Vasi ateniesi a figure nere. Un manuale

272 Pages·1998·43.038 MB·Italian

by  John Boardman

Anfoar ap rocfoinltoi (nTuiopoA )f irmdaatE ax ekiIalrs i.t odrenDioi oscAulrti6..1c m.
fohBno ardman
VASIA TENIESI
A FIGUREN ERE
unm anuale
RUSCONAIR TE
Primead izifoenbeb r1a9i9o0
Seconeddaiz iofneeb br1a9i9o8
Titoolroi gidneallle' opera
AthenBilaacnFk i guVraes es
Tbameasn dH udsoLnt d3,0 -3B4l oomsbSutryr eLeotn,d oWnC 1B3 QP
Tuttiid irirtitsie rvati
©197T5b ameansd HudsoLnt d.
©199R0u scoLniib rsi. rV.iLa,lS ea rc2a3 52,012M6il ano
Traduziodnalel 'inglese
di OraziPoa oletti
ISBN8 8-18-91023-X
Finidit sot ampanregele nna1i9o9 8
da< <LTai pograVfairceaSs .ep .A.>>
Sommario
Prefazione 7
l. Introduzione 9
2. Gliin idzeill pai ttvuarsac olaren ear ef igure 15
IP recurs-oDrailP ittodreel laG orgoane S ophi-lAolst rgir uppi
3.K leitipi iatst,do erlcilo ep pdeiS iaendaa ltri 33
Ip ittdeolrlei c oppdei S ian-aK leiti-aAslt rpii ttdoirg ir anvdais ·iL ea nfeo r
tirreniche
4.L am etdàe l see cgoallnoins iu ccessivi 55
Lydo·sIl PittodirA em asi-Esx ekieai slG ru ppoE I·P iccoMlaeis terg il i altri
pittdoirc io pp·eA ltrip ittdoirg ir anvdais ei N ikosthenes
l
5.I lp eridoedlofl ieg urroes se 08
Ip ittboirlii n(l)g u·iI p ittdoirc io pp·eIl PittodriAe n timenee siG lru ppdoi
Leagr·oA slt rpii ttdoirg ir anvdais -iI p ittboirlii n(gII)u- iL el ekythoi
6. Gluil timi sdveilplliuatp tpaui r fai gure nere 153
Ip ittdoiril eky-tAhltoroeip ertea rde
7.L ea nfopraen atenaiche 175
8.V aria 187
La tecnidciSa i x-I v aspio ilcro-mIiv asmii niatur-iIsv taisaci vi e rnicnee r-a
Atenoe A ttic·aE ?m igarnteii mitatori
9. Lef ormvea sconloamreiif :u nzioni 194
Anfor-eH ydr-iOaiin oc-hRoeaciip ipeenrmt iis celaer reaf freddairlve i n-o
Copp-eA ltric onteni-tVoasriip ero lipir ofum-aVtais pie ru siri tu·aA llit re
/orme
10.C ronolroegliaaet c irvoan olaosgsioal uta 204
11.L ad ecorazione 207
Lec onvenzfiiognuir a-tLieiv sec riz-Liaodn eic oriaozn-eA nimaeldie ssefrain -
tastici
12.S cenree ali 217
La vitqau oitdia·nIl a m ondo dealrmlei · Il vinloe, donnraeag,z zeii la musi·
ca L-os por-tL ea ttivciotmmàe rciea alrit igi-aAnavvlein imednitc ia rattere
reliiogso
13.L er appresenmtiatzoiloongii che 228
Led ivin·iE tràa c-lTee seeoa lterrio ·iIl Ciclot roia-nAol trfei gumriet olo-
giche
Tavoclrao nologica 249
Abbreviazioni 250
Bibliografia 250
Elendceol illel ustrazioni 261
Indidceega lrit ieds etgiir uppi 268
Indidceeti e rnmii tologici 270
Indiacnea litico 272
Prefazione
Qualccoosmave e ntivmaislaita e niesi a sfoinggoiu sàrt eas tcnioe preer ti,
