The deep-sea Buccinoidea (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) of the Scotia Sea and adjacent abyssal plains and trenches

2004·18.1 MB·

THENAUTILUS118(1):1-42,2004 Pagel
The deep-sea Buccinoidea (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) of the
Scotia Sea and adjacent abyssal plains and trenches
M.G.Harasewych YuriI.Kantor
DepartmentofSystematicBiology SevertzovInstitute
NationalMuseumofNaturalHistoiy RussianAcademyofSciences
SmithsonianInstitution LeninskiProspect33,
Washington,DC20013-7012USA Moscow117071RUSSIA
ABSTRACT [Valanginian](Traceyetal.,1993),thesepredatorysnails
have radiatedto occupymostbenthic marinehabitats
etkFureosibunuratceanctieynnawenuwamgeegsnentenereupawsh,aagnnneidnaeuewssp,nescepinewecesigweeosnf;supbseau,cncidcensie;GnweoMirsudmpfeeoafcninieensgab;ausrDctarcrceoihppneoauldnmaseo,cdnaSotpenhiw--- tmreaerntmgibideanlgrsfzroonofemttthhoeehtfaradomapililcisedsetpotNhatsshsea(rpCioliladeraskeea,nadn1d96f2rB)ou.mccStiehnveiedriaanel-
genus, newspecies, are describedfrom the Scotiatectonic have even invaded fresh water (Kantor and Kilburn,
plateandadjacentabyssalplains.OnlyBathydomusobtectus 2001;BrandtandTemcharoen,1971).
Thiele, 1912, Tromina bellaabyssicola Clarke, 1961 and T. Buccinoideansarereadilydistinguishedbytheirusu-
abyssorumLus,1993,hadpreviouslybeenreportedfromabys- allyweaklysculptured, conicaltofusiformshells,their
saldepthsoffAntarctica.Thelattertwospecieswereproposed distinctive rachiglossan radulawith multicuspid lateral
finamtihleyMguerniucsidTareo.mTihnear,efsourbes,eqaunenetwlygesnuhso,wnLustiotrboerlnoinngaitsoptrhoe- tseeentche,loofngatroecvtearlyglloanngdpraonbdoscaicsc,esassorwyelslalaisvabryytghleanadsb.-
ypdsiosestserdiobfufttohiroent,thaeaxsnoednaodbmiyivscesrapsllitaaycneodmfehtnahtde,al2g9eboubgcurccaicpnihoniicodaieldaeanannsdpgebecaniteehsry.ameAptnrraelis-c- ThhaevierbereelnatviaornisohuispslytiontoetrhpererteNde,ograasntgrionpgofdra,omhboawseavlert,o
entlyknownfromAntarcticaandtheMagellanicProvincehave derived(e.g., Ponder, 1974; PonderandWaren, 1988;
shownthattheabyssal(>2200m)buccinoideanfaunaofthe PonderandLindberg, 1996;Kantor, 1996;Harasewych
regionsharesnogenerawiththesublittoralorbathyalfaunas. etal.,1997).Whileanumberofauthorshaveattributed
Noneofdiesl\abyssalgeneraconformreadilytothesubfam- differenttaxonomicranksto Buccinoideaanditscom-
iliesrepresentedbythesublittoralorbathyalfaunas.Credible ponent higher taxa (e.g., Powell, 1929; Thiele, 1929;
sistertaxaandlikelyoriginsforsomeabyssalgeneraoccuron Wenz, 1938; Ponder, 1974; PonderandWaren, 1988),
bbtGaheetenhfeayordauijlncadcadenionvdtnercaasobibnytytsysissndaaeellnctprbaleulaacissncelsisonpbowee.iiytdFoheonairndnoctftrhaheeueanrsAasin,snt,gcalrwdochestiepisltctehcrofebolnaravttehbiryvogemtseehntmcrtaehiy.ec pttohhseeirtehiioissntolriotyftloetfhdeithsgeargohruiepge.hmeeWrnetclaahssastdiofietcaharteliiomenronobforpibehufycllyciyrneoorviidceeowamen-sd
