Table Of ContentTrace Elements and Free Radicals
in Oxidative Diseases
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Trace elements and free radicals in oxidative diseases / editors,
Alain E. Favier, Jean Nève, Patrice Faure.
p. cm.
Proceedings of the 4th International Congress on Trace Elements in
Medicine and Biology.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 0-935315-53-5: $75.00
1. Free radicals (Chemistry)—Pathophysiology—Congresses.
2. Trace elements in the body—Congresses. 3. Antioxidants—
Congresses. 4. Membrane lipids—Peroxidation—Congresses.
I. Favier, Alain, 1945– . II. Nève, Jean, 1951– . III. Faure,
Patrice. IV. International Congress on Trace Elements in Medicine
and Biology (4th : : )
RB170.T72 1994 94-10023
616.07’1—dc20 C
Printed in the United States of America with vegetable oil-based inks.
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
00 99 98 97 96 95 94 5 4 3 2 1
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
Trace Elements and Free Radicals
in Oxidative Diseases
Editors
Alain E. Favier
Université de Grenoble
Grenoble, France
Jean Nève
Université Libre de Bruxelles
Bruxelles, Belgium
Patrice Faure
Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Grenoble
Grenoble, France
AOCS
PRESS
Champaign, Illinois
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
Preface
A very important discovery in human medicine and biology was the overproduction
of oxygen free radical species in a very large number of human diseases. They are
responsible for biochemical lesions, lipid peroxidation, oxidation of DNA and pro-
teins, etc. This situation is now called “oxidative stress” and, in a number of cases,
appears to be one of the molecular factors responsible for the development of dis-
eases. Depending on the nature of the radical produced, the tissue, the subcellular lo-
calization of the oxidative stress, and other associated factors (virus, dislipidemia), the
clinical picture will be extremely different: cancer, impaired immunity, inflammation,
dementia, etc. In other diseases (HIV infection, diabetes, etc.), oxidative stress appears
only secondarily to the installation of the pathology, following the activation of
phagocytotic cells or nutritional disorders; but it will be responsible for aggravation
and for complications, in particular in infectious processes in vascular diseases. All
of these pathologies are assembled under the term “oxidative diseases.”
The 4th International Congress on Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
has attempted to review the participation of trace elements in the development of
these diseases. Trace elements actually play a predominant role in the production of
oxygen free radicals. They are involved both in mechanisms generating these molec-
ular species—whose reactions are catalyzed by traces of iron, copper, aluminum, or
other toxic trace elements—and in the defense mechanisms of the organism, using
a number of iron, copper, zinc, or manganese antioxidant enzymes. The same trace
element may, according to its concentration or chemical form, be a pro- or antioxi-
dant. In addition, trace elements act synergistically with other antioxidants, vitamins,
and polyphenols by modifying their properties or their metabolism.
There has been and still is considerable research activity in these fields, lead-
ing to a better understanding of important human diseases and opening possibilities
for therapy or prevention that involve better nutrition and the development of new
synthetic drugs that complex toxic metals or that minic metalloenzymes.
This Congress, organized by SFERETE, the SFRR, and SFBC under the
auspices of the INSERM, was held in Chamonix in an impressive framework oppo-
site the highest peak in Europe (Mont Blanc), surrounded by its glaciers. In this lofty
setting, excellent scientific exchanges occurred, and this book—which includes the
plenary lectures at the Congress—is a reflection of the high scientific level there.
We thank those who have reviewed the book. We also thank all the
participants, who came from a large number of countries and from very different
v
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
vi Preface
horizons: the specialists in inorganic chemistry, free radicals, lipids, and nutrition who
contributed to this multidisciplinary work. Their diverse but complementary back-
grounds facilitated a comprehensive overview of these complex phenomena. Finally,
we thank all the members of the organizing committee and the numerous industry
leaders whose assistance made this scientific event possible, especially those at the
Labcatal Laboratory, whose support was particularly generous.
