The Management of Lithiasis: The Rational Deployment of Technology

336 Pages·1997·7.64 MB·English

by  Amanullah Memon

The Management of Lithiasis
The Rational Deployment of Technology
EDITEDBY
Ja msheer Talati
Roger A.L. Sutton
Farhat Moazam
Mushtaq Ahmed
The Aga Khan University Medical Center,
Karachi, Pakistan
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available.
ISBN 978-94-010-6270-1 ISBN 978-94-011-5396-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-5396-6
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1997
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, inc1uding photocopying, recording or by any information
storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owners.
Typeset by EXPO Holdings, Malaysia
The Management of Lithiasis
DEDICATION
To our families and mentors, and especially to Mr Robert J. McCormack, FRCS,
and Mr W. Selby Tulloch, FRCS, master craftsmen and teachers extraordinary.
Developments in Nephrology
Volume 38
A list of the titles in this series can be found at the end of the book.
Frontispiece: Artist's impression of lithotripsy [Jimmy Engineer[ (This painting was commissioned
for the book and the original hangs in the corridors of the Lithotripsy suite at the Aga Khan University
Medical Center).
.....
,..
f"; - -
Figures 1.9-1.11 Varying morphological characteristics of renal calculi.
Figure 17.1 Stone as viewed through the nephroscope
Contents
List of contributors xi
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
Acknow ledgements XIX
Section I: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND AETIOLOGY OF URINARY
TRACT CALCULI
Urolithiasis: Composition, symptomatology and pathology
A. Memon, 1. Talati 3
2 Radiology in urolithiasis
S. Hussain II
3 Epidemiology of urolithiasis in Pakistan
1. Talati, F. Khan, H. Drago, E. Lall, M.z. Khan,
A. Talati, 1. Noordzij 21
4 Urolithiasis in the Middle East: Epidemiology and pathogenesis
S.R. El-Faqih, I. Hussain 35
5 Epidemiology of urolithiasis in the Western world
K. Hamawy, S. Hussain, Y.M. 0 'Meara 43
6 Metabolic and dietary risk factors for urolithiasis
R.A.L. Sutton, 1. Talati 51
7 Oxalate and urolithiasis
R.A.L. Sutton 57
8 Familial clustering and sex incidence of urolithiasis
1. Talati 69
Section II: CHOICES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF URINARY
TRACT CALCULI
9 Decisions! Decisions!
1. Talati 79
10 Advantages and hazards of open surgery
1. Talati 85
vii
Vlll Contents
11 Choices, limitations, hazards and value of technology in the
treatment of lithiasis
J. Talati 89
12 Bioeffects of shock waves: An overview
J.E. Lingeman 95
Bioeffects of shock waves
F. Abbas 98
13 Laser fragmentation of urinary calculi
G. Watson, T.K. Shah 107
14 ESWL today: Spectrum of stone disease treated on the extracorporeal
lithotriptor
J. Talati 113
15 Management of renal stones by operation
J. Talati 115
16 ESWL for kidney stones and options for calyceal calculi
J. Talati 119
17 Percutaneous nephrolithotomy for renal stones
T. Shah, S. Hussain 125
18 Management of staghom calculi
J. Talati 133
19 Management of ureteric stones
J. Talati 137
20 Clinical results of laser fragmentation of ureteric stones
G. Watson, T. Shah 151
21 Management of vesical and urethral stones
z.A. Hotiana, J. Talati 155
Section III: ENHANCEMENT OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF
TREATMENT
22 Patients at risk for excessive post-ESWL bleeding
M. Khursheed, J. Talati 161
23 Patients with pacemakers
N. Basir 165
24 Safeguarding foetus and gonads
J. Talati 169
25 Other high-risk patients
J. Talati 171
Contents IX
26 The role of ESWL in patients with leprosy and stone disease
G. Warren 175
27 Factors determining need for multiple treatments on the Dornier HM3
J.A. Belis, G. Halenda 177
28 Factors determining need for multiple treatments: Decisions based on
stone bulk, composition and acoustic efficiency
1. Talati 183
29 Prevention of steinstrasse
J. Talati 191
30 Urinary tract infection, stones and ESWL
J. Talati 195
31 The judicious use of stents
J. Talati, M. Amanullah, S. Adil 201
32 Protection of hospital personnel
J. Talati, S. Khan 215
Section IV: HIGH TECHNOLOGY AT AFFORDABLE COST
33 Introduction: High technology at affordable cost
J. Talati 221
34 The economics of stone disease therapy: An economist's views
S.K. Qureshi 225
35 Selecting a lithotriptor: Hospital perspectives
N.M. Khan, M. Dhanani 227
36 Lithotriptor sharing
R. Vleeming, J. W. Noordzij, Th.M. de Reijke, N.F. Dabhoiwala 235
37 Cost factors in equitable care
J. Talati 245
38 Commencing and expanding lithotripsy services
J. Talati 253
39 Financing the 1ithotriptor
M. Kakalia 257
Section V: PREVENTION OF URINARY TRACT CALCULI
40 Introduction: Prevention of urinary tract calculi
J. Talati 265
x Contents
41 The residual calcular fragment: A risk factor for recurrent stone
disease
J. Talati 269
42 Primary hyperparathyroidism in urinary tract stone disease in
Pakistan and the West
J. Talati, S.R. Biyabani 275
Overview
T.S. Harrision 275
43 The role of diet in the prevention of urolithiasis
S.H. Badruddin 289
44 Systematic follow-up of patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis:
A guide for the practising urologist
N.F. Dabhoiwala 297
45 Follow-up of urolithiasis patients: A guide for urologists in
developing countries
J. Talati 301
Section VI: PAEDIATRIC UROLITHIASIS
46 Urolithiasis in children
Z. Nazir, F. Moazam 307
Section VII: BILIARY TRACT STONES
47 ESWL in gallstone therapy: History, current status and expectations
L. Greiner 345
48 Current management of gallstone disease: Perspective from a
developing country
M. Ahmed, T. Pishori 329
Epilogue
J. Dirks 337
Appendix: Non-visual laser Lithotripsy
z.x.
T.K. Shah, Jiang, G. W. Watson 339
Index 345