogrraepfheirceaannlcd ie nsd e'
1.S ocicaoln tract-.H iIs.tT oirt.yl e
JC3.3R653 32.l0' l 821-305
ISB0N- 697543-61-9 AACR2
InM emoriam
David RinLn.e
1491-1976
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Preface
Lis
BOOKi sm eanttob ea c riteixcpaols oifta indco onm meyn tar
ont he work omf ostethm eie nntfm oemubre rosft hseo cial
cnotrtarcatd iitntie ho sne venht aeneden itghteceenntthu ries
Hobsb,eL cokeR,o ussaenaduK a,n tT.o t his haasd dbeaed e n
sutdyo fH egle'ast tedm p"tceancealnidpn rge vsienrgo"ft he
phisloophifconaudla tioofn stt hriaisdo .inT thep urpoosfte ih s
booikts h ubso thhio srtiacnapdlh ilpohsi:oci iathsl i srtiocianolsf ar
asa ne fforhta sb eemna ed to retnhdeue nfrlo dionfgt he
cornatctatarrdiiatnai ccounr atbeuiltty p ;ri isrm iaplhyi losophical
inauscmha st hem aisnt reissps l eadco nt hea nalyasnids
evaluaotfci ooennpct -swilvlo,l urnitsnasec,o nsecnottnr,a ct
thaatls lo cial tchoenotrriianasc ntthys i ,s itcoparelr isoede,tm o
us.eI f gterhaet sertssetsh afsla loenn wainlvdlo nltuarsistn,he at
ibse csaetu hocsoen ceaprttehs be e sgtu idtehsr otuhguehn fold
inogf ttarhdeii ot.Hn obsba,ef taelurlr ,g tehs"a wti .l.lmsa.k teh e
essceeon fa lclo venaanntdtsh "a te i ts"h neoorb ligoanta inoyn
manw hicahr isneotfthr osmo maec otfh iosw n"L;co ket,h at
"voluyna tgarreegmievn.et.ps o .il cipatolw etrog overfnootrrh se
benfeiotf t hesiurjeb ctsR"o;u ssetahua",tt hgee newriallil s
alwargyihst K"a;n tth,aa m ta turraet,i poenoapcllo eun ledv weirl l
thec ontineuxeidse t oefns cucahn i nstitaust miueonrni ted
heerdiyt raarnekv;e Hne getlh,a" tim no detrinm ewse"" make
cliamsf"ro p irvajtuemd egnatn dp rivwaitnlegl Si.o cietr tainly
seemrse asbolnteao v ieswco iaclor natctetho rya sa foromf
poilcivatoll uinstmaa,sra p oiltiecxparle ssoifag o enn eral human
capiatfcyo frr eaeg en.c y
Att hsea em tiem,i itst haem biigeuasin tcdo tnardictiinto hnes
Preface
viii
concoefwp itl l-ftahtceht a wti lvl ieiwsse odem timaesas m oral
cauosfiem p utambolreea ffle catnssd o metaismam e esr ea peptite
ord ers-eithalte atdos omoef t hmea idni fficiuncl otnitreasc
tarianmi.sA tl eaHsotbe b,sL ockReo,u ssKeaanuat,n, Hd e gdeela l
straifgrwohatrdalnydf ulwliyt h rtehleao tifwo inlt oll geitimacy
adn obltiigodanep;si ttehr ee naisosfca onncteri aacntiiasntrm h e
last tyweeanrtthsyme, o rree cecnnott rtahceto driosn tosdt o a s
welwli twhil aldn voluntsasTri.hn eeirseh, o wevaec ro,n tinuing
usoefa ni mplivcoiltu nteavreiinsnt m h ocsoen tractthaeiroeirsa n
thastav ye ry litwtililenli traseb loautttopi oolni ltiecgailt .i macy
Now, moingeth hti inrtka sihnu, n derstcaonrndatitcnhtge ory
asaf oromfp olitical vtootl rutynoe t xaprlciaosinmnt, r ancitsamr ia
throtuhgneho tioofvn o laurnaytc otnoi fo ens'o wnt;h siese tmso
rsike xplatihnoeip nagq buyte h seti mlolr oepa qu.Ae ftaelrtl h,e
notioonfv oluyna tcatiroonfo nseo 'wni ssu fficpireonbtlleym at
icawli thoduetpy lionigta sa meanosfs heddliinggoh nta
formidpaoblliett ircadailct oimopnr ifsiignugar sed si ffearse nt
Hobsb eadn KanIt.n detehdne,o tioonfv olunnteasarisl one
proviedneosum gathe rifaoalrs ubstvaonltuiamasels , ie sece nlar ly
inJ .L .A ustisnu'bstp liee "cAeP lefao Erx ucsse,w"i tiht s
infei gnridatatiooffn i nsehlay ddesidt insc-tbieotwneuenniw ll