rangetendstoincrease.Forabyssalbuccinoideans,maximum (HarasewychandKantor,1999),whichisbasedprimarily
genericdiversityoccursbetween2600and3200meters.The ondifferencesinshell,opercularandradularmorphol-
proportionofmonotypicgeneraintheAntarcticandMagel- ogies applied to regional faunas (e.g., Powell, 1929,
lanicProvincesisextraordinarilyhigh(48.3%),andmaybean 1951,SouthernOceans;HabeandSato,1973,Northern
artefactoflowsamplingdensityexacerbatedbydifficultiesin Pacific;BouchetandWaren, 1985,NortheasternAtlan-
differentiatingcloselyrelatedspecies. Neithergigantismnor tic).WecontinuetoretainprovisionallytheuseofBuc-
dhttahhwbeoaisrterfiaionnsgfgmeetiihstiehneevrsbiiatdzsheeesentunoapifnrprtethorhewesslcaoobwpyniesttsihoanrleincnbtocuanrclteciaisnsnleionontpgiaedldeeaarprniteshef..asumInGanael.tlnheeRerartaathbheyiarsnn,-- rc(ai1nn9ku5,1l)i,dfaoerwittahhneoduatnittsniebcoseursbesdaailrviimlsyeiomnebsne,drosarssiondfgeftihtnheeeidBrucbtcyaixnoPonoiowdmeeialc,l
salzone,maximumshellsizeisreachedneartheboundaiyof pendingthe availabilityofsufficientanatomicaland/or
thecontinentalriseandabyssalplain,andsubsequentlyde- moleculardataforameaningfulphvlogeneticrevisionof
creaseswithincreasingdepth. the highertaxaofBuccinoideaon aglobalbasis. The
subfamilial assignments of presently known buccino-
ideangenerathatoccursouthofdieAntarcticConver-
INTRODUCTION gence,aswellasthosefromtheMagellanicProvinceare
reviewed(Appendix1)and,insomecases,revised.
The Buccinoidea are the most geographically wide- OurcontinuingstudiesoftheBuccinoidearepresent-
spread and ecologically diverse clade'within the Neo- ed in the collections assembled bythe United States
gastropoda.FirstappearingduringtheEarlyCretaceous AntarcticProgram (USAP)haverevealedanumberof
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THENAUTILUS,Vol. 118,No. 1
previouslyundescribedtaxafromtheabyssalplainsand teriorly. Posterioroesophagusformscropbeforeenter-
trenchesonandadjacenttotheScotiaPlate.Thesetaxa ingsimple,U-shapedstomach,whichhasawell-defined
aredescribedherein, andtheiraffinitiestootherAnt- gastricshield.
arcticandabyssalbuccinoideansarediscussed. Etymology: ThisgenusisnamedafterSpike,aCor-
nishRexcatthatbelongstotheseniorauthorsdaughter
MATERIALSANDMETHODS Stephanie.
TfhriosmrtehpeoratbyisssablassetdatipornismasraimlpyloendbbuycctihneoiUdneiatnesdsSotratteeds Spikebuccinumstephaniaenewspecies
AntarcticProgram (USAP)vessels R/VIslas Orcadas (Figures1-23,Table1)
taNianotdniaolRn/amVlateEMrliutasla,eniusnmamaponlfdeNdhaotbuuysratelhdeiHGnisettrhomeraycno(lvUleeSscNsteiMlo)n.sR/oVAfdPdtoih--e aD1ne9t.se9crrimoirmp,t)i,eornov:edreydSthshepilinlr,e.(tFriPagrnuosrtleuoscceo1nn-tc3,,ho5(v-aF7ti,eg,u9r,wei1t01h)1),srmoakulnnlod(wetndo
