Table Of ContentCopyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
ÌÈÍÈÑÒÅÐÑÒÂÎ ÎÁÐÀÇÎÂÀÍÈß È ÍÀÓÊÈ
ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÎÉ ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈÈ
ÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÅ ÎÁÐÀÇÎÂÀÒÅËÜÍÎÅ Ó×ÐÅÆÄÅÍÈÅ
ÂÛÑØÅÃÎ ÏÐÎÔÅÑÑÈÎÍÀËÜÍÎÃÎ ÎÁÐÀÇÎÂÀÍÈß
«ÂÎËÃÎÃÐÀÄÑÊÈÉ ÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÅÍÍÛÉ ÓÍÈÂÅÐÑÈÒÅÒ»
М.Г. ВОРОБЬЕВА, Т.Н. ЦИНКЕРМАН
UPWARD BOUND
First year
Ó÷åáíî-ìåòîäè÷åñêîå ïîñîáèå
 2 ÷àñòÿõ
Ч II
АСТЬ
Âîëãîãðàä 2010
Copyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
ÁÁÊ 81.432.1ÿ73
Â75
Ðåöåíçåíòû:
ä-ð ôèëîë. íàóê, ïðîô. êàôåäðû
àíãëèéñêîé ôèëîëîãèè ÂÃÏÓ Â. È. Êàðàñèê;
êàíä. ôèëîë. íàóê, äîö. êàôåäðû
èíîñòðàííûõ ÿçûêîâ ÂîëãÃÒÓ À. Â. Îëÿíè÷;
êàíä. ôèëîë. íàóê, ñò. ïðåï. ÂîëÃÓ Ë. À. Êî÷åòîâà
Âîðîáüåâà, Ì. Ã.
Â75 Upward Bound [Òåêñò] : First year : ó÷åá.-ìåòîä. ïîñîáèå:
â 2 ÷. / Ì. Ã. Âîðîáüåâà, Ò. Í. Öèíêåðìàí ; Ãîñ. îáðàçîâàò.
ó÷ðåæäåíèå âûñø. ïðîô. îáðàçîâàíèÿ «Âîëãîãð. ãîñ. óí-ò». —
×.2. — Âîëãîãðàä: Èçä-âî ÂîëÃÓ, 2010.— 184 ñ.
ISBN 5-85534-866-0
Äàííîå ïîñîáèå ïðåäíàçíà÷åíî äëÿ àóäèòîðíîé è ñàìîñòîÿ-
òåëüíîé ðàáîòû ñòóäåíòîâ I êóðñà îòäåëåíèÿ àíãëèéñêîé ôèëîëîãèè.
Ïîñîáèå âêëþ÷àåò 10 òåìàòè÷åñêèõ óðîêîâ.  êàæäîì óðîêå ñîäåðæèòñÿ
ñëîâàðü ñëîâ è âûðàæåíèé ïî òåìå è ñèñòåìà óïðàæíåíèé äëÿ ðàçâèòèÿ
íàâûêîâ ÷òåíèÿ, àóäèðîâàíèÿ è ãîâîðåíèÿ.
ÁÁÊ 81.432.1ÿ73
ISBN 5-85534-866-0
© Âîðîáüåâà Ì. Ã., Öèíêåðìàí Ò. Í., 2004
© Îôîðìëåíèå.Èçäàòåëüñòâî
Âîëãîãðàäñêîãî ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî
óíèâåðñèòåòà, 2010
Copyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
EDUCATION
TEXT
Ex. 1. Read and translate the texts.
Education in Russia
I
In our country all children receive compulsory education for
the first eight years at school, which gives them a broad base for
further study in whatever direction they may choose. In the schools
the choosing of careers is made easier in a variety of ways. Visits are
arranged to factories and enterprises, people of different professions
come and talk to the school leavers, form teachers discuss the problem
with them.
Most schools nowadays have, in the two top classes, a bias, which
leads to a speciality, such as mathematics, computer programming, physics,
or foreign languages. So after the eighth form, at the age of 14-15,
young people may transfer to another school according to their
special interests. It is up to the children and their parents to decide
or choose their future career.
There exist technical colleges, which give a general education as
well as preparation for a profession. Those who wish to get some
training leading directly to a job may join a specialized college where
they receive a general education and the school certificate of education,
in addition to a certificate in the speciality they have chosen.