edo gni maonlntoi veanlgtorpnioo r tianlt uicd ea gslcia rveig oldaarlil,' attività
decil andeos ctoinntii naur aineorn erdgaemlre er cato anetd iavq eucacrhiioe
collepzriiovnTairt ael e.t estimodneimlao nnzdeo antico gicuhnet e fino a noi
vip osseasnsoe praer angaotlees, o lceh rei sulptianùnu om ereov saer isaitdaea l
puntdoiv isrntoar folosgiiacq oud,ea l tleorn atsiocnlooec eramiafc ihgeur roes ­
sef abbrincealstlteae csistat à. vaQsucieic sotnis ervanaon tiiclco omp pilùe sso
dir affigurnriatziidcoihun eni ca erctoan sistenza dneellll'g'araremtcrbeaai, pt ­o
presentnaecnlod not elmapp oia ùn ticclaa dsisd eo cumeinntdia gaabtbaa stanza
estesaemdea nf toen ddoac onsenlt'diiirnvei duadzisi ionngeo le paerrtsio­nalità
sticebh oet teghe, fniosnsicra harépe p docirh lteei u nisconqou;e smptoeotr i vo
esshia nnsov olutnro u odlio prpiimaoin not utgtlisi t uddeid icalalt'iae rdt e
alla mitolocgoisat igtruueincss aic,co uenerlo oe mednirt ioc hinaemlsola eld ee i
museeni e lcloel ledziia orntciel assCiicòna o.n ostnaenstsedu,en lapl ueb blica­
ziocnoin cerlneep nrtiin criapcaclohila ft oer nfiitnoou rnqa u adsrtoo rdieclo­
la'r gomeenl terno o,n ogrsauflipleia t tvuarsac onloansr oen moa is tactoer redate
da aupnp arialtlou sttraaldteair vios paramc ihanire ea ffronltosa tsusdeli ao
consultdaivz airoin e voqluuemsipt;oo iv,a,a a ggiulnamt aan cadnizu an at rat­
tazione sidsettiee rnmia trdiaecflafl ieg udriapziisnoutnvieia sIilm. a nuaclhee
presentsipaedmrioca o lmaqruee sltaec upnreo,p oneanndzoistidu itt rtaoc ciare
unp rofsitloord ieclpolr ao duzai ofnieg urceh seni de irmeo ssturfif icientemente
complee dteot gtlaiadtaso o ddistfaanrlteeoe sigednezgeel sip ecrhteqi u elle
degsltiu deenc teir,c adnifd oor nuinrae quadniit liltuàs tcraapzaidcoiden o ic u­
mentanroens olloaq ualdietlàol pee re adretgidlsiit ip rpiimaon o,a ncmhae
la'spedtit oq udeelpili et tmoernido o taDt'ail.t ra npoansr ièt ter ascudria to
offruinrr ee socsounltdloea c orazsieocnoen deas ruilal e fsicgeunrpeao tiec,h é
quesstpee sso comaulv niisciatdnaiout nom rues eoo uan os tudepnitùe o dgini
considerdaiz ioorpndueir naem esnttiel itsitpiocloeo,c g riocnoo loSgeqi uceos.t o
hav oludtiorc eh qeu alpcahret el idbheralao c quisuntc aatroa tptie"ùrra ec heo­
logico""ts ocrhiaecr ot i"s,mtii a cuogucrhone e clo mplecsisòsir o i vuenlf ia tto
positiinov gon;i msoièdr oi,t enouptpoor truinnou ncaidoa srsee rvpazairotnii­
colareggiate sduiif apbrborciecedas izumilteolennecte ni i che paim tetnoor iche,
chees sneo ne sercuinti innfol susueslvolo 'luzdieolnsleto i le.