A. Favier
J. Nève
P. Faure
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
Contents
Preface .................................................................................................v
Free Radical Stresses and Their Interaction with Trace Clements
Chapter 1 Oxidative Stress: From Basic Research to Clinical Medicine
H. Sies ...................................................................................................1
Regulation and Expression of Genes
Chapter 2 Regulation of Iron Metabolism in Eukaryotic Cells
T. Rouault and R. Klausner ...................................................................8
Chapter 3 Differential Regulation of Heat Shock Proteins and Heme
Oxygenase During Phagocytosis
B. Polla, E. Mariéthoz, and S. Kantengwa ..........................................12
Cancer
Chapter 4
Metal-Catalyzed Oxidative Degradation of DNA: Base Damage
and Mechanistic Aspects
J. Cadet, M. Berger, G.W. Buchko, M.-F. Incardona, B. Morin,
S. Raoul, J.-L. Ravanat, and J.R. Wagner ...........................................20
Chapter 5 Epidemiology of Selenium Status and Cancer
P. van’t Veer, P.A. van den Brandt, and F.J. Kok ................................37
Trace Element and Free Radical Status
Chapter 6 Assessment of Trace Element Status in Humans
P. Chappuis, J. Poupon, and J. Arnaud ................................................46
Chapter 7 Biological Indicators of Oxidative Stress in Humans
A.E. Favier .........................................................................................57
Cardiovascular Diseases
Chapter 8 Free Radical Production in Ischemia and Reperfusion
J.M. McCord ........................................................................................81
Chapter 9 The Potential for Free Radical Damage by Myoglobin
C. Rice-Evans ......................................................................................92
Chapter 10 Trace Minerals and Cardiovascular Diseases
R.A. Anderson ..................................................................................100
vii
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
viii Contents
Immunity and Infection
Chapter 11
Oxidative Stress and Zinc and Selenium Status in Human
Immunodeficiency Virus Infection—A Review
D.J.-M. Malvy .........................................................................................113
Diabetes, Liver and Kidney Diseases, and Inflammatory Disorders
Chapter 12
Zinc Protection Against Free Radicals in the Pathogenesis
of Diabetes
T.M. Bray, J. Wang, M.D. Noseworthy, and J.P. Phillips .......................136
Chapter 13
Trace Elements and Free Radical Damage in Hemodialysis
and Chronic Renal Failure Patients
M.-J. Richard ..........................................................................................148
Chapter 14 Liver Diseases and Free Radicals
M.U. Dianzani and M. Parola ...............................................................163
Chapter 15
Trace Element Status and Modulation of the Inflammatory Process
in Chronic Rheumatic Diseases
A. Peretz, V. Siderova, and J. Nève ........................................................175
Neurology and Aging
Chapter 16
Aluminum and Trace Element Oxidative Interactions
in the Ethiopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
P. H. Evans, E. Yano, E. Peterhans, and J. Klinowski ..........................184
Chapter 17
Biological and Immunological Effects of Trace Element
and/or Vitamin Supplementation in Elderly
P. Galan, P. Preziosi, M-J. Richard, A.-L. Monget, J. Arnaud,
B. Lesourd, A. Favier, F. Girodon, C. Laisney, C.F. Bourgeois,
H. Keller, S. Hereberg .............................................................................. 197
Radiation and Radiomimetics
Chapter 18 Radioprotection by Selenium Compounds
J.F. Weiss, V. Srinivasan, K.S. Kumar, M.R. Landauer,
and M.L. Patchen ...................................................................................211
Chapter 19
Involvement of Iron, Copper, and Zinc in the Effects of Irradiation
or Intoxication by Radiomimics
P. Bienvenu ...............................................................................................223
Chapter 20
Protection by Antioxidants Against UV-Induced Damage
M.-T. Leccia and J.-C. Béani ..................................................................233
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
Contents ix
Muscle Disorders and Sports
Chapter 21
Free Radicals and Trace Elements in Muscle Disorders and Sport
J.R. Arthur and G.G. Duthie .................................................................... 241
Effects of Environmental Exposure and Cisplatin Toxicity
Chapter 22
Iron-, Copper-, and Nickel-Containing Dust, Oxidative Stress,
Emphysema, Fibrosis, and Cancer
H. Pezerat ...................................................................................................249
Chapter 23
Role of Free Radicals in Cisplatin Toxicity: A Review
J. Poupon and P. Chappuis .........................................................................261
Nutrition
Chapter 24
Trace Element Intakes and Food Enrichment
M. Lamand, J.C. Tressol, and J. Bellanger .................................................276
Trace Elements and Therapeutics
Chapter 25
Concepts and Effects of Intervention Studies with Antioxidative
Trace Elements in Humans
J. Nève and M.-J. Richard ..........................................................................284
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
Trace Elements and Free Radicals
in Oxidative Diseases
Copyright © 1994 AOCS Press
