Thieme Test Prep for the USMLE®: Medical Neuroscience Q&A

537 Pages·2019·15.795 MB·English

by  Lee A. Baugh and Manas Das

Medical Neuroscience Q&A
Manas Das, MD, MS
Associate Professor
Director of Clinical Anatomy (MS-3 & MS-4)
Director of Medical Embryology (MS-1 & MS-2)
Director of Medical Histology (MS-1 & MS-2)
Division of Translational Anatomy
Department of Radiology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, Massachusetts
Lee A. Baugh, PhD
Associate Professor of Neuroscience
Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences
Director of Human Functional Imaging Core
Center for Genetics and Behavioral Health
Director, MS-1 Nervous Systems
Associate Director of Center for Brain and Behavior Research
Sanford School of Medicine
University of South Dakota
Vermillion, South Dakota
168 illustrations
Thieme
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Das, Manas, author. | Baugh, Lee A., author.
Title: Medical neuroscience Q&A / Manas Das, Lee A. Baugh.
Description: New York : Thieme, [2019] | Series: Thieme test prep for the USMLE |
Identifiers: LCCN 2018045373 (print) | LCCN 2018045693 (ebook) | ISBN 9781626235380 | ISBN
9781626235373 (paperback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781626235380 (eISBN)
Subjects: | MESH: Nervous System Diseases | Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological | Examination
Questions
Classification: LCC RC343.5 (ebook) | LCC RC343.5 (print) | NLM WL 18.2 | DDC 616.80076--
dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018045373
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Important note: Medicine is an ever-changing science undergoing continual development. Research
and clinical experience are continually expanding our knowledge, in particular our knowledge of
proper treatment and drug therapy. Insofar as this book mentions any dosage or application, readers
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and to check, if necessary in consultation with a physician or specialist, whether the dosage schedules
mentioned therein or the contraindications stated by the manufacturers differ from the statements
made in the present book. Such examination is particularly important with drugs that are either rarely
used or have been newly released on the market. Every dosage schedule or every form of application
used is entirely at the user’s own risk and responsibility. The authors and publishers request every
user to report to the publishers any discrepancies or inaccuracies noticed. If errors in this work are
found after publication, errata will be posted at www.thieme.com on the product description page.
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registered trademarks or proprietary names even though specific reference to this fact is not always
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This book, including all parts thereof, is legally protected by copyright. Any use, exploitation, or
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consent is illegal and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to photostat reproduction,
copying, mimeographing or duplication of any kind, translating, preparation of microfilms, and
electronic data processing and storage.
To Swapna, Parimal, Seema, Tutun, Mimi, and Ryan for being family
To all my students, past and present for being the inspiration
—Manas
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgements
How to Use This Series
Abbreviations
1 Gross Anatomy of the Nervous System
2 Meninges and CSF
3 Blood Supply of the Nervous System
4 Development of the Nervous System
5 Histology of the Nervous System
6 Spinal Cord
7 Medulla
8 Pons
9 Midbrain
10 Cranial Nerves
11 Ascending and Descending Tracts
12 Thalamus
13 Hypothalamus
14 Cerebral Cortex
15 Basal Ganglia
16 Cerebellum
17 Limbic System
18 Auditory System
19 Vestibular System
20 Visual System and Eye Movements
21 Olfactory and Gustatory Systems
22 Autonomic Nervous System
23 Neuroimaging
24 Comprehensive Review
Index
Preface
Neuroscience stands out for its rationality in medicine. It has fascinated the
medical fraternity for ages, and it is one of the most important (and
challenging) topics tested in competitive and standardized medical exams.
This book presents a collection of multiple-choice questions that test
neuroscientific competencies of an aspiring physician, consistent with the
testing standards of USMLE Step 1.
Most of these clinically-oriented questions are presented in a patient-
centered vignette style that is used by the National Board of Medical
Examiners (NBME). These questions link various basic science concepts
and should be helpful for the student to synthesize information that might
be obtained from a wide range of disciplines.
All questions belong to type A, i.e., there is one best answer for each.
Each question is provided with a difficulty level of easy, moderate, or hard.
While “easy” questions require, for the most part, simple recall of
information, harder questions will require analysis and application of
information. A brief explanation follows each of these questions, indicating
why the author-indicated correct answer outmatches the distractors.
Each question is tagged with a learning objective. It is a direct measure
of the learning outcome for the concept that is necessary to achieve the
desired level of LCME-outlined competencies.
The book comprises 24 chapters. These are organized primarily
according to neuroanatomical structures.
High-quality images have been incorporated throughout the text. These
should add to integration, challenge the ability to analyze and interpret, and
meet appropriate standards.
The book is also available on Thieme’s online platform. Searchable tags
(symptoms, organs, structures, etc.) have been provided with each question
for ease of navigation.
Finally, this book is not a substitute for textbooks. Nor is it intended to be
used as the primary resource for neuroscience. As with any other question
bank, the use of this book should follow an initial understanding of the
concepts gained from reading textbooks and lecture notes. The information
used in this book has been drawn from a pool of standard textbooks used in
medical schools. It is highly advisable to return to the pool for concept
clarification.
Manas Das, MD, MS
Lee A. Baugh, PhD
Acknowledgements
We would like to express our gratitude to everyone who saw us through this
book.
First, we would like to extend special thanks to the faculty and the
student reviewers of the book for their valuable suggestions.
I (Manas) would like to thank Max Rosen, the Chair, Department of
Radiology, at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, for his
constant support and encouragement.
I (Manas) would also like to thank my colleagues at the University of
Massachusetts Medical School for their support. Special thanks to Lela
Giannaris, Julie Jonassen, Cristopher Cerniglia and Susan Gagliardi for
their endorsement and well wishes.
Finally, we would like to acknowledge the role of Delia DeTurris
(Associate Acquisitions Editor, Thieme Publishers) toward this publication.
We thank her for the constant support, flexibility, willingness to
accommodate, and for keeping us on track. I also sincerely thank her for
lending us permission to use the image database of Thieme Publishers,
which accounts for a large proportion of images used in the book.