Cloalrlsetcteironn,aMnudniinchthe(ZcSoMl)lecwteiroenomfadtheeaZvaoiollaobgliecatlhrSotuagthe farmoetmerafsrinogmle0.j4uvmenmileto(P3.a5ramtymp,ei1n2)2,%inscmroeaostihn,geivnendliy-
thekindnessofEnricoSchwabeandMichaelSchrodl. rounded,pittedwhorls.Transitiontoteleoconchdistin-
In the material examined sections, "specimen" de- guishedbyslightchangeincolor,fromcreamtowhite,
notes thatapreservedanimalispresent,while "shell" and by abrupt transition from coarse, irregular axial
referstoarecordbasedonlyonanemptyshell. Ana- growthstriae,tofiner,regulargrowthlines.Protoconch
ptormeiscearlveddesscpreicpitmioennss.arReadbualsaeedwoenregrrosesmodviessdecbtyiongsrososf tarnadpoulaptpieornfwhroormlsgreorwotdhedseroinesasllugogtehsetrstshpaetcitmeelneso.coEnxc-h
wdiistshecctaiornb,onclaenandedgoulsd,inagnddileuxteadmiblneeadchus(iNnagOCalL),EcOoa4t4e0d emraoyderde.acWhho5r-l6swehvoernllsy,roofuwnhdiecdh,waliltbhuitndliasstti2nc—t2s%howuhlodrelrs,
kuSosciranng6n0ianNmgimEkloenlcetnDrslo.nIDMimigaicgtreaolsscCwoaepmree.erPaphrowoitctoehgsrsaaepdAhFsuswMieincgrreAotdaNokibeken- tastubrruaetitgoihftn,gfisnsetu,rtousnrhgeal.ryp,Apxruionasilofcolsricmnu,elpetgvureronewltylhismpliiatnceeesd.dtcSoopirvrdaeslry(s2c1fui-ln2pe9-,
claPeaphnneoTgarthtltoheu,slrhfeeLonolgp—tllho6el,w.eni0ng.nSgtgtLhha,—,bbsLrDheeA—vlilVadt—liiealonemgnnetsghtta,ehrr/eS,wuiWsdFte—hdW,siLhneSl—tlCheLfwiit—ndeatxlSthi:,pwAhhWoLonr—all ol2sthia2neor-lng2lfse5;i°no(Aa.flALLOa/wpu/hSetSoLxerL)lr,=,=lbi01rp0.o1.5va-60ed10-rl40-yy.0o5t.oh5n6vi,a7nlp,,awesnhndoeueetslfntltreiieucmmfstaalietetndceegtdfewldbrhe,oyonmreglltvi)shen.hneeoallAfrylppeerarrxrooiotujsduneberdce-dy-
width. edfromsuturetosiphonalnotch.Innerlipconsistsofa
long,straightparietalregionthatmeetstheshorter,con-
SYSTEMATICS cavely indented axial portion ofcolumella, ending in
ClassGastropodaCuvier,1797 strong siphonal fold. Columellashorterthan aperture,
OrderNeogastropodaWenz,1938 givingrisetoabroadsiphonalnotch.Parietalcallusuni-
SuperfamilyBuccinoideaRafinesque,1815 formlynarrowfromsuturetosiphonalfold.Short,weak,
FamilyBuccinulidaeFinlay,1928 siphonalfascioleandpseudoumbilicuspresent,oftenob-
SubfamilyBuccinulinaeFinlay, 1928 scuredbyerosion. Shellcoloruniformlywhite. Perios-
GenusSpikebiiccinuninewgenus tracum very thin, strawyellow in color, widi densely
spacedaxiallamellae,producingshort,finehairsatin-
Type Species: Spikebuccinum stephaniae new spe- tersectionwithspiralcords,givingshellafinelyhirsute
cies,byoriginaldesignation. appearance. Operculum (Figures4, 8) small, spanning
oDfes2c%rispmtoiootnh:,evPernoltyocroonucnhdelda,rgweho(rtlos.3.T5emlemocodniacmhetsemra)l,l w—i0t.h36suAbLt,erymeilnlaolwinsuhclberuoswnr,otbartoeaddlryelaotviavtee,topaoucpiesrpciurlaalr,
(to19.9mm),verythin,translucent,ovate,roundedan- axis.