Ilm ioe samdee lslvoi lusptpiol istciecroa rndoeglarltaatfa iif caia g unreer e
sib assau mla gistlraavloserv oo lntecola mpdoe lln'tiidfeicdaizs iionngmoeal nei
e dgir updpapi a rdtieS iJro hBne azlcehyne,e h ae sposrtios uiil nta arttii coli
dip erioeddii ncrni o nogrIalfri ees.o cfoonrtnodi atslou Doe velopomfAe tnhte ­
niaBnla cFkgi urpeu,b blincea1lt 9o15 ,èp iaùp profodniqd uietlool fof eirnt o
è
quesstead mea,n on altretctoamnptloèec toor,r eddaau tnao p parialtlou stra­
tivmoe naom pio eudn dai hvae frisnaa elsisteàbn,ad soa stutoie sdtiui n as erie
dic onferAelntzcreai.p idtioplein dionvn aor,mi ias udraaa ,r tiecl oilbdiria i l tri
7
studimoasi inl, i nea di lamn aescseismsai tà dit uctgotlniaiss ipdedetertiai r e
documeinnqt uie st-iionn ea platrrolelos e t illade a,t aziloafn oer,mi as o,g getti
delrlaef figu-ramzihi apo onrit aadta os sumuenrae pospiizpùie ornseo rnia­le
guarad ov parroib lLeemp ia.g icnhese e guopneor,ca isòp,i raadon fof rqiurael ­
è
cosdai piuùn asd eim plice ricapliatvooalrlaotz rifuooinr:es q eu deeslit lo
momenatdoa tpteopr r esenattatrrea uvener'sspoo sisziinotneemt aia clta e,m po
stesdseot tagulnit aetmcaah, oe g gsiit enads et udidairseo rganiecc ahmee nte,
it ratdtisa ttoidr eilla'r atdee linceoann oe ccceosnsciivseaidi o nmn aen iecroan­
venzioPnuarcl oent. a plrie meqsuseesi tnad agriinseu litnecroàm pllege etnae,­
ralizznaoznmi aonncih ereai nllne ot,t doorvefr aàar t tzeinoandea ccogcloine re
cautielml iaoi mpiedgito e rmqiunai"l mia io" " sempre".
è
A quesptuon ton,e cesusnaparr ieac isarziigounaaerlc d oon tedniuqt uoe ­
stloa voAr poa.r tdiar5le3 0ci rlcata e cnpircian cidpealpllieat tvuarsac olare
è
atenineosne q uelal fai gunreer bee,n qsuìe lal fai gurroes see c,o nosciamo
pittcohresi ic imentianan mob edluete e cniPcohter.e abpbpea rsitrreap neor,­
ciòc,h eq ui vneonng aensoa miannacthiive a saif igurroes sIenr. e allatmà i a
è
scelotlata,rd ee ssedreet tdaatr aa gidoin ic onvencioennvzaal,di adlalt'ae vi­
denzsat esdsemlaa terliaaml aeg:g ipoarrd teeg alrit iisntfia,nt otni ,be irlai n­
gue,l ace e ramogrfaifgiunare era e mceornistiad eraanzcihooeln telr ade a ta
sopmrean zionnoantt aa npteolr a s uqau al-isteàp pudries con-t,ip neulraa
suaau tonoemp iealra 'bbondadnezldalo ac umentamzaia onncehp,ee irl s uo
patrimiocnoinoo grcahfreii cvoae,sl ap ecthteali,m enionp artseid, i fferenziano
daq ueltliipd ieclipl iat tauf riag urroes sHeo.f atitlpo o ssipbeisrle eg nail are
casnie qiu atlailt ee cnmiacnai fleaspt rao pirnifal uenzfaa prer epseearnl t e
lettlom'rpieo rtadneznlau ovloi nguafgogrimoau lneos; t udailot retptuann­to
tuadleel ssvuiol utpuptot,ad veivaaep, p arailrter ove.
