Table Of ContentABC of Sociaaln d PoliticKanlo wledge
VladimiBru zuev
VladimiGro rodnov
PROGRESSP UBLISHERS
MOSCOW
Transltaedf rom the Russianb y SergeCih ulaki
EditoriBaola rdo ft heS eriesF:. M . Volkov( Chief Editor),
Ye.F . Gubsky (DeputyC hiefE ditor)F,. M . Burlatsk,y
V. V. KrapivinY,u . N. Popov,V . V. Soboelv,F . N. Yur
lov,V . D. Zotov
B.E ysyesB,. I' opo4HOB
qTo TAKOE MAPK CH3M-AEHHHH3M?
Ha artzJtUiicKRo3'Mb iKe
Hs,l.l,aTeAbCTB«oIl porpecc»1, 987
Englisthr anlsatio©n Progress Publishe·r1s9 87
Printedi n theU nionef SovieSto dalisRte publics
0104000-0-103087 _
B 87
014(01)-87
CO NTENTS
To theR eader 5
Introducti.o n 9
ChapteOrn e.T HE EMERGE NCE OF MARXISM,
AND STAGES IN ITS DEVELOPMENT 1 1
UtopianS ocialism· 12
The Founderso fM arxism 17
Leninis-ma New Phasei nt he Developmenotf
Marxism 40
ChapteTrw o.P HILOSOPHICAL PRINCIPLES OF
MARXISM-LENINISM 53
I.D IALECTICAL MATERIALISM 56
Matter, IPtrso pertiaensd ItsF ormso fE xis-
tence. 56
MaterialiDsita lectics 66
Theoryo f Knowledge 79
IL HISTORICAL MATERIALISM 83
Mode ofP roductioonf M ateriaWle alth-the
PrincipaFla ctori·n the Developmento f
Society 83
ClassesC,l assS trugglaen d the St.a te 92
SociaClo nsciousneasnsd Ideolog.y 99
The Roleo ft heP opular Masasneds oft heI n-
dividuailn History 103
4 Contents
TheS ignfiicancoef M arxits-LeinnisPthi loso-
phy 105
Chapter TTHhEr eEeC.O NOMI C FOUNDATI ONS
OF MARXISM-LENINISM 107
RealmsP oliitcaElc onomvS tudies I0 7
The EconomicD octrinoef Karl Marx 11O
Imperialismt heH ighseta ndF inalS tageo f
Capitalism 126
PoliticEaclo nomyo fS ociiaslm 146
ChaptFeoru rT.H E THEORY OF SCIENTIFIC
CO M MUNISM 160
Emergecnea ndS ubstanocfeS cietnifiCco m-
mumsm 161
The World-HistorMiics sino oft he Working
Class 166
Theoryo f SocailisRt evolution 175
GeneraLla ws Governintgh eT ransitioofn
DifefrenCto untriteos S ociiaslm,a nd Diffe-
rentF ormso fT hisT ransition 183
ChaptFeirv eM.A RXISM -LENINISM TH E POW
ERFUL FORCE FOR THE REVOLUTIONARY
RENOV ATION OF THE WORLD 194
GreatO ctobera nd Real Sociiaslm 196
The WorldS ysteom fS ocailismt heD ecisive
Forcoef t heR evolutionTarrayn sformatioofn
the\ .Yorld 219
InternatiCoonmamlu nisatn dW orkign-Class
Movement 233
NationaLli beratiMoonv ement 253
Marxism-eLniinsm on thPer oblemso fW ar
andP eace 275
Glossary 296
To theR eader
Thed ayi s fanroot f wfh enm an
kinwdi leln ttehrtwe e ntyr-scftei n
turNye.w b roadh orizoofsn osc io
ecnoomica ndn atiopnraolg ress
aroep eniunpbg e ofrteh ep eoples
oft he Iwd.o r
Ourc entwuirlygl od owni nh is
torays a perioofdm omentous
revoluticohnaan.rgT yeh eG reat
OctobeSro cliiasRte voilounti n
Russuisah eedri ns ociaolnio surm
planeTth.eS ovieUtn ionn ow
builadd se vepleods coialsioscti ety
inw hicthh ew okrinmga ni st o
becomfeor,t hfie rstti mien his
toryt,h et ruem asteorf his
counttrhye,b uildoefhr i sl ei.f
Toda,ym anyo thecro untarnide s
peoplaerseb uildai nnge wj ust.
sociseitdbyey s idweih tt hUeS SR.
6 What: IsM arxism-Leninism?
The ignoblceo lonisayls teomf i mperialhiassm
falleanp artw,i tht hep eopleosfA siaA,fr icaa nd
LatiAnm ericeam barkinugp ont hep atho fi nde
pendents ocio-econoamnidc p oliticdaelv elop
ment.T he internatiwoonrakli ncgl ashsa sm ade
considerahbelaed wayi n thes trugglaeg ainst
monopoly capdiotmailn ation.
Allt heseh istorcihca ngehsa vep rovedt he
validiotfyt h eg reatessotc io-iptoilcdaolc trionfe
ourt ime:M arxism-LeniniIstmsi. n exhaustible
strengltihe isn i tsa bilittoyc onstantly develop
ande nriciht selEfa.c hn ew generatifoinn disn
thidso ctriannes wertsoa lilm portapnrto blemosf
contemproaryl ife.