teriorly,allbutfinal2-2%whorlseroded.Shellsculpture Anatomy (Holotype): Soft tissues (Figures 14-22)
ofsharp,closelyspaced,spiralcords.Columellaweakly compriseapproximately2Vawhorls.Mantlecavityspans
concave, shorter than aperture, producing siphonal justunder%whorl,kidney%whorl,digestiveglandand
notchwithweaksiphonalfasciole,shortpseudoumbili- gonad just under 1% whorl. Columellar muscle short,
cus.Periostracumfinelyhirsute.Operculumovate,pau- broad, comprising slightly more dian one whorl, at-
cispiral, with subterminal nucleus, spans ~Vi aperture tached to shell at rear of mantle cavity. Foot large,
length.Eyesabsent.Buccalmass,odontophoralcartilag- broadlyrectangular(L/W=1).Bodycoloryellowishtan,
eslongerdianretractedproboscis. Rachidianteethtri- withoutpigmentation.Headlargewithlong,thintaper-
cuspid, with outer cusps broader, longer than central ingtentacles(Figure15,tn),withoutneck.Eyesabsent.
cusp.Lateralteethwithlargeouter,shorterinnercusp, Nephridiumwithsemi-transparentwallsthatclearlyre-
with3-4 denticles between. Salivaryglands small, un- vealfolds. Nephridialgland(Figure 14,ng)small,very
fused.GlandofLeibleinglandularanteriorly,flaccidpos- narrow.Pericardiumorientedantero-ventrally.Digestive
M.G.HarasewychandY.I.Kantor,2004 Page3
Figures 1-11. ShellsandoperculaofSpikebuccinumstephaniaenewspecies. 1.Apertural,2.lateral,3.anddorsalviewsof
holotype,USNM896368,offSouthGeorgiaIsland,53°02'S,37°40'00"W,in3056-3102m[R/VEltanincruise9,sta.735],4.
Outerviewofoperculumofholotype.5.Apertural,6.lateral,and7.dorsalviewsofParatype1,USNM1010626,fromthetype
2lo2c°a2li2t'y.W,8.inOu4t6e4r3v^i6e4w5ofmo[pRe/rVcuEllutmanoifnPsatraa.t6y0p3e].1.109..AAppeerrttuurraallvviieeww,,PUarSatNyMpe180,1U06S3N0,ME10o1f0f6S2o9u,tShoSfafnSdowuitchherInslGaendosr,gi5a8°I2s7l'andS,,
58°04'S,37°50'W,in3255-3166m[R/VEltaninsta.699],11.ScanningelectronmicrographofprotoconchofParatype12,ZSM
Ps(hZoeollolalsro,gsi1tceamrlmnSctsracutaielseeCboAlaNlreTcaXtpIipolXni,,essMttauo.noiPpcSe6hr1)c/u1l24a01,0-2821,1m22m52,MsEcaarloe2f0fb0aS2r]oaupAtprhlrieoSswantidonwdpiirccoahttoeIscsoltnarcnahdn.ss,iti5o8n°2t4o.9t8e'leoSc,on2c5h°.15.0m0'mWs,calienb2a2r85a.p5plime,st[oRa/lVl
ige4 THENAUTILUS,Vol. 118,No. 1
Figures12-13. RadulaoftheholotypeofSpikebuccinumstephaniaenewspecies.12.Dorsal,and13.Leftlateral(30°)views
ofthecentralportionoftheradularribbon.
glandlobes (Figure 19, adg,pdg) notfused, separated Rachiclianteethwith3shortcuspsemanatingfromcen-
byovary(Figure19,ov). tral portion of broad, anteriorly deeply arched basal
wMiadntthl(eLCAaVvi~t0y.8()F,imgaunrtel2e0e):dgeMsalnigthltelycsaevrirtaytoefd.mSeidpihuomn pcluastpes..CLeantterraallctuesetphswliigthhtllyosnhgorbtaesra,lnpalrarteowfelrantkheadnblyatterwaol
long (0.42 AL), free, muscular, extendingsubstantially maincusps,outermostnearlytwiceaslongasinnermost,
beyondmantleedge.Osphradium(Figure20,os)small 3^1smaller,intermediatedenticlesvaryinsizeandpo-
(—0.4mantlecavitylength)yellowish,bipectinate,with sitionfromrowtorow,innermostdenticleoftenabutting
narrow osphradial nerve. Ctenidium (Figure 20, ct) innercusp.
