Whose Rights?: Counterterrorism and the Dark Side of American Public Opinion

202 Pages·2013·2.601 MB·English

by  Clem Brooks, Jeff Manza

W h o s e R i g h t s ?
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W h o s e R i g h t s ?
CouNteRteRRoRiSm aNd the daRk
Side oF ameRiCaN PubliC oPiNioN
Clem brooks and Jeff manza
Russell Sage Foundation • New York
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The Russell Sage Foundation
the Russell Sage Foundation, one of the oldest of america’s general purpose
foundations, was established in 1907 by mrs. margaret olivia Sage for “the im-
provement of social and living conditions in the united States.” the Founda-
tion seeks to fulfill this mandate by fostering the development and dissemina-
tion of knowledge about the country’s political, social, and economic problems.
While the Foundation endeavors to assure the accuracy and objectivity of each
book it publishes, the conclusions and interpretations in Russell Sage Founda-
tion publications are those of the authors and not of the Foundation, its trus-
tees, or its staff. Publication by Russell Sage, therefore, does not imply Founda-
tion endorsement.
boaRd oF tRuSteeS
Robert e. denham, esq., Chair
kenneth d. brody lawrence F. katz Claude m. Steele
karen S. Cook Nicholas lemann Shelley e. taylor
W. bowman Cutter iii Sara S. mclanahan Richard h. thaler
John a. Ferejohn Nancy l. Rosenblum eric Wanner
library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication data
brooks, Clem.
Whose rights? : counterterrorism and the dark side of american public
opinion / Clem brooks and Jeff manza.
pages cm
includes bibliographical references and index.
iSbN 978-0-87154-058-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. terrorism—united States—
Prevention. 2. Public opinion--united States. i. manza, Jeff. ii. title.
hV6432.b76 2013
363.325’170973--dc23 2012032508
Copyright © 2013 by the Russell Sage Foundation. all rights reserved. Printed
in the united States of america. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the
prior written permission of the publisher.
Reproduction by the united States Government in whole or in part is permitted
for any purpose.
the paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
american National Standard for information Sciences-Permanence of Paper for
Printed library materials. aNSi Z39.48-1992.
text design by Suzanne Nichols.
RuSSell SaGe FouNdatioN
112 east 64th Street, New York, New York 10065
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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Contents
list of Figures and tables vii
about the authors ix
Preface xi
acknowledgments xiii
introduction 1
Chapter 1 From Rights Revolution to
War on terror 15
Chapter 2 the Puzzle of Counterterrorism
Policy attitudes 43
Chapter 3 a Critical era? 62
Chapter 4 threat Priming and National
identity targets 84
Chapter 5 Who is “us”? 108
Chapter 6 Policy Feedback? 126
Conclusion 144
Notes 157
References 165
index 179
v
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Figures and tables
Figure 3.1 Counterterrorism Policy opinions 70
Figure 3.2 only one over-time trend is Significant 72
Figure 3.3 a Closer look at airport Security opinions 77
Figure 3.4 a Closer look at Patriot act opinions 78
Figure 3.5 a Closer look at torture opinions 79
Figure 4.1 the Power of threat Priming 93
Figure 4.2 education effects in the airport Security
experiment 95
Figure 4.3 National identity and the Rights Violation
experiment 99
Figure 4.4 education in the Rights Violation experiment 100
Figure 4.5 lessons from the torture experiments 103
Figure 5.1 affect toward insider and outsider Groups 117
Figure 5.2 does National identity matter for outsider
Groups? 118
Figure 5.3 does National identity matter for insider
Groups? 119
Figure 5.4 magnitude of National identity effects: affect
toward Christians 120
Figure 5.5 does transnational ethnicity matter? 121
Figure 6.1 Policy Feedback and the NSa Surveillance
experiment 137
Figure 6.2 Policy Feedback in Greater detail 137
Figure 6.3 the Waterboarding experiment 138
Figure 6.4 the health Spending experiment 140
vviiii
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viii Figures and tables
table 3.1 Wording of Surveys of american Policy
attitudes Policy-attitude baseline items 68
table 3.2 tests for over-time trends 73
table 3.3 additional tests for Group-Specific trends 75
table 3a.1 Response Rates 83
table 4.1 SaPa item Wordings and experiments 88
table 4.2 do experimental treatments have the Same
effects? 94
table 4.3 Comparative magnitude of Factors behind
airport Security 96
table 4.4 Comparative magnitude of Factors behind
Rights Violation 101
table 5.1 SaPa item Wordings and experiments 114
table 5.2 experimental treatments and interactions 116
table 5.3 Comparative magnitude of Factors behind
middle east Group affect 119
table 5.4 Comparative magnitude of Factors behind
military Commissions Support 122
table 6.1 Feedback and interaction effects 134
table 6.2 Feedback and interaction effects 136

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about the authors
Clem Brooks is Rudy Professor of Sociology at indiana university,
bloomington.
Jeff Manza is professor of sociology at New York university.
ix
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