Lei llustsroanzsoit oasntciee plrtien cipailnbm aesnaedt uece r itqeureil:l o
dic oprlin'rtiee arroc o evdoellupltiait vtaouf riag unreere eq ,u eldlido o cumen­
tarleap ivù asgtaam mpao ssidbifi olrem vea scoel adtriei m fii gurPaotiic.h é
è
mi sembrpaatrot icoliamrpmoernttmaean nttee nerlee o puendriietu en mede­
simgor upop doi u nm edesiamrot ilseit mam,a gini accomppaardgtenila no le
tesitnco u vie ngodnios cusassip esgttltiiil isspteirpcoei,r; t acnhteo ,cn oerls o
dellleat tduergaal lit craip iltao lip azdieellne ztatn oornve e ngmae ssaa dura
prodvaa lnleac esdsiti otràn ianrdei etqruoa ldpciah gei pnearr i trolvefa irgeu re
è
alqleu aslifi a r ifenrtiomI.enq ualccihrec osstia dnizmao storpaptoor truin­o
corraeidr ies epgenmrio strla'rien etsetrean sdiiuo nnase c efniag uroaq tuaa,l ­
chee lemednetlodl eac oralzeigogniecb oindl ief fiacc oalutdsàea pl r ecasrtiaot o
dic onservdaezlislounape e rdfiiu cnvi ae sSo'n.it encdheea vrperie feprriet­o
sentuanrn eu mermoa ggidoiri el luisotneridai zmmagpiinùi grmaani dnti a;l
casioll iberd oi,c onseguielsn uzcoao stsoa,r ebrbiesruol steanstiib ilmente di­
versi.
Tengaode spriimlmei roed ebiatnoz itvuetrtlsoeoo p edrieS iJro hBne a­
zlemya,a nche gvlesirc sroi tmtoilp tidisùi t udioqsuia nmdtisii a repbobses ibi­
ler icoridnaq ruee sta risnegdreia;nz oiloitM rues eiic ,o llezpiroinvieasdtt iii
fotogcrhamefi hi a nncoo nsendtiri itpor odivu arsirienl orpoo ssesdsiuo s aer e
lel oro fotLoerg irsaofdrieselBe.li ab liodteAelsclha'm olMeuasne uemd elAlr'­
chivio foBteoagzrhlaaefnyin ncooo t evolfmaecnitleii lmt iaoct oom pito.
8
CAPITOLO
l
Introduzione
Lat ecnica apf iitgtunorererii ecn,av enatC aotrai nitnot oarln7 o0 0a ..C,
consisnteelvla' esedcifu izgiuaors neie l htotuieen, icp uair ticionltaevrreinn ii ­
vanion ciinsm ia niderala a sctiraars piaflro inrdceoh iadreola lr'giecl hlaeal olc'­
correpnoztae vano ravvevniidvraaer t iet ocdcich oil orroes os boi an.Tc uotte
quesotpee razaivovnein ipvrainmdoae lcloat turvaa sdPoee.lrl ad ecorazione
delclear amsiitc raa tdtiau vnpa r ocedirmievnotlou zifoinnaaqo ru iemolo; m en­
tol,aG recdieal ld'eeFlte àr raov evcao nosclieau ntgoo loseu mfainoge u rdei
animraelail iazs zialtheo puieetnttaei, p idcehlesl toi le gecohmreea trraimceon,­
tec oncedesvpaianozao id etteasgelgiau c iotnit oPrenqrou .a nntoons conosciu­
è
toa ltrqouvees,st toic loen oblbese u ees prespsiiaùol ntaiedA tenteut;ta via,
possicbhipelr eo pirlfi aot dtiao v eprrea ticaemsecnltdueasl loo rroe pertloer io
rappresenftiagzuairboabntriieea s poi ù faaipc iitltceoo rrii ndzaivr i italadu na
nuovtae cn-iccoano gnpir obabsioltilttn'oàfi ludsims aon ufdaita tvio reid oi
metaald leoc oraiznicoiinmsepa o rdtaaltli' O-rieae cnctoeg allit eermeps ot esso
nuovceo nvenzfiiognuire adtu innv ueo vroe pertdoercioor aotriiveon talizzante.
