Table Of Content
Jawaharlal Nehru
THE DISCOVERY OF INDIA
Contents
About the Author
Dedication
Foreword to the 2004 Edition
Foreword
Preface
Introduction
Chapter 1: Ahmadnagar Fort
Twenty Months
Famine
The War for Democracy
Time in Prison: The Urge to Action
The Past in its Relation to the Present
Life’s Philosophy
The Burden of the Past
Chapter 2: Badenweiler, Lausanne
Kamala
Our Marriage and After
The Problem of Human Relationships
Christmas 1935
Death
Mussolini; Return
Chapter 3: The Quest
The Panorama of India’s Past
Nationalism and Internationalism
India’s Strength and Weakness
The Search for India
‘Bharat Mata’
The Variety and Unity of India
Travelling through India
General Elections
The Culture of the Masses
Two Lives
Chapter 4: The Discovery of India
The Indus Valley Civilization
The Coming of the Aryans
What is Hinduism?
The Earliest Records, Scripture and Mythology
The Vedas
The Acceptance and the Negation of Life
Synthesis and Adjustment. The Beginnings of the Caste System
The Continuity of Indian Culture
The Upanishads
The Advantages and Disadvantages of an Individualistic Philosophy
Materialism
The Epics. History, Tradition, and Myth
The Mahabharata
The Bhagavad Gita
Life and Work in Ancient India
Mahavira and Buddha: Caste
Chandragupta and Chanakya: The Maurya Empire Established
The Organization of the State
Buddha’s Teaching
The Buddha Story
Ashoka
Chapter 5: Through the Ages
Nationalism and Imperialism under the Guptas
South India
Peaceful Development and Methods of Warfare
India’s Urge to Freedom
Progress versus Security
India and Iran
India and Greece
The Old Indian Theatre
Vitality and Persistence of Sanskrit
Buddhist Philosophy
Effect of Buddhism on Hinduism
How did Hinduism Absorb Buddhism in India?
The Indian Philosophical Approach
The Six Systems of Philosophy
India and China
Indian Colonies and Culture in South-East Asia
The Influence of Indian Art Abroad
Old Indian Art
India’s Foreign Trade
Mathematics in Ancient India
Growth and Decay
Chapter 6: New Problems
The Arabs and the Mongols
The Flowering of Arab Culture and Contacts with India
Mahmud of Ghazni and the Afghans
The Indo-Afghans. South India. Vijayanagar. Babar. Sea Power
Synthesis and Growth of Mixed Culture. Purdah. Kabir. Guru Nanak. Amir Khusrau
The Indian Social Structure. Importance of the Group
Village Self-Government. The Shukra Nitisara
The Theory and Practice of Caste. The Joint Family
Babar and Akbar: The Process of Indianization
The Contrast between Asia and Europe in Mechanical Advance and Creative Energy
Development of a Common Culture
Aurungzeb Puts the Clock Back. Growth of Hindu Nationalism. Shivaji
The Marathas and the British Struggle for Supremacy. Triumph of the British
The Backwardness of India and the Superiority of the English in Organization and Technique
Ranjit Singh and Jai Singh
The Economic Background of India: The Two Englands
Chapter 7: The Last Phase (1): Consolidation of British Rule and Rise of Nationalist Movement
The Ideology of Empire. The New Caste
The Plunder of Bengal Helps the Industrial Revolution in England
The Destruction of India’s Industry and the Decay of Her Agriculture
India Becomes for the First Time a Political and Economic Appendage of Another Country
The Growth of the Indian States System
Contradictions of British Rule in India. Ram Mohan Roy. The Press. Sir William Jones. English
Education in Bengal
The Great Revolt of 1857. Racialism
The Techniques of British Rule: Balance and Counterpoise
Growth of Industry: Provincial Differences
Reform and Other Movements among Hindus and Muslims
Kemal Pasha. Nationalism in Asia. Iqbal
Heavy Industry Begins. Tilak and Gokhale. Separate Electorates
Chapter 8: The Last Phase (2): Nationalism Versus Imperialism
Helplessness of the Middle Classes. Gandhi Comes
The Congress Becomes a Dynamic Organization under Gandhi’s Leadership
Congress Governments in the Provinces
Indian Dynamism versus British Conservatism in India
The Question of Minorities. The Muslim League: Mr M.A. Jinnah
The National Planning Committee
The Congress and Industry: Big Industry versus Cottage Industry
Government Checks Industrial Growth. War Production is Diversion from Normal Production
Chapter 9: The Last Phase (3): World War II
The Congress Develops a Foreign Policy
The Congress Approach to War
Reaction to War
Another Congress Offer and its Rejection by the British Government. Mr Winston Churchill
Individual Civil Disobedience
After Pearl Harbour. Gandhi and Non-Violence
Tension
Sir Stafford Cripps Comes to India
Frustration
The Challenge: Quit India Resolution
Chapter 10: Ahmadnagar Fort Again
The Chain of Happening
The Two Backgrounds: Indian and British
Mass Upheavals and their Suppression
Reactions Abroad
Reactions in India
India’s Sickness: Famine
India’s Dynamic Capacity
India’s Growth Arrested
Religion, Philosophy, and Science
The Importance of the National Idea. Changes Necessary in India
India: Partition or Strong National State or Centre of Supra-national State?
Realism and Geopolitics. World Conquest or World Association. The U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R.
Freedom and Empire
The Problem of Population. Falling Birth-Rates and National Decay
The Modern Approach to an Old Problem
Epilogue
Postscript
Allahabad 29th December 1945
Footnotes
Chapter 1: Ahmadnagar Fort
Chapter 4: The Discovery of India
Chapter 5: Through the Ages
Chapter 6: New Problems
Chapter 7: The Last Phase (1): Consolidation of British Rule and Rise of Nationalist Movement
Chapter 8: The Last Phase (2): Nationalism Versus Imperialism
Chapter 9: The Last Phase (3): World War II
Chapter 10: Ahmadnagar Fort Again
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