Three-dimensionsional child anthropometry for restraint system optimization

30 Pages·2012·3.53 MB·English

by  Matthew Reed

Three-Dimensional Child Anthropometry
for Vehicle Safety Analysis
Matthew P. Reed
Sheila M. Ebert-Hamilton
Biosciences Group
October 2012
Children in Cars
Data on the size, shape, and posture of children are needed for:
Developing ATDs!
CRS Design!
Developing Computational Models!
Optimizing Belt Restraints!
Child Anthropometry
• The most recent large-scale, detailed
study of U.S. children was conducted
by UMTRI (HSRI) in the 1970s for the
US Consumer Product Safety
Commission
• The ongoing U.S. NHANES gathers
stature, body weight, and a few other
dimensions, but this information is
insufficient for product design and
analysis
Standard Anthropometry
Anthropometers, calipers, and tape measures: 1D dimensions
Snyder et al. (1977)!
Child Body Shells
The current Hybrid-III 3YO and 6YO ATDs
are based on standard anthropometry and
3-D surface representations based on 1-D
data created in the early 1970s
6YO!
3YO! Young et al. (1975)!
Functional Anthropometry
Measure physical attributes in task-relevant conditions
Measuring posture by digitizing the Measuring belt fit
3D locations of body landmarks
Multivariate Functional Anthro
Target Body
Vehicle and Seat Geometry!
Dimensions:
Stature, Body
Weight, …!
Regression!
Whole-Body Landmark
& Joint Configurations!
Principal
Component
Analysis!
Measure Landmarks in Seated Postures!
Large Child
Omnidirectional Dummy
(Humanetics ATD)
Joint Center Location Estimates! Crash Dummy Anthro Specs!
UMTRI Child Body Shape Study
Objective: Quantify body shape and vehicle seating postures for children
ages 4 to 11
Posture and belt fit in vehicle seating
Standard anthropometry
Whole-body scanning
Subject Pool
Total 162 children (78 boys, 82 girls), ages 4 to 11
Hybrid III Reference Dimensions
Small Female Adult
6YO
3YO
10YO
Methods – Standard Anthro
23 standard anthropometric dimensions
taken to document child size
Methods match previous large-scale
UMTRI child anthropometry study (Snyder
et al. 1977) where possible