large,verywide,spansabout%ofmantlecavitylength. Salivaryglands(Figures16-18,rsg,Isg)small,acinous,
The ctenidial lamellae are low. Hypobranchial gland yellowish,notfused. Rightsalivarygland(rsg)dorsalto
lacksdistinctfolds,coveredbydiicklayerofmucus. nerve ring, envelopingmostofvalve ofLeiblein. Left
Appu(rril-reg0i)sm.men3eno61ntt6te-Sand1Lru.8,my,eP0Srr.pyoo5rbsu4)otssA,eocLmfib)su,(mtFroteitdhtgheiruicarcrkckaet,tso(erpL1o/mw4lDue-esr1ncf-9glu3)tle.:h,3s)wa,(tPhFtriseaogmnbcuoohroseetrcdsheit,ts1ro6a(n-pcFo1rtin8oeg,---d sbscriaioonldndgieni.vseactrSotyoafilovigoveeleaassrtnooyidppshhdsaau(ulgecgsutugfss)si,b(leabaFrntsiede.gcruaopSrlramelosetibovo,1a"s7rcep-yiam1srbd8tu,eiscadhtlsdelsdaey)tdphcat"ohsbivsicyenkrat,nilonuoagonmtegtesnarboecooprhuthvesh-ed
boscis sheath at mid-length when proboscis retracted. agus walls immediately after entering the proboscis.
Proboscissheaththin-walled,translucentalonganterior Valve ofLeiblein (Figure 18, vL) well defined, large,
half, diickened posteriorly, but thinnerthan proboscis pyriform, withwhitish glandularpadcontainingciliary
wall.Probosciswallthick,comprising—1/10ofretracted conevisiblethroughwallsofvalve.
proboscisdiameter.Mouthopeningdorso-ventrallycom- GlandofLeiblein(Figures16-18,gL)large,massive,
pressedslit.Buccalmassmuscular,large,fillingretracted glandular anteriorly; flaccid, transparent, lacking glan-
proboscis and protruding significantlybeyondits rear. dulartissueposteriorly; opens,viashortduct,intooe-
Odontophoralcartilagespaired,fusedanteriorly,slightly sophagusjustposteriortonervering. Glandyellowish,
longer,thanretractedproboscis. Radularribbonlonger onlyslightlydarkerthan other organs ofthe cephalic
thanretractedproboscis,5.4mmlong(0.41AL),about haemocoel.
480|jLmwide(0.037AL),triserial(Figures12-13),con- Oesophagus thick anterior to nerve ring, becoming
sistingof58rowsofteeth,posteriormost6rowsnascent. thin-walled,flattenedposteriortonervering.Oesopha-
M.G.HarasewychandY.I.Kantor,2004 Page5
Figures14-22. AnatomyofSpikebuccinumstephaniaenewspecies. 14-20.Holotype,21-22.Paratype1.14.Right,and15.
Leftlateralviewsofanimalremovedfromshell.16.Left,17.ventral,and18.rightlateralviewsofanterioralimentarysystem.19.
Dorsalviewofstomach,digestiveglandsandovary.20.Mantlecavityorgans.21.Lateralviewofpenis.22.Ventralviewofseminal
vesicle.Scalebars=5mmfor14-21,1mmfor22.a,anus;adg,anteriorductofthedigestivegland;ag,albumengland;eg,
capsulegland;erne,cutmantleedge;ct,ctenidium;dg,digestivegland;gL,glandofLeiblein;go,femalegenitalopening;hg,
hypobranchialgland;Isg,leftsalivarygland;nep,nephridium;ng,nephridialgland;nr,circumoesophagealnervering;oe,oe-
sophagus;op,operculum;os,osphradium;ov,ovary;pdg,posteriorductofthedigestivegland;poe,posterioroesophagus;pr,
proboscis;prr,proboscisretractors;re,rectum;rsg,rightsalivarygland;s,siphon;sd,salivaryduct;st,stomach;tn,cephalic
tentacles;vL,valveofLeiblein.
