The Empirical Study on the Relationship between Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance ...

15 Pages·2017·0.33 MB·English

Adhyatma: A Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Human Values
Vol. 2, Issue 1- 2018
THE EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND JOB PERFORMANCE
AMONG THE EMPLOYEES’ WITH REFERENCE
TO ONGC LIMITED, SILCHAR
PARTHA PRATIM DAS*, SUBHADEEP MUKHERJEE**
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of this paper was to study the relationship between workplace
spirituality and job performance among the employees’ with reference to ONGC
Limited, Silchar. A survey was carried out through research questionnaires in this
prospect and distributed to 225 employees’ of different departments of ONGC
Limited, Silchar. Out of 225 samples, 188 were collected from the employees’ in
return. Again, out of 188 samples, 18 of them had been rejected due to
incompletion. The survey was divided into three different categories:
demographics, workplace spirituality and job performance. There were a total of
45 questions offered to 170 participants.
The data collected through the questionnaires has been analyzed with the help
of pie diagrams and Spearman’s correlation coefficient through SPSS software.
After analysis, we find that there is positive correlation between every single
workplace spirituality and job performance statements. In addition, negative
correlation were found between very few of the work place spirituality and job
performance statements. The results of this study indicates that in general, the
employees’ of ONGC Limited, Silchar considers that there is a strong positive
relationship between workplace spirituality and job performance. Spirituality in
the work environment helps to motivate the employees in carrying out their
work or assignments efficiently with full commitment and honesty. These
findings reveal that spirituality in the context of the workplace plays a significant
role in performance of the employees’.
KEYWORDS: Workplace Spirituality, Job Performance, SPSS Software, ONGC
Limited-Silchar.
INTRODUCTION
Present paper has not been explored to a great Silchar. Moreover, review of literatures is limited
extent on the employees’ of ONGC Limited, on the present study compared to Indian context.

*MBA Final Year Student, Department of Management Studies, National Institute of Technology, Silchar.
**Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, National Institute of Technology, Silchar.
Correspondence E-mail Id: [email protected]
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The Empirical Study on the Relationship between Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance among the
Employees’ with Reference to Ongc Limited, Silchar - Partha PD et al. 2
So, it is a modest attempt in the present research F. DATA COLLECTION: Collection of data has
to discover the importance of spirituality in been done through both primary and
workplace and its relationship with job secondary sources.
performance among the employees’ with • Primary Data: Primary data has been
reference to ONGC Limited, Silchar. collected through surveys with the help
of a structured questionnaire in the
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
various departments of ONGC Limited,
Silchar. The employees were approached
A. TYPE OF RESEARCH: The type of research is
directly and personally and the
descriptive in nature
questionnaires were submitted to them
B. TARGET INSTITUTION: The study has been
for getting their valuable responses. It
carried out at ONGC Limited, Silchar, Assam.
included questions that are close-ended
C. SAMPLE SELECTION: The sample units for the
and have been done on Likert scale.
study are the employees’ of ONGC
• Secondary Data: Secondary data has
Limited,Silchar, Assam.
been collected through company’s
D. POPULATION SIZE: The total number of
magazines, books, project reports,
population size for this proposed study is 350
journals, ONGC’s websites and other
as on 12.01.2018. Total questionnaires
sources.
distributed were 225, and 188 were collected
G. SAMPLING TECHNIQUE: Purposive Sampling
from the employees’ in return. Out of 188
Method has been used for conducting the
samples, 18 of them had been rejected due
survey.
to incompletion.
H. VARIABLES: The following table shows the
E. SAMPLE SIZE: The total number of sample
different types of variables along with their
size for the proposed study is 170.
factors:
Table 1.Variables
Type of Variables Terms Factors
Independent variable Workplace Spirituality Community condition
Meaning of work
Internal Life
Organizational Association
Dependent variable Job Performance Motivation
Organizational Culture
Job Content
Employee Evaluation
Financial Reward

STATISTICAL TOOL AND TECHNIQUE Correlation analysis has been carried out for
determining the impact of workplace spirituality
The collected data has been analyzed with the on employees’ job performance with reference to
help of SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social ONGC Limited, Silchar. Pie Charts have been used
Science) software. In order to extract meaningful for analyzing demographics.
information from the collected data, Spearman’s

