Values and Choices in Television Discourse: A View from Both Sides of the Screen

271 Pages·2015·3.966 MB·English

by  Roberta Piazza, Louann Haarman, Anne Caborn (eds.)

Values and Choices in Television Discourse
AlsobyRobertaPiazza
MARKEDIDENTITIES(co-edited)
THEDISCOURSEOFITALIANCINEMA
TELECINEMATICDISCOURSE(co-edited)
AlsobyLouannHaarman
EVALUATIONANDSTANCEINWARNEWS(co-edited)
AlsobyAnneCaborn
MONEYFIGHTCLUB
THESMARTWAYTOSAVEMONEYONEPUNCHATATIME(co-authored)
Values and Choices in
Television Discourse
A View from Both Sides of the Screen
Editedby
Roberta Piazza
UniversityofSussex,UK
Louann Haarman
UniversityofBologna,Italy
Anne Caborn
TheContentLab,UK
Selectionandeditorialcontent©RobertaPiazza,LouannHaarman
andAnneCaborn2015
Individualchapters©Respectiveauthors2015
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2015 978-1-137-47846-7
Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis
publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission.
Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted
savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe
Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence
permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency,
SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS.
Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication
maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages.
Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentifiedastheauthorsofthis
workinaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988.
Firstpublished2015by
PALGRAVEMACMILLAN
PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited,
registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke,
HampshireRG216XS.
PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC,
175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010.
PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies
andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld.
Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates,
theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries.
ISBN 978-1-349-58003-3 ISBN 978-1-137-47847-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9781137478474
Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully
managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing
processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe
countryoforigin.
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress.
Contents
ListofFiguresandTables viii
Acknowledgements x
NotesonContributors xi
AWordofIntroduction xv
RobertaPiazza,LouannHaarmanandAnneCaborn
Part I TheAnalysis of theTelevision Product
RobertaPiazzaandLouannHaarman
1 PromotionalVideos:WhatDoTheyTellUsaboutthe
ValueofNews? 5
MonikaBednarekandHelenCaple
2 EvaluationasPositioninginEnglishLanguageWorld
NewsChannels:CCTV,France24,RussiaToday,AlJazeera 31
AlisonDuguid
3 CameraAnglesinTelevisionNews:Designedto
Communicate? 59
ScottKoga-Browes
4 OverweightandObesityinTVNews 87
CatrionaBonfiglioli
5 Television,CollectiveMemoryandtheCommemoration
Cure 109
NuriaLorenzo-Dus
6 TheRepresentationofTravellersinTelevision
Documentaries:DispellingStigmawhileDealingwith
InfotainmentDemands 132
RobertaPiazza
v
vi Contents
7 MasterChef:CookingCompetitionacrossCultures 158
LouannHaarman
Part II What’sBehindthe Screen?
HilaryBruffellandAnneCaborn
8 WhatMakestheNewsNewsworthy:PositionandPriority
asConsiderationsintheChannel4NewsRoom 185
JonSnow
9 NewsasPoliticalCommitmentandObservationson
Obesity 190
CathyNewman
10 EngagingaDaytimeTelevisionAudienceviaPopular
MagazineProgramming:AQuestionofBalance 194
LukeChilton
11 It’sNotaDisasterifItDoesn’tMakethe9O’ClockNews:
HowFactualProgrammingCanShapePerceptionsand
ResponsestoMajorDisasters 201
CliveJones
12 CommercialImperativesandTheirImpactontheValues
oftheContemporaryDocumentaryandRealityFormats 207
PeterHamilton
13 Documentary-Making:ACommercialandPublic
BroadcasterPerspective 216
OliviaLichtenstein
14 CompetitionandCookeryinaGlobalCulturalFormat 223
KarenRossandDougWood
15 TheMoralsoftheMoneyShot:TheJournalisticand
PersonalPerspectiveonCreatingaPornDocumentaryfor
Channel4 229
MartinDaubney
16 AuthenticityinDocumentary-Making 234
AnyaSitaram
Contents vii
17 DocumentaryandRealityTVasModernFairytales:
AnOdysseyinCharacter,ContentandCommissioning 240
JanEudenandMickSawyer
18 TheInterplaybetweenConflictandCharacterinDrama
andItsPossibleInfluencesontheConstructionofReality
Programming 246
HarryDuffin
Index 251
Figures and Tables
Figures
1.1 StillsfromtheSydneyMorningHeraldpromo 17
1.2 StillsfromTheGuardianpromo 20
1.3 StillsfromtheBBCWorldNewspromo 22
1.4 StillsfromtheABCNews24promo 23
1.5 Examplesofhowthevalueofpreferredprovideracross
platformsisvisuallyconstructed 25
2.1 Twopresidents,CCTVnews,18December2013 43
2.2 Victorysaluteinsplitscreen,CCTVnews,18December
2013 45
2.3 EUflagatIndependenceSquare,AlJazeeranews,18
December2013 47
2.4 PicnicinIndependenceSquare,F24news,18December
2013 49
2.5 Lunge,RTnews,18December2013 53
3.1 Distributionofverticalcameraangles 65
3.2 Distributionofhorizontalcameraangles 66
3.3 NHKlow-angleshotofgirlattopofstairs:Positional
motivation 71
3.4 NHKlow-angleshotofcampaigningpolitician:
Positionalmotivation 71
3.5 High-angleBBCshotofpolice:Possiblepositional
motivation 72
3.6 Relationallow-angleshot:Peopleandsun 73
3.7 Relationallow-angleshot:Visitorswithfan 73
3.8 Foreshorteningusedtoincreasepictorialscope 74
3.9 Low-angleshotshowingpoliticianshakinghands 75
3.10 Lowangleshotshowinggame-players’hands 77
3.11 High-angleshotsandframingsizes 78
3.12 NHKhighangle:CrowdatOkinawaprotest 79
3.13 BBChighangle:Conferencecrowd 79
3.14 NHKhighangle:Earthquakerescue 80
3.15 BBChighangle:Groupoutsidecourt 80
3.16 Policeofficerpicturedfromlowangle 82
3.17 Commutersportrayedfromlowangle 83
viii
ListofFiguresandTables ix
5.1 Visuallycombined(polishedandunpolished)
remembering 118
6.1 Interviewees’gazeinTT 138
6.2 Hare-huntinginTT 143
6.3 HeadlesswomeninTTaT 148
6.4 RecyclablerubbishinTT 150
7.1 MCUK:Michael’selimination(centre) 166
7.2 MCUS:Malcolm’selimination 168
7.3 MCAUS:Jay’selimination 170
7.4 Indirectasides:US,AUS,UK 173
Tables
1.1 Definitionsofvalue 6
1.2 Collocationanalysis:values 7
1.3 Definingnewsvalues 8
1.4 Spokentextinthefourvideos 13
1.5 Exampleofmultimodaltranscriptforoneshotofthe
SMH promotionalvideo 15
2.1 Worldnewscorpus 36
2.2 Countryandidentity 37
3.1 Codingscheme 64
3.2 Distributionofverticalcameraangles 66
3.3 Distributionofhorizontalcameraangles 66
3.4 Cross-tabulationofdistributionofcutstakenfrom
varyingverticalandhorizontalcameraangles,BBCand
NHKcombinedtotal 67
4.1 Televisionnewsangles:Categoriesofnewsangleswith
examples,televisionsource,date,andfrequency 93
4.2 Responsibilityframingcategoriesandfrequency 96
5.1 Commemorationdiscourseontelevision–Ananalytic
corpus 113
7.1 EssentialfeaturesofUK,AustralianandUSeditions 160
12.1 Top10UKfactualseries,2013 210