The Six-Party Talks on North Korea: Dynamic Interactions among Principal States

427 Pages·2018·4.24 MB·English

by  Mi-yeon Hur (auth.)

THE SIX-PARTY TALKS ON
NORTH KOREA
Dynamic Interactions among Principal States
MI-YEON HUR
The Six-Party Talks on North Korea
Mi-yeon Hur
The Six-Party Talks on
North Korea
Dynamic Interactions among Principal States
Mi-yeon Hur
Korea University
Sejong City, Korea (Republic of)
ISBN 978-981-10-7112-6 ISBN 978-981-10-7113-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7113-3
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017962431
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the
Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of
translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on
microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval,
electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now
known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are
exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information
in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher
nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material
contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher
remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and i nstitutional
affiliations.
Flag Images © Freepik/FlaticonCover design by Tjaša Krivec
Printed on acid-free paper
This Palgrave imprint is published by Springer Nature
The registered company is Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21- 01/04 Gateway East, Singapore
189721, Singapore
For those struggling for peace on the Korean peninsula
v
A
cknowledgments
This journey would not have been possible without tremendous support
of Professor Owen Greene, my PhD supervisor at the University of
Bradford. I am truly grateful to have benefitted from his wise and insight-
ful counsel that helped improve my research. I also want to thank
Mr. Aidan Foster-Cater for his words of encouragement and Professor
Peter van den Dungen for his wonderful friendship.
I am also very grateful to my colleagues at the Japan Institute of
International Affairs (JIIA). They made my stay in Tokyo one of the great-
est experiences of my life. My indebtedness, in particular, goes to Deputy
Director General Toshiro Iijima and Professor Hideya Kurata for their
incredible kindness and thoughtfulness.
I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to all my interviewees who will-
ingly spared their precious time to help me with the research. I am impressed
by their profound knowledge and intellectual generosity, and their scholarly
advice and critical comments have been invaluable to my research.
I also thank my editor, Jacob Dreyer, for recognizing the value of my
research and taking a chance on a new author. Many thanks to my book
reviewer, Professor Tae-hyun Nam, at Salisbury University, to whom
I owe intellectual debts for his thorough examination of my research and
subsequent suggestions for its improvement.
Lastly, I would like my parents to know that their unending love and
support have buttressed me and given me courage to take the next step
forward. I wish to express my deepest gratitude to my beloved parents.
Sejong, South Korea Mi-yeon Hur
vii
c
ontents
1 Introduction 1
Interactionist Role Theory 5
Chapter Outlines 15
References 18
2 North Korea’s Second Nuclear Crisis and Inception
of the SPT 21
Social Structure Prior to the Nuclear Crisis 23
The Second North Korean Nuclear Crisis 29
China’s Inception of the Six-Party Talks 46
Endorsement of China’s Role 55
Lessons Learned 60
References 72
3 Banco Delta Asia and DPRK’s First Nuclear Test 83
Washington Left Isolated at the Six-Party Talks 85
US Role-Making with Financial Sanctions 90
DPRK’s Nuclear Policy 103
DPRK’s Role-Making of a Nuclear Test 112
Lessons Learned 121
References 133
ix
x CONTENTS
4 Bush’s Policy Shift and February 13 Action Plan 143
Role Conception Change Inside the White House 145
February 2007 Action Plan 158
ROK’s Proactive Engagement Toward the DPRK 164
Japan’s Foreign Policy in Relation to the SPT 171
Lessons Learned 180
References 193
5 North Korea’s Second Nuclear Test 199
The SPT with Stumbling Blocks 201
DPRK Second Nuclear Test 220
Counter Roles: UN Resolution 1874 230
Structural Changes in Northeast Asia 233
Lessons Learned 239
References 250
6 Naval Crises in the West Sea and DPRK’s Third
Nuclear Test 257
Cheonan Corvette’s Mysterious Sinking 259
North Korea’s Shelling of Yeonpyeong Island 272
Structural Effects of the Naval Crises in the West Sea 279
Leadership Changes Around the Region 287
Kim Jong-un’s Defiance 293
Lessons Learned 301
References 313
7 Conclusion 323
Nexus Between the SPT and the Member States 324
What Roles Did the States Desire to Play? 328
Prevalence of Inter-Role Conflicts in the SPT Process 332
Role-Makings and Role-Takings 336
Possible Policy Implications 341
References 344
CONTENT S xi
8 E pilogue 345
What Does North Korea Want? 347
Trump’s Mixed Signals 350
Wang Yi’s Peace Proposal 352
Moonshine on the Korean Peninsula 355
References 359
Index 413
A
bbreviAtions
BDA Banco Delta Asia
CIA Central Intelligence Agency
CTBT Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
CVID Complete, Verifiable, Irreversible Dismantlement
DJ Government Kim Dae-jung Government
DMZ Demilitarized Zone
DoD US Department of Defence
DPJ Democratic Party of Japan
DPRK Democratic People’s Republic of Korea – North Korea
EU European Union
FTA Free Trade Agreement
GNP Grand National Party – South Korea
HEU Highly Enriched Uranium
HFO Heavy Fuel Oil
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
IAI Illicit Activities Initiatives
IR International Relation
IRT Interactionist Role Theory
JIG Joint Investigation Group
KCNA Korean Central News Agency
KEDO Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organisation
KIC Kaesong Industrial Complex
KPA Korean People’s Army – North Korea
LDP Liberal Democratic Party
LWR Light Water Reactor
xiii