Furopneor tagnlatiro t igdiiCa onrii cnhteod, i pingneenpldu on tigmliinoisaot u­
ristmiop idceolc lear amica prvoatsodico omriindnaazft iriae d giai n imeas lail ­
tuariadmeecnotrceao tsn ice mniet ologsivcihleu,p plaatr eocnnoaif ciag unreer e
duranitlse e covnl.o N elf ratteiml poorc,oo lleagthein isied seid icaavlalnao
pittdueriva a scih ei ndichcioamme"o p roto"a,rt etailciizszuae nsdeom plari
spesso di dimensioni smiolnhuomoue entatt aecl oin ttfaoilrgocnurooran,e a
ritocdcich oil obriea nec,mo o lto dipr iaùd coo,nd ettagglria ffIinttio.ra nlo
630aC ..p,e raòn,c hice e ramodgirA atfeinc eo minciaa ruosnaotr eec nlaia c a
figunreeri ent utltele o rroa ppresenftiagzuireoasnttiee ,n depnodaiog lleail e­
mentrii empnietgiulvliit idmeic ednnesile coNlaos.c ecvoasl ìa" pittatuernai e­
sea fingeur"ree,c h nee clo rdseosi u ccecsesnitvoic inaqnunaaivn rteabl beet te­
ralmecnotneq uitsuttaitmt ieo r cdaetmlio ndgor eco.
Alm omenattot ulael en,o csotnroes cseunlzcleea r amica sait ebnaiseasneo
suu nam oltepdliis ctiutddàei d icgartoism sood oa it raer gomeinnttio arin o
quaslii articpoalrpatrniio n cldieipq auleisl tiob -rsot idleec,o razfioornmee,
vascolmaarn io nt- u,t its ie ttdoerlrili ac ehracnans oe gnato pruoggusraiel.si
Valleap endair icoradnazriet cuhtietv oa sgir encoinv ennerraoc cionlq tuia n­
tiatpàp rezzparbiimdlaeeS l e tteceec nhteo ,q ufeesntoom reingou agrednòe ral­
mentlIe't laidao,v leet ombceo strrueisttei tsupievsaesnsooe mpilnatrailt at i;
Greceirama e naoc cesseid ba'illtcera,on gtloui s fiu nerealrlien noinoc fif rivano
condizioni aflaclvoaon rseevrovldaiez licloeenr ea miPcehrqe u.e sto mlo'tIi­vo,
talcioan tiandeu sas etruet tloasr eadd ee lmlaag gipoarrd teeri i trovaTma einet i.
..:
stadtico o sneo ns olhoac omporutnar tiot anredrloi conoscdiemiea nsitino
questcioomndeeo cumegnrteiac niz iccohmée testimonianezter ud­ella civiltà
scam,ah aa nchveo ludtiorc eh em,a lgrlai'dnot ensidfeilclaer siian rdcahgeion­i
logiccohned octotnce r itsecriie nitniG frieccdiiu ar agnltuiel ticmiin qu'naa-nt
9
ni,r alcec onlatzei oonp arliiv saptaeri snEe u roopfaf rpoinmùoa treiadlise t u­
dio dsetlelpsoas eods ioe r igdienlecl eer amiLc'hien.t edreegssltsdiuei oesd ie gli
appassiaopnpautnit,fa itdnoa slil 'isnuciloz nitoe nmuittoo lodgeilcrloae p pre­
è
sentazsiioc noin,s erivnattaoeti tllo a,v odrio rihcaep recram edsics oon segui­
ren uovceo noscseunlzslevo i ludpepmloi tsuo ,a speptatrit iceov laarriiad in ti
numereopsiis sopdeisr seog isstorlattaiinnt teos ti letterarpiir ùe n­otevolmente
centfio,r nennedcloo ntemupnto e rrdeinp or ovpae rle t eorie riIgou ardanti
sviludpeplcolo en venizcioonnoig rean faircrhaedt eilvle'g arretcNeae. pl r esente
è
lavocrhoe,d edicaaivt aosa fi i gunreer ep ree scdianr dief eripmaernttiic olari
è
ade spressionir eaalritizinzsm atatitece hreeidi a nlp ie ridoidvie rsstia,t o pos­
sibriilaes sumerel ecs oonlvteanniztciooo nnoig rsapfeiccihdfeiiq cuheest teac ni­
cae,d o ffreilreem eunttiaill iild 'entifidcira azpipornees enets aiznigfooinl­ie
gure.