ingalnydi novlnutarfoirel xya,lm epO.n em ighrte asontahbilnyk
thahte w oudl dob ettetroc onef hiinmsteolt efh notioofn
voluinentsaosrr,a tl eatsott h eoorfhi uems aanc t,ia onnndo rti sk
treattiehns gu ebcjotfw hasto ccioanlt trhaecyoat rp petaobr esa: n
intersoefac t thieoyoon rf f reaec tiwointa ht heoorfpy o liitni cs
whicwhi lilst reda ats"e cauasnedl" e gitpiomlaitotedri ecraa sl
"ef.fe"Hc otwevrears ihtm ayb et o bgeyoo ntdh jeu idcious
caiuotusnoefas nAs u stin (obneliyynro anndg e, cneortt aiinn ly
deptihit) si nepsacbatlhyce a steh atthc ee ntral csoonccieaplt in
conttrhaecyoit rws i llA.tl eatshtii,sss o w heonn ber atcsok ueotf
contriaacntisasormma ec cpoanmyidnogc trinaernseo ttth heamt
selpvuerse cloyn tracstuacarhsni aatnu,lr aaawln nda turriaglh ts
in Locek'cso mplceotneco efpp otl iritighctaT.lh eirse dnoou bting
ord enyitnhsgeu byt olfer tecewnotro kn n otiosnusc ahsw ill,
intenfrtieeoa nc,ti orne,a saonncdsua seasn,td h lei kiena,t t empts
to luipvn okl aurnaytc twiiotnrih g htpfoluilt tihcalsti; n kwaagse
madaen di nsiosntb eytd h ger aetc otnraicatnawsrh,oe s thought
woulbdei mpvoerisheidofe n fialetode xaem itnhaed euqacoyf
thliisan gk.eA ndi,nt heen do,n cea fni ncdo onlsatiinto hnfe a ct
tahtc ontriaacmnt iiassar p oiltiocutaglr owatp ho,il cieatxlp res
sioonfa,m ore getnheerooaryfhl u mafnr aecet ioonnte,h gaitv es
Praecfe ix
contriraancitsdame ptahn dw hoelnessI.f ciotensntc iowni th
voluinstcmaa russeosmo efi tpsr oebmsli,it ts h satae mc oenntcion
thahetl ptso g ivieta satyiisncfgo mepetlness.
A woradb otuhtse e nisnwe h icthhb ioso iksa h isitcoarl study
mayb ew arread.nE tveinfi ti es xtragvaantt htioon fka ltleh
memebsro fte hG reTarta diftriooPmnl ,at toRo a wlassc,e o xiisntg
ancdo envsrinigna ti meelssn unsactn ismt,i gtsh itlbelt haetr e th
aer perenni,at lhoungohtt i elmsesq,eu stiionnp sh ilostohpahty
setcrtho evrt iem.S ien cPloa'tEsut hyrpofh,o erxa mpel,t eh
qeutsioonfw heetrht hee arer a"neyrt enavle rsi"tt iheate evnno t
diviwniel la lcthaeanrrs ec urerdi ene vyra ego fp hilos:i onpe h tyh
sevenetenthcen turyf,o irsn taen,Dc escaritnesesid ts htaGto d
woulbden eitehrce ratonro orm niepntoi tfA weren ecesasrily
equatlo A ,o ri fte h godo weren ecessargioloybd u;h te w as
criztdei bcyit eh neo-PlaLteionbnzii asntdMs a elbranec,wh ho
aregudt hacetrat ioonu ght mneoatna rtboi twrialrleyfss uw,li nth
Leibnaizd idntgh astt partro ta iovnloeua nsit s" htem ottoofa
tyr.a"Ann td cena tulreaytr K anrtes uertcerdte h saem proebmsl
nearte he nd oft hCer itoifPq ueurR ee ans,so idimnoegr ,o rl ses,
witLhei bzn.i
Thisi sa ne xampe lofa p erennsiepaucllt aei vdebataen,do n e
thacta n ianndde meuds bte c aerdroi n abbys traacs tiienn ggl
therad-heret eh tensiobent ewen always-bheeanva inndg -
comiintngoe--nibg-frtoehm c onetcerw hoenless Polfa tonism,
CaeristaniosrKm a,n ntiisa.Tm ob es uer,De scea,rsa tsaC hristian,
worraibeodcu ertat ioinna w ayt haPtl adtiond o tt:hT ei maiesu s
lsesa gietdta htatenhR esnpstoeto h SexiO bcjteiboencsas uaslev ation
isn ota ts tea.kB uti nl ookinagta perenniaqlu estoieno n
(edisgendlym)i niemsi zthhiesi tcoparalr tiiecusol fPa lraittonism
anCda eristanipsrmee cylii sno rdteosr et crtha s ufficiaebnsttlrya ct
notiooevnrt iem ands pea.cO nel oesss oemhtintgo, sbuer e
(thooutghhwe irrlsetl r eii etvb)u;ot n gea ianc eslar v eiwo ft hfea ct
thatthe e arer permaneanntdr ecurqreuitsnoign isn p hilosophy,
eevni rfe curei rensen vecrs imepr lecualptiaiont.T ob ringt hoiust
oenh eitgewhnhsa itgs en eraaln pder enniaolns;eu boredswih naatt
isp atrilcauarn dt iem bou.n d
Sot oion p olittihcohautlgS. i nPcleoa 'tCsr iittho a sbe ena
permanqeuentsotin ewhthetrh leei gtiymo afgc overnamnetdnh te
resposnibisol fic tieitneisdz eepndo ns oemf reheu maanc tion, for
examptlheve o luyna tceacrptanocfbe e eniftssu cahss e curaintdy
educatioenn,o enw choulhda vdee pead.rT tos ayt hatth is
x Preface
questvieorybn r,o acdolnyc de,ai pvpeeairnCs r iatnod tthweenn ty
cenetuslr aiteLro ceik'Snse cTorntedsia ea,n tdh eang aiinMn i chael
Walez'rOsb lgaiotniisqs,u ittureeT .ob es uriedt,o enso atp peianr
exacttlhye sfaomr:Lem o chkaead h ighdleyv elnoopteiodof tn h e
morsailg nnicfoeif "c vaolaurnaytge rementw,h"i le hPalndao tto.
FurtmhoerrCer,i itasor guaabnloym alionP ulosa' twsh oploel itical
corsp,su inhceeu sualslteyrs stehsre u loeft hwei srea trht ehan
agerementL.o ckbeyc, o ntrmausstt, atpopv eoalluy n atgarree
ments,i nfcoehr i m alale re mqeunaa nld t heirsne o n atural
autho.Tr hieet sydiffeerncceasn nboeet x plawiintehdso oumte
hiosritcraefle nrceteoC hrisyts'ei aqunailotift ysa olublle sf ore God
andi tisd etah aitnS, t A.u gsutei'npsh ra"sceo,n smeunstbt"e
"vonltua.rT"yhe notiolne aovhfii nosgrtu yt teoruoltfya ccount is
absubrudot;n cea antl esath opteof ni dw haMti chOaaeekls hott
cal"lhtseu nievsraplr edicaimnet nhte"" l ocaanldt rnasiyt or
misec.fh"i
Phoislopihsny o tti meessl,b uwti thtiinmt eh eirsse u fficient
contiannurdiec tuyr reet noc sopfep aekr enqnuiseiaotln sa,n tdh e
soccioanlt irsa cootftn heeo q sueisnotsI.tc se ntcroanlci etsroa n s k
why pollietgiicytaa inlmpd a olcitoibclailg sahtoiuoblnevd i ewed
ast hveo laurncytr eaotfie oqnum aolr aagle .nT thsaqtu estoiro n,
atl eatseh tb aer beginnoifin tgh, a bse ewni tuhss inCcrei btuot;
thmeo sstt riskeiotnfa g n srwswea sp rovibdye dtg hreea agtoe f
scoicaoln trteahorcytw, h icflhuo risbheetdw epeunb licoaft ion
Hobeb'ssL eavhtia(n1 561a)n dK ants'M eathpyisclEa letmseo fn
/ucse(t71 9i7).
Ino rdteoar p rpecicaotrneat citaanriassams tsierlilo duosc trine
anndo atsa m erea ccompantiotm hereni otsf et hbeo urgeioti sie,
seemsri ghttot e ratp reciHsoebelbsya ndK antto,g etwhietrh
Loec kandR ousesa.uO fc ourtshee,ir sse o mheitnignQ uentin
Skien'rnsi nisstetnhcaiett i sh artdo c latiomh avaec hieved
"hiosritcuanled srtanngd"oi fa" perioidwf"e c otnniue" tfoo cus
ourm aianet tntioonn t howsheo d isecudts hsep robloefm s
politicaatall elvoiefafl be s traacntidin otne lluingmeantcceh ed by
anoyft e hric ontoermaepr.siB"u etv eSnk inhniemrs iefslo frd ct eo
draawd istinctio"ncsl scbati eetxwatensemd"ne r"ei odleosg,i"e
finalallyl owtihtnahgtme a irnae sofno" rf ocusitnhsget" u oodfny
iedoloegisits h "ahtti wso udle nabulste or etutrotne hc lsastiecx ts
tehmselvewsi tah c leaprreors poefuc ntd setrandtihne.gm"
Perhpasj ewedloss h imnoer ber igihtnal s yet tinogfp astaes,
somteh eolohgaiviaemn asg itnheadtb ltehses eodftn heeesl sei cst
heiegnehdtb yt hmei sye orft hdea mnebdu;St k inner himself