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Adhyatma: A Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Human Values
3 Vol. 2, Issue 1 – 2018
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
DEMOGRAPHICSDATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
AGE OF THE RESPONDENTS
Table 2.Age of the respondent
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid 25-35 50 29.4 29.4 29.4
36-45 62 36.5 36.5 65.9
46-55 43 25.3 25.3 91.2
56 and above 15 8.8 8.8 100.0
Total 170 100.0 100.0

Figure 1.Age of the respondent
INTERPRETATION aged between 25-35 years, 25.3% are aged
between 46-55 years and 8.8% of the
From the above analysis it has been found that
respondents are aged between 56 and above
majority 36.5% of the respondents are aged
years.
between 36-45 years. The remaining 29.4% are
GENDER OF THE RESPONDENTS
Table 3.Gender of the respondent
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Male 157 92.4 92.4 92.4
Female 13 7.6 7.6 100.0
Total 170 100.0 100.0

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The Empirical Study on the Relationship between Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance among the
Employees’ with Reference to Ongc Limited, Silchar - Partha PD et al. 4

Figure 2.Gender of the respondent
INTERPRETATION majority 92.4% of the respondents are males and
the remaining 7.6% are females.
From the above analysis it has been found that
MARITAL STATUS OF THE RESPONDENTS
Table 4.Marital status of the respondent
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Married 126 74.1 74.1 74.1
Unmarried 44 25.9 25.9 100.0
Total 170 100.0 100.0

Figure 3.Marital status of the respondent
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Adhyatma: A Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Human Values
5 Vol. 2, Issue 1 – 2018
INTERPRETATION majority 74.1% of the respondents are married
and the remaining 25.9% are unmarried.
From the above analysis it has been found that
PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION OF THE RESPONDENTS
Table 5.Professional qualification of the respondent
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid HSSLC 5 2.9 2.9 2.9
Graduate 95 55.9 55.9 58.8
Post Graduate 39 22.9 22.9 81.8
Technical 26 15.3 15.3 97.1
Professional 4 2.4 2.4 99.4
Others 1 .6 .6 100.0
Total 170 100.0 100.0

Figure 4.Professional Qualification of the respondent
INTERPRETATION are of technical background, 2.9% are HSSLC
passed, 2.4% are of professional background and
From the above analysis it has been found that
0.6% of the respondents belong to other
majority 55.9% of the respondents are graduates.
background apart from the mentioned above.
The remaining 22.9% are post graduates, 15.3%
NATURE OF JOB OF THE RESPONDENTS
Table 6.Nature of job of the respondent
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Administrative 116 68.2 68.2 68.2
Technical 51 30.0 30.0 98.2
Others 3 1.8 1.8 100.0
Total 170 100.0 100.0

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The Empirical Study on the Relationship between Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance among the
Employees’ with Reference to Ongc Limited, Silchar - Partha PD et al. 6

Figure 5.Nature of job of the respondent
INTERPRETATION administrative departments. The remaining 30%
belong to technical departments and 1.8% of the
From the above analysis it has been found that
respondents belong to other categories apart
majority 68.2% of the respondents belong to
from the mentioned above.
EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF THE RESPONDENTS
Table 7.Employment status of the respondent
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Permanent 143 84.1 84.1 84.1
Temporary 14 8.2 8.2 92.4
Contractual 13 7.6 7.6 100.0
Total 170 100.0 100.0

Figure 6.Employment status of the respondent
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Adhyatma: A Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Human Values
7 Vol. 2, Issue 1 – 2018
INTERPRETATION permanent basis. The remaining 8.2% work on
temporary basis and 7.6% of the respondents
From the above analysis it has been found that
work on contractual basis.
majority 84.1% of the respondents work on
LENGTH OF SERVICE OF THE RESPONDENTS
Table 8.Service length of the respondent
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid <5 years 58 34.1 34.1 34.1
>5 years but <10 YEARS 43 25.3 25.3 59.4
>10 years but <15 years 43 25.3 25.3 84.7
>15 years but <20 years 17 10.0 10.0 94.7
>30 years 9 5.3 5.3 100.0
Total 170 100.0 100.0

Figure 7.Service length of the respondent
INTERPRETATION RELIABILITY TEST
From the above analysis it has been found that The reliability tests have been performed to
majority 34.1% of the respondents have worked calculate the value of Cronbach's alpha for each
for less than 5 years. The remaining 25.3% have of the Workplace Spirituality and Job
worked for more than 5 years but less than 10 Performance variables. Cronbach's alpha is a
years, 25.3% have worked for more than 10 years measure of interior consistency, that is, the
but less than 15 years, 10% have worked for means by which an arrangement of things are
more than 15 years but less than 20 years and closely related. It is thought to be a measure of
5.3% of the respondents have worked for more scale consistency. The value ofCronbach’s alpha
than 30 years. coefficient should be above 0.7 (Nunnally, 1978).
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The Empirical Study on the Relationship between Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance among the
Employees’ with Reference to Ongc Limited, Silchar - Partha PD et al. 8
RELIABILITY TEST OF WORKPLACE RELIABILITY TEST OF JOB PERFORMANCE
SPIRITUALITY VARIABLES VARIABLES
Table 9 Table 10
Cronbach's Alpha N of Items Cronbach's Alpha N of Items
.903 19 .822 19

The results from Table 9 shows that the The results from Table 10 shows that the
Cronbach’s alpha coefficient is 0.903 signifying Cronbach’s alpha coefficient is 0.822 signifying
excellent consistency among the items. good consistency among the items.
PATH ANALYSIS
PATH ANALYSIS OFWORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY VARIABLES
Table 11.Path analysis of workplace spirituality variables
Scale Mean if Scale Variance if Corrected Item-Total Cronbach's Alpha if
Item Deleted Item Deleted Correlation Item Deleted
WPS1 31.09 76.471 .224 .909
WPS2 31.30 74.614 .515 .899
WPS3 31.36 72.576 .640 .896
WPS4 31.31 71.409 .608 .897
WPS5 31.38 73.847 .537 .899
WPS6 31.42 72.790 .617 .896
WPS7 31.35 73.198 .571 .898
WPS8 31.34 74.475 .501 .900
WPS9 31.41 75.106 .467 .900
WPS10 31.37 73.087 .581 .897
WPS11 31.37 73.844 .526 .899
WPS12 30.90 74.233 .381 .904
WPS13 31.33 70.814 .657 .895
WPS14 31.29 72.280 .586 .897
WPS15 31.41 71.462 .636 .896
WPS16 31.36 71.878 .618 .896
WPS17 31.35 72.382 .623 .896
WPS18 31.30 73.264 .586 .897
WPS19 31.42 73.842 .619 .897

Table 11 shows that each of the 19 Workplace consistency among the items and this proves the
Spirituality variables has Cronbach’s alpha validity of the data.
coefficient values above 0.8 signifying good

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Adhyatma: A Journal of Management, Spirituality, and Human Values
9 Vol. 2, Issue 1 – 2018
PATH ANALYSIS OFJOB PERFORMANCE VARIABLES
Table 12.Path analysis of job performance variables
Scale Mean if Scale Variance if Corrected Item-Total Cronbach's Alpha if
Item Deleted Item Deleted Correlation Item Deleted
JP1 34.59 56.054 .497 .812
JP2 34.58 55.996 .494 .812
JP3 34.41 55.840 .447 .813
JP4 34.38 55.100 .480 .811
JP5 34.29 53.570 .560 .806
JP6 34.24 53.033 .602 .804
JP7 34.38 53.822 .555 .807
JP8 34.30 54.389 .497 .809
JP9 34.42 57.653 .340 .818
JP10 33.05 62.258 -.152 .847
JP11 32.66 63.301 -.209 .854
JP12 34.46 53.208 .626 .803
JP13 34.41 54.041 .335 .820
JP14 34.18 52.067 .595 .803
JP15 34.23 53.988 .536 .807
JP16 34.25 52.826 .522 .807
JP17 34.35 54.017 .549 .807
JP18 34.02 53.881 .502 .809
JP19 33.87 53.025 .451 .812

Table 12 shows that each of the 19 Job • Bivariate normally distributed
Performance variables have Cronbach’s alpha
Spearman’s correlation coefficient is a statistical
coefficient values above 0.8 signifying good
measure of the strength of a monotonic
consistency among the items and proves the
relationship between paired data.
validity of the data.
The correlation coefficient can range in value
SPEARMAN'S CORRELATION COEFFICIENT
from −1 to +1. The larger the absolute value of
DEFINITION
the coefficient, the stronger the relationship
between the variables.
The Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient is
the non-parametric statistical method that
The sign of the coefficient indicates the direction
determines the strength of correlation between
of the relationship. If both variables tend to
the two variables. This method is applied to the
increase or decrease together, the coefficient is
ordinal set of numbers, which can be organized
positive. If one variable tends to increase as the
one after the other so that ranks can be given to
other decreases, the coefficient is negative. We
each. The Spearman’s Rank Correlation
have considered a significance level (denoted as
Coefficient does not require the following data
α or alpha) of 0.05. The p-value tells us whether
assumptions to hold:
the correlation coefficient is significantly different
• Interval or ratio level; from 0. (A coefficient of 0 indicates that there is
• Linearly related; no linear relationship)
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The Empirical Study on the Relationship between Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance among the
Employees’ with Reference to Ongc Limited, Silchar - Partha PD et al. 10
P-value ≤ α: The correlation is statistically J.P.7. This signifies that the organization
significant examines the career development of the
employees’ and rewards those who have
P-value > α: The correlation is not statistically
innovativeness and risk taking abilities in
significant
their work.
5. The fifth statement of Workplace Spirituality
FINDINGS FROM THE OVERALL STUDY
i.e. WP.S.5 is found to have the strongest
The following findings have been derived on the positive correlation with the fourth
basis of strongest positive correlation between statement of Job Performance i.e. J.P.4. This
Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance signifies that proper training and
variables as mentioned in table 13: development programs motivates the
employees’ in carrying out their work
1. The first statement of Workplace Spirituality
honestly which ultimately helps them to be
i.e. WP.S.1 is found to have the strongest
successful in their profession.
positive correlation with the first statement
6. The sixth statement of Workplace Spirituality
of Job Performance i.e. J.P.1. This signifies
i.e. WP.S.6 is found to have the strongest
that employees’ feeling of cheerfulness
positive correlation with the sixth statement
inside the working environment motivates
of Job Performance i.e. J.P.4. This signifies
them to work more sincerely towards their
that employees’ create connections among
organization as they believe that they have
the staffs to recognize themselves inside the
been acknowledged for their commitment to
organization and thus they are committed to
their work.
the achievement of the organization.
2. The second statement of Workplace
7. The seventh statement of Workplace
Spirituality i.e. WP.S.2 is found to have the
Spirituality i.e. WP.S.7 is found to have the
strongest positive correlation with the first
strongest positive correlation with the first
statement of Job Performance i.e. J.P.1. This
statement of Job Performance i.e. J.P.1. This
signifies that employees’ feeling of
signifies that motivated and dedicated
availability with the world at the bigger
employees’ cooperate among themselves to
setting of the organization motivates them to
determine the contentions and issues
carry out their work genuinely when they
emphatically in an organization.
realized that they have been acknowledged
8. The eighth statement of Workplace
for their commitment towards the
Spirituality i.e. WP.S.8 is found to have the
organization.
strongest positive correlation with the sixth
3. The third statement of Workplace Spirituality
statement of Job Performance i.e. J.P.6. This
i.e. WP.S.3 is found to have the strongest
signifies that an employee’s dedication
positive correlation with the twelfth
towards the achievement of the organization
statement of Job Performance i.e. J.P.12. This
can be seen by his/her prolonged help
signifies that appreciation of social
towards another associate when needed.
relationship among the representatives
9. The ninth statement of Workplace Spirituality
inside the workplace helps them in their
i.e. WP.S.9 is found to have the strongest
career growth.
positive correlation with the seventh
4. The fourth statement of Workplace
statement of Job Performance i.e. J.P.7. This
Spirituality i.e. WP.S.4 is found to have the
signifies that recognition and rewards given
strongest positive correlation with the
to employees’ for their innovativeness and
seventh statement of Job Performance i.e.
risk taking abilities in their work help reduce
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