Everym an,e vernya tioinst hem akero fi tosw n
happinesist,sf ortu,nj eustiacned peacefluilf e.
Todayn,o otheprr obleims m orei mporatntt han
thato f ensuring rmiagnht'tos a lifei np eacea nd
freedom.
Thisa ndo thesro cio-econiosmsiucae rse e luci
datedi n thep resenSte rieAsB C ofS ociaaln d
PolitiKcnaolw ledgceu rrentrleyl easbeyd P rog
ressP ublishers.
Itc onsisotfs t wentyb ooksc overinvga rious
subjecwthsi chp rovidteh ek eyt ou nderstanding
theh istorico-sdoecvieallo pmeonft thew orld.
The booksc ovetrh eb asiics sueofst heM arxist-
Leninitshte orayn d arew ritteinn a cleaarn d "
simple languOangee d.o esn otn eeda nys pecial
socio-polibtaicckaglr outnodu nderstatnhdec on-
TO THE READIO:R 7
tents oft hesbeo oksb,e causteh eya rew ritteinna
wayt hatth er eadehri mselmfa y comet o under
stands ociailm perativaends theo bjectivlea ws
governing wtohrel dr evolutionparroyc estsh,e
lifoef n ationasn d, indeoefde ,v eryi ndividual.
ReadoenSr o cSicailse nce
Thiss erioepse nwsi thA
made up ofe xcerpftrso mt hep rincipwaolr kso f
KarlM arx,F rederiEcnkg elasn d V. I.L enin.
Thisi sfo llowebdy thep opularwlryi ttebno oks
WhaIts M arxisnmi-sLmeW?nh,ia Its S ocialism?,
WhaItsC apitalWihsamIt?st , hS et atWeh?aI,tst he
Par,ry ? What
etcT.h e lasitn t hisse riiessa book,
Ist hWeo rSlodc iSaylsitsetm ?
whicho ffresa n his
toriacn dt heoretical osftt huedg ye neisso ft he
worlds ocialciosmtm unityT.h e books howsa
new typeo fr elatiobnest weetnh ep eopleasn d
countribeass edo n the principloefs s ocialist
internationablriostmh,e rhocoodo,p eratiroens,
pectf ort hei ndependenscoev,e reiganntdyn on
interfereinnc et he affairosf one another.
Eachb ooki nt hisse riheass gal ossaorfyp oli
ticala nd socio-econotmeircm inologIyt. i s
compileidn s ucha way thatt her eadecro uld
easiluyn derstatn4de c ontenotfst heb ooksa nd
couldw ithth eirh elps tudys timlolr ei nvolved
problemosf o urt ime.
The presesnetr iiessa ngleadt a llt hosuen pre
judicerde aderwsh o are interienss toecdi aplr o
blemsi,n t hed estinietsh eoiofrw n peoplaen do f
mankindi n generaTlh.i sA BC of Sociaaln d
8 What lsM arxism-Liennsim?
PolitKincoawll edwgiel l cooumite nm anyl an
guageFsr.o m1 895,b ookisnt hisse riwersi,t ten
byp rominent scShoovlihaeartvs be,e ecno ming
ouitn E ngliSspahn,i sFhr,e ncPho,r tuguIetsael,
ianG,r eekB,e ngaHliin,d iT,a mili, Swahili,
AmhariMca,l agaasnyd,o thelra nguages.
VictAofra nasiev,
Membeorf t heU SSRA cademoyf
Sciences
'
Itnrodutcino
Overt hec enturpieeosp,hl aev e
been yeafrnoifrnr ge edjoums,t ice
anda happlyi fTeh.ef ineasntd
nobloefms etn w,h os awt hseu ffer
inga ndh umiliaotfti hoenc om
monf olakn dt hei njustices they
werseu bjetcot,e dc noouptlu dut p
witthh oer doefrt hintghsag te ner
ateda llt hesien iquiTthieeys .
calluepdo tnh eex ploitedt om asses
risaeg aintshtet yranatnsdt he
rich.
Manyd octrainndme asn ys ocial
ideaWlesr ec reataendd,m any
wayasn dm eanwse rseu ggefstoerd
theriera lisiantt ihoenn a meo f
freedaonmdj ustfioctreh ,ec om
' monw eaHlo.w evenro,no ef t hem
providweodr king peopal e with
compatshsaw to ulsdh otwh etmh e
10 What IsM arxism-Leninism?
onlyc orretc pattho a sociewthyo seh allmarks
wouldb ef relea boru,p eacel,i beyr,e tquailyt and
socijauls itce.
Takinign t o accotuhnetp revisoe uxperieonfc e
earliseorc ietaineds theiidre a,s KarlM arx
(1 81-81883)a nd FrederiEcnkg els1 82(0 -1895)
evolvead n ew revolutionsacriyei,nf titch eoriyn
them iddloef t hen ineteecnetnthu ryT.h eigrr eat
causew asc ontindu bey VladimiIrl yicLhe nin
( 81701-924.)
Then ames of MarxL eannidgn a ver ise to the
new doctrnie,c alleMda rxism-Leninwihsimc h
you wilrle ada bouti n thibso ok.