II
Every year thousands of young men and women enter Univer-
sities and Institutes of Higher Education. Moscow and St. Petersburg
Universities may be the aim of many applicants although there are
many more institutions all over Russia where students get their higher
education in various subjects. Besides day departments there are evening
and extra-mural (or correspondence) departments for part-time stu-
dents who work during the day.
The applicants go in for entrance examinations in July and
August before the new academic year begins. A written examination in
the Russian language is compulsory as well as oral examination in the
subjects the students are going to major in.
— 3 —
Copyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
If the applicants want to have a good command of the subject in
which they will take examinations, they attend preliminary courses.
Most students receive grants. The amount depends on the results
of the previous set of examinations.
The first two years of study are generally the most difficult. The
students may have up to 30 hours a week of seminars, lectures and
classes.
Apart from the major subject and its allied subjects, University
students follow courses in Socio-Political Economy.
Sport is also compulsory during the first years of study.
Students’ life is a very full one, both academically and culturally.
Students have holidays twice a year, at the end of each set of
examinations.
In winter when examinations are over students may spend their
vacation in the country where they skate and ski, or they may go to
warmer places where it is possible to sunbathe and swim even at this
time of the year. Unfortunately there are some students who fail exams.
They stay in town and cram for their failed exams.
Now more and more young people understand that education
provides the younger generation not only with formal learning, but
with social, moral and political ideas.
Ex. 2. Ask questions about the texts and let your fellow-students
answer them.
Ex. 3. Retell the texts.
DIALOGUE
Ex. 1. Read and translate the dialogue.
Once a year every faculty gives an interview for candidates seek-
ing admission. The dean and some of the lecturers welcome them and
answer all their questions thoroughly.
A: Is there any difference in the curriculum for full-time and
part-time students?
Dean: Yes, there is. The evening department holds classes only four
times a week, and therefore their course runs for six years.
B: We have heard that there is a well-equipped language laboratory
at the Philological faculty. Shall we be able to listen to recordings
and work with tape-recorders there ourselves?
— 4 —
Copyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
Dean: Of course, you will. You will even have to do it, otherwise
your teachers will tell you that you don’t work at your
English properly. Besides it will help you to improve your
pronunciation and speech habits. I’m sure that you will do
your best, and there will be no need for your teachers to
worry.
C: Shall we be able to borrow books from the University library
being only part-time students?
Dean: Yes, you will have to join our library. It is well-stocked with
books from the reading-list of recommended works for students.
Times of opening are convenient for those who work as well
as study. On Mondays and Thursdays our library is open till 9
o’clock in the evening.
E: Are there any student societies at the faculty?
Dean: There certainly are. We have students’ clubs, which are extremely
popular with the students of our faculty, especially first-year
students. We hope that you will take part in the activities of
our discussion and theatrical groups or the choir. Our University
Choir is famous all over the country. Of course there are
many sports societies among which you can find something
to your liking. In senior years if you are interested in research
work you will be able to join linguistic societies.
S: I’ve heard that there are two museums in the main buildings
of the University. What kind of museums are they?
Dean: You are right, there are two museums in the main building.
Mendeleyev museum which is in fact the flat where
Mendeleyev lived with his family when he was Rector of the
University. The other museum is the University History
Museum. Among its exhibitions there are old documents, photos
and instruments.
K: When can we hand in our applications?
Dean: The Entrance Requirements Department will take them from
June 20th till July 31st.
L: What entrance exams shall we have to take?
Dean: You must write an essay and go in for Russian, English and
History.
— 5 —
Copyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
Ex. 2. Reproduce the dialogue.
PHONETIC EXERCISES
Ex. 1. Transcribe and learn the pronunciation of the following
words.
Base, bias, programming, faculty, department, applicant, command,
preliminary, candidate, educational scientific, institution, philology, col-
lege, curriculum, philological, pronunciation, to recommend, convenient,
theatrical, choir, research, application, essay, requirement, laboratory, to
grant, seminar, allied, certificate.
Ex. 2. Mark the stress in the following words.
Extra-mural, part-time, full-time, well-known, well-equipped, well-
stocked, reading-list, correspondence, qualification, preparation, math-
ematics.
Ex. 3. Read and transcribe the dialogue; pay attention to the weak
forms.
Pete: Are you still studying English?
Mike: Yes, but I don’t get enough time for it. I have so many other
things to do.