Page6 THENAUTILUS,Vol. 118,No. 1
50°
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3000
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1000m E 3801
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typelocality
®examinedmaterial No.ofspec4i8m0e0ns 24 6 810
Figure23. GeographicandbathymetricdistributionofSpikebuccinumstephaniaenewspecies.
gus widens to form a "crop" (Figure 19, poe) before male.Seminalvesicle(Figure22)ofmediumsize,spans
enteringstomach. > Viwhorl, formedofnumerous loops. Penis (Figure
Stomach (Figures 14, 15, 19, st) relatively large, 21) long, narrow, non-pigmented, with slightly folded
broadlyU-shaped,withoutposteriormixingarea.Dueto walls.Penialpapillalong,cylindrical,surroundedbycir-
poorpreservation ofholotype itwas impossibletoex- cularfoldaroundbase.
asfDeiimrmgisienlsiaetnrithvthaeoevigLinlungastniewdrtenrladlolumdcimetnovsarelppaoahbpioyrelesdods,g.oyhrAiuogrmfhrlaty(hnFcegiuegtsumitrecoeunmltaa1cr3oih2fz)eisdnbtugdoatemsttaadriiclifh.c- T3773y°5p,4e0'13LWoS,cealpiint13y9:0635]6.-O3f1f0S2oumth[RG/eVorEglitaanIislnancdr,ui5s3e°092,'stSa,.
shield,withcrescent-shapeddorsalsidethatisliftedand Type Material: Holotype, 9, USNM 896368; Para-
significantlyprotrudedintostomachlumen. types 1-4, USNM 1010626, all from the type locality.
pmldsFraaoiyeetrrosrtsrmnitailxaelayllalmsytlnei.oytdtyufRoIpalvoientocegrpenaremrdglls,lotafyadipebnbnuptmrugiceaocnrtlacggiiedilovnaproceoonpasitdetpodSneseysirucamsnilaantgoelp,e.rlsm,wugp:illooaternphtdegFi.slnoemainamSnnldmagol,alfleabtlcleaarbptbpeeuwusprrmeuriseleonaednngucggcaaolltnlpaaitbunnveu-edd-- WAlPOmS1aa,,a0urnr1ncgdai0d[,atn6wRdy152/i3p9a39Vc26e°s,h35s2P]65sS;.ot5I-a7s-lo3.'l7Pfa1a,a2rn6SSr8,ds6o,aUstu3t,Sm16ety°,2hrp5N3een82M[Mr°.Ra2nc16/4r2y'1G.V,u09eiW1E8s1o,Z9'e0lr7S6tgi6A2nS]iMa,8N;an1,Ti92PI2Xn5a6s0o°lIr7f0acaf-X2nrt121,duSy.,11i0pos280se5ue'5t6s8ta,°.9hmW8,0,-,P4EGs1'Ste[1a6ioR,.oS1nr,/f/6UgV2139iS247S9Iao81°,sNu5-5lI3t0.8aMs'05,hs-
Male Reproductive System: Paratype 1, mature 22Mar2002].
Table1. Spikebuccinumstephaniaenewspecies.Measurementsofshellcharacters.Linearmeasurementsinmm.(n including
holotype.Juvenilespecimensexcluded).
Character Mean a Range Holotype
Shelllength(SL) 15.6 2.2 13.4-19.9 19.9
Finalwhorllength(FWL) 13.9 2.2 11.9-18.0 18.0
Aperturelength(AL) 10.3 1.7 8.3-13.2 13.2
Shellwidth(SW) 10.1 1.6 8.6-13.2 13.2
FWL/SL 0.89 0.04 0.81-0.91 0.90
AL/SL 0.65 0.03 0.60-0.68 0.66
SW/SL 0.64 0.02 0.59-0.66 0.66
Numberofspiralcordsonpenultimatewhorl 12.4 1.0 11-14 14
Numberofspiralcordsonfinalwhorl 24.6 2.9 21-29 29
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M.G.HarasewychandY.I.Kantor,2004
Other Material Examined: USNM 896337, E of umappearsmostsimilaranatomicallytoChlanidota,but
South SandwichIslands,54°51' S, 14°54' W,in3947- differsinhavingproportionallylongerodontophoralcar-
4063m,[R/VEltaninsta.1571,28Feb1966],1spec- tilages,salivaryglandsthatarenotfused,avalveofLei-
imen; USNM 1010630, E ofSouth Sandwich Islands, bleinwithaciliarycone,aglandofLeibleinthatopens
58°27' S, 22°22' W, in 4643-4645 m, [R/V Eltanin todiemid-oesophagusviaanarrowratherthanbroad
cruise9,sta.603,5May1963], 1specimen+ 1shell. duct, a broader stomach with a well-defined gastric
Distribution(Figure23): Thespeciesisfoundinthe cshoipeullda,triaxn.dataperingratherthanhemisphericalbursa
ScotiaSeaandadjacentabyssalplainsatdepthsof1967-
4645m.