Mentlroes guardednioe oclaesrsaait ctir iantp troi mo lduaolfgloaor ma
è
devia slii',n terdeeslssleto u dimoosdoe rnroi voallitlno'd ividudaicz eiroan­e
mistio ffeidoc inae fcirsistacerrreoi n ologici dianlddlieapc eonrdaedzniit­oin e
pinet ata la es copeos,ss oic oncesnutlrlaa fduinq zuieospntreio dontotnic,h é
sull'adnealllloiarfs ooi r mead ellloer o propQourezsistoeont itd.oe rgesl tiu di,
din atuersas enzia"lramcehnetioelc oahg"a,c ome pduinr tiof erilmeer natroe
firdmeevi a sgaiiu nftiena on ois,u lqluea tloir nerpeimaùov anti.
Sebbelnefe i rdmeeci e ramovgernaifsis eerr oa clceotltteie n p aanscshaet o,
lei ndagriinsie ravlalstote i slpee,c ialamq eunetldele osi i ngpoiltit soisr oin,o
svilupcpoanut neac erltean teGzlzsia td.ui osi choamninnoc aidao tcoc uparsi
de'lalrtitbuzdieovina esn io nf irmati ailnltao rfnisone ec osldcoeo lrm saoi ,l
meridtiao v earf fronttuatlttasoa e rdieeg elsie mpcloanrsie rev adativi ep ro rta­
too rdines tnuedldilepooii ttcohrleidi ipinsspeertaoJt oah Bne azclheeyi, n si­
è
gnitot idtedoiil" iKn ighet ""C mopanioofn Huorn,"o scompanres1lo 9 70.
Ir isuldtala utciio nsegnuecilat mip doe lpliat tvuarsac oalf airgeun reerc eo n
l'assegnapa iztitooon greri u psptii cliid sio tlittrreqe u ardteilo lpee rceh eg li
erannoot seo nsou persaotlit adnau tnoo'p earnaa lroiggau aridv aansati e f igure
rosset,r oevesa p resisniu onvn oel udmiee lenpcuhbib lincea1lt 59o6 c oni l
titAotltoBi lacc Fki guVraesP ea in,ta egrgsiorenc aotmop ledtaaPita orap loimena,
uscpiotsit unme1il9 7 1.
Ic ritaetrtir ibuziboansiasstutilci locami b,i nadziiu onnave a lutagzlioo­ne
baldee gellie mesnttiil eic sotmipcois ciotnlia 'vnia lciosmip ardaeptiaa r ticolari
-ade sempnieorle ndimdeenplta on negegd ieol l'an-artiosmuilbate andn io­
mostrianut niod epir ismaig dgeid icdaaBt eia zaldeu yn ceramao gfriagfuor e
nerqeu,e lsluPoli ttoArnet idmie anpepsa,nr es1lo9 2e7s ,o nsoe rvdiamt oid el­
lop egrl a!l tsrtiu dcihohesa in ncoo ntriablpu riotgor deisq suoe sctaom pdo' in­
dagiEn ea.p peinlca a sdoip recicshaeBre ea znloeynn uìtm raia tgtgeiamenti
snobiisntm iactie driis at ordieal l'eagrldtiee d:i icnòf aatdat rit imsotdie sot i
trasculrasa t beicslusirap a o snteal rlaac coenl et'latal rtibuzdieolnolepe e rdeei
è
maestcroiinrl, i sulcthaect,oo m iesl uoa,n chienl ostsrgou arodgogi ing rado
dia bbraclcn'itiaerarero c doe lplrao duzcihoienn te ,am lo dpou òv eniurtei lizza­
tac omtee rmdiinr ei feripmeelrna ct roo nolsoigraie al,ac thieav sas oluta, della
Grecairac aNiocnaè . q uesltasa e dpei aù datpteadr i mostlrm'apiroer tadniz a
quesltaov osruopli asnto ormiacv ois, a roàc casdiioa ncec ennqauravniad noa ­
lizzeirc ermiots euqriui a sliii m postlaenn oos tdraet azioni.
In omdie pii ttaotrein iescio nsn ioctuirs eoznzcoai rucnaad ozzimnaa ,
glair ties gtiri u pipsio ldaaBt eia zlseoynp or essapqpuoactot rocento. La loro
10