Pete: It’s the same with me. I can read English now without much
difficulty, but I still find it rather difficult to speak English.
And I don’t always understand people when they speak English
to me.
Mike: We don’t hear English spoken enough I suppose. Do you
listen to the wireless programmes «English by Radio»?
Pete: Yes. That helps me to understand spoken English, but not to
speak English.
Mike: We must speak English all the time.
Pete: Yes. You are right. It’s the best way to master a language.
VOCABULARY
A. Learn the following words and word combinations
I. EDUCATION
Education — îáðàçîâàíèå, îáó÷åíèå, ïîäãîòîâ-
êà, ïðîñâåùåíèå.
— 6 —
Copyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
to give/ — äàâàòü îáðàçîâàíèå
provide education
elementary — íà÷àëüíîå îáðàçîâàíèå
(primary) ed.
secondary ed. — ñðåäíåå îáðàçîâàíèå
post-school
(further) ed. — ïîñëåøêîëüíîå îáðàçîâàíèå
higher — ed. — âûñøåå îáðàçîâàíèå
university ed. — óíèâåðñèòåòñêîå îáðàçîâàíèå
adult ed. — îáðàçîâàíèå äëÿ âçðîñëûõ
compulsory ed. — îáÿçàòåëüíîå îáðàçîâàíèå
free ed. — áåñïëàòíîå îáðàçîâàíèå
vocational ed. — ïðîôåññèîíàëüíî-òåõíè÷åñêîå
îáðàçîâàíèå
special (trade) ed. — ñïåöèàëüíîå îáðàçîâàíèå
in-service ed. — ïîâûøåíèå êâàëèôèêàöèè
liberal ed. — ãóìàíèòàðíîå îáðàçîâàíèå
physical ed. — ôèçè÷åñêîå îáðàçîâàíèå
health ed. — ñàíèòàðíîå ïðîñâåùåíèå
broad ed. — ðàçíîñòîðîííåå îáðàçîâàíèå
ed. by correspondence — çàî÷íîå îáðàçîâàíèå
computer-assisted ed. — îáó÷åíèå ñ ïîìîùüþ êîìïüþ-
òåðà
full-time ed. — îáó÷åíèå íà äíåâíîì îòäåëåíèå
part-time ed. — îáó÷åíèå íà çàî÷íîì (âå÷åðíåì)
îòäåëåíèè
education act — çàêîí îá îáðàçîâàíèè
education grant — ïîñîáèå íà îáðàçîâàíèå
education service — ñèñòåìà îáðàçîâàíèÿ
education facilities — îáó÷àþùèå ïîñîáèÿ
II. EXAMINATIONS
1) an entrance ex. — âñòóïèòåëüíûé
a final/graduate ex. — âûïóñêíîé
finals — âûïóñêíûå ýêçàìåíû
2) to take/ — ñäàâàòü/ñäàòü ýêçàìåí
pass an exam
to sit for/fail (at) — ñäàâàòü ïèñüìåííûé ýêçàìåí/
an examination ïðîâàëèòüñÿ íà ýêçàìåíå (íå
ñäàòü ýêçàìåí)
— 7 —
Copyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
to be examined — ñäàâàòü ýêçàìåí ïî (àíãëèéñêîìó)
in (English)
to be re-examined in — ïåðåñäàâàòü ýêçàìåí ïî
3) an examiner — ýêçàìåíàòîð
an examinee — ýêçàìåíóþùèéñÿ
an examining board — ýêçàìåíàöèîííàÿ êîìèññèÿ
to revise for an exam — ãîòîâèòüñÿ ê ýêçàìåíó ïî êîíñ-
from the notes ïåêòó
III. SCHOOL
1.
day — äíåâíàÿ
boarding — øêîëà-èíòåðíàò
a vocational school — ïðîôòåõó÷èëèùå
(an) private — ÷àñòíàÿ
public — ÷àñòíàÿ øêîëà â Àíãëèè íî ãî-
ñóäàðñòâåííàÿ øêîëà â ÑØÀ
independent — íåçàâèñèìàÿ (÷àñòíàÿ) øêîëà â
Àíãëèè
2.
to leave — îêîí÷èòü øêîëó
to attend school — ïîñåùàòü çàíÿòèÿ
to drop out of — áðîñèòü øêîëó
to be expelled — áûòü èñêëþ÷åííûì èç øêîëû
from
3.