Drepanodontusnewgenus
dEitoyr'msolelodgeyr:dauTghhitsers,peSctieepshainsineaAmleedxafnodrrathHearsaensieowrycahu.- Type Species: Drepanodontustatyanaenewspecies,
byoriginaldesignation.
situtkrdcgaoasefmoRamN(Cslrrlteeu.honipfSueerneuacassebewedamlindodT,mmtloCptiep,itnciui(mihthsaahrimtshiuwPtcssah.let,cthprfanotoietoeiateco,olnunt(keaaneTijnhmiroeisPtrohcsmnfniebahnteaao1hattecsd:aiddudhwei8ewsttryutseoeumwlv,e7ihirhshiptnl.eeilas5oieMplpseat,asain)utl)crahau,T1is,rtpac,.tuToglw9ceaeohsxeisnethrrl9mrhdranfsNuenpeHa1lheaf6aeoisibidvelo9isltela,ampbdrhfecco5wxhaniepsaaynpshitsb1ftebelnwcrhpumvuhaaeeh)reaiivueahfellesisinei.toratlccfelcltciotalttnthlllsilihywr,ntchyacrghelcoHiobeog,hayilevrodogumoaeteecsnBHeetntifwocyf,rCnoeinurhrhasaut.cetnrtciaaynpeaSromaiotvtehccalptcsrmpssafrnlehueirnaahseibdiaohsosenroSnwhdansockillgiapfemu,poedpseldlendifvulwrAliectcrebusdoleesleityllcikenubdidaPtaygtneianectistineoonairaayadgeacbhhckpNacuswparnesiusoaitiutcrs.ellcea,liltinhseiotyiaehcyblsoousgecrprfnihonPltfywTmboccibddusofdocehihunodiCetiiemhwhSludngit(smecnnahhoeplasc,Ko1lectiunlcraslfdaivlpaav9imnhmtantliip,rtuskisne5ceues,neearsionenrtsl1lrsrtpiinieonatbaogemtu:sali1ghodlfshsriden1lamoilnna9oea,eipad3knentgsn7olttnche1iuloeehulpdief1raicca)foa1ntfaeieeaanAtineiu9actscrStncetaaetninn9tlnoohipaheahehrannta9uieneneied.xrioriatidd-,ieim-drs--d---s-l-fs wpvwlpiDmssqosrOcnssscSreanamteroecaihiuhhhetopmflgrafoolrnucteootoosoue),illu.ipdtskhnrcrnncmanlertv,,,plottlaarbac,aiGcfciertleltllinrclldtdee-tueycereeyaphes,hvsaorod,dlsccvtnci.hebn.mdncaguteontaoitsanitoioendl,annAhmhrmtoprldnannaccaPlaparienlyealltsnoasotyiecn.d:l.eptrdeolfcuumrcsosiraasltpscpctisS,oneporsrLasEphupotcutunlnngeceiinaoePslnauyrcgekdlccigporrbrlrpevlsll,eabiahtilewaomyeeprlcmovo(yhftplulgtctexerroefen—hooofaesuulonienunwaar0rrsu.yrsncftvgscsthgllftse..eepeieaoare.soeir8yHsdlxrom,lno,rfroef2oot,O.enecLaoimlsoinnmfndmeaarhoa.lsylgaWerttsAmradbnaa,sdrinphee,.LoxgrduyhgertKserormie)gpotha—itorriimawasir,ltsuPrchawobvlinleidxltaarle,ddaeepgtdnigrinseegsetrohghigonelsdherovedeifuhnpvuolgauylateo.nrtoogluloresmnllaotawise,otssrr,ac-adhplltn.ttertykSrtsdaebgecoohedihiwrirