The easy guide to focused history taking for OSCEs

293 Pages·2017·12.461 MB·English

by  McCollum, David

The Easy
Guide to
Focused History Taking for
OSCEs
Second Edition

The Easy
Guide to
Focused History Taking for
OSCEs
Second Edition
David McCollum
MB ChB
GP Registrar, Leeds
Boca Raton London New York
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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data
Names: McCollum, David (Doctor), author.
Title: The easy guide to focused history taking for OSCEs / David McCollum.
Other titles: Focused history taking for OSCEs | Easy guide to focused
history taking for objective structured clinical examinations
Description: Second edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2017] | Preceded by
Focused history taking for OSCEs : a comprehensive guide for medical
students / David McCollum [and others]. c2013. | Includes index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016054173| ISBN 9781138196520 (paperback : alk. paper) |
ISBN 9781138743281 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781315181783 (master eBook)
Subjects: | MESH: Medical History Taking--methods | Physical Examination |
Examination Questions
Classification: LCC R834.5 | NLM WB 18.2 | DDC 610.76--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016054173
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
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and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
Contents
Foreword to the first edition ix
Foreword to the second edition xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xv
Author xvii
Abbreviations xix
Taking a focused history in OSCEs – The Calgary–Cambridge model xxi
General OSCE tips xxix
Tips for approaching a history-taking OSCE station xxxiii
Example history – Knee pain xxxv
OSCE marking scheme – Manchester Medical School xli
1 General medicine and geriatrics
Tired all the time 1
Falls 6
Pyrexia (adults) 9
Rash 13
Bruising 17
2 Cardiorespiratory medicine
Chest pain 21
Dyspnoea 26
Palpitations 30
Cough 34
Haemoptysis 38
3 Gastroenterology
Dysphagia 43
Haematemesis 47
Change in bowel habit (constipation/diarrhoea in adults) 51
Jaundice 55
4 Neurology
Collapse and seizures 61
Headache 65
Weakness 70
Altered sensation 74
v
Contents
5 Musculoskeletal medicine
Back pain 79
Joint pain 83
6 Surgery
Abdominal pain 87
Bleeding per rectum 92
Lumps, bumps and swellings 96
Weight loss 99
Intermittent claudication 103
7 Urology/renal medicine
Haematuria 107
Dysuria 112
Polyuria 116
8 Ear, nose and throat
Dizziness and vertigo 121
Neck lumps 125
Earache 129
Hearing impairment (adult) 133
Sore throat 137
9 Ophthalmology
Painful red eye 141
Loss of vision/blurry vision 145
10 Obstetrics and gynaecology
Gynaecological history template 151
Vaginal bleeding 153
Antepartum haemorrhage 157
Vaginal discharge 161
Subfertility 164
Urinary incontinence 168
Amenorrhoea/oligomenorrhoea 172
11 Paediatrics
Paediatric history template 177
Vomiting 179
Failure to thrive 183
Convulsions 186
Developmental delay 190
Pyrexia (paediatric) 195
Behaviour 199
vi
Contents
12 Psychiatry
Low mood/depression 203
Anxiety 207
Hallucinations/delusions 211
Forgetfulness 215
Mania 219
Alcohol history 223
Eating disorder 228
Self-harm/suicide attempt (risk assessment) 232
Index 237
vii

Foreword to the first edition
The OSCE examination or its equivalent is rapidly becoming the gold standard in how the clini-
cal knowledge, acumen and skills of undergraduate medical students and postgraduate medical
trainees are tested in a controlled and reproducible clinicomimetic environment.
In Manchester at any one time we have in excess of 2200 medical students. Our programme
is specifically designed to train students to be independent learners and to set them up for life
as doctors in the rapidly changing world of modern medicine and healthcare.
For a student, this book is a perfect learning resource for approaching a whole series of clini-
cal problems. But it goes further, eloquently showing how to construct a successful approach
to any clinical problem. I thoroughly recommend this book to all clinical students. If you read
it you will learn a great deal about specific medical problems, see how to approach common
clinical scenarios and, perhaps more importantly, learn how to analyse a clinical setting and
efficiently extract the information necessary for diagnosis and the initiation of management.
This really is a super little book that goes further than just showing how to pass an exam, but
rather equips the reader with a philosophical approach to any clinical problem. Congratulations
to all the authors, but especially David McCollum, who as a fifth-year medical student at
Manchester was the life force behind this book.
Professor Anthony Freemont
Head of Undergraduate Medical Education
and
Professor of Osteoarticular Pathology
University of Manchester
ix