a school-leaver — âûïóñêíèê
a school-leaving party — âûïóñêíîé âå÷åð
the head/ — äèðåêòîð øêîëû
principle (Am. E.)
of a school
a form/grade (AmE) — êëàññ
4.
to be on top — áûòü ïåðâûì (ïîñëåäíèì) ïî
(at the bottom) êàêîìó-ëèáî ïðåäìåòó
of the class in...
to repeat a year — îñòàòüñÿ íà âòîðîé ãîä
— 8 —
Copyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
IV. a teaching (academic) — ïðîôåññîðñêî-ïðåïîäàâàòåëüñ-
staff/faculty (AmE) êèé ñîñòàâ
a lecturer — ëåêòîð, ñòàðøèé ïðåïîäàâàòåëü
a tutor — a) íàñòàâíèê, ðóêîâîäèòåëü ãðóï-
ïû ñòóäåíòîâ â óíèâåðñèòåòå
(BrE); b)ìëàäøèé ïðåïîäàâàòåëü,
àññèñòåíò (AmE)
V. CLASSES
a class in English ( Grammar, Speech Practice, Phonetics, Home
Reading)
a seminar on Lexicology (Stylistics, Linguistics)
a lecture on Literature (the History of England)
to take notes at a lecture on
to attend/to miss classes/lectures
a syllabus — ó÷åáíûé ïëàí
a curriculum — ïðîãðàììà îáó÷åíèÿ
VI.
to mark (Br) — îöåíèâàòüçíàíèÿ, ñòàâèòüîöåíêó
to grade (Am)
to prompt — ïîäñêàçûâàòü
to swot (up) — çóáðèòü
to cheat — øïàðãàëèòü
a cheat sheet — øïàðãàëêà
to crib (from/off) — ñïèñûâàòü
a timetable — ðàñïèñàíèå
a timetable change — èçìåíåíèå â ðàñïèñàíèè
to have a good — õîðîøî çíàòü ïðåäìåò/õîðîøî
command of a subject/ óñïåâàòü ïî ïðåäìåòó
to be good at a subject
(to do well in a subject)
to work by fits and starts — ðàáîòàòü óðûâêàìè/íå ñèñòåìàòè-
÷åñêè
to fall (get, lag) behind — îòñòàâàòü îò ãðóïïû ïî ãðàìà-
the group in grammar òèêå
to catch up with — äîãíàòü ãðóïïó
the group
to lack fluency — ãîâîðèòü ìåäëåííî (íå õâàòàåò
áåãëîñòè)
— 9 —
Copyright ОАО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
to help smb. with grammar (in smb’s work)
to give a mark (credit) — ïîñòàâèòü îöåíêó, çà÷åò
to get a mark (a five, a four) in a subject (for a paper)
a test paper in grammar
VII. a student — ñòóäåíò (Br); ñòóäåíò, øêîëüíèê
ñòàðøèõ êëàññîâ, ó÷àùèéñÿ (Am)
an undergraduate — ñòóäåíò (Br)
a graduate — âûïóñêíèê, îêîí÷èâøèé ÂÓÇ
a post-graduate — àñïèðàíò
a faculty — ôàêóëüòåò
a department — îòäåëåíèå
Bachelor of Arts (BA) — (a title for someone who has) a first
university degree=áàêàëàâð èñ-
êóññòâ (ãóìàíèòàðíûõ íàóê)
Bachelor of Science (BSc)— (a title for someone who has) a first
university degree in a science subject
= áàêàëàâð íàóê (åñòåñòâåííî-
ìàòåìàòè÷åñêèõ)
Master of Arts (MA) — (a title for someone who has) a
university degree at the first level
above the BA = ìàãèñòð èñêóññòâ
(ãóìàíèòàðíûõ íàóê)
Master of Science(MSc) — (a title for someone who has) a
university degree in science at the
first level above the BSc = ìàãèñòð
íàóê (åñòåñòâåííî- ìàòåìàòè÷åñ-
êèõ)
VOCABULARY EXERCISES
Ex. 1. Translate the sentences into Russian. Be ready to give
their back translation.
1.Education is compulsory for all children in Britain between
the ages of 5 and 16.
2.She’s a full-time student at the University.
3.I obtained my diploma by correspondence, but it’s none the
less valuable for that.
4.Did you pass your history exam?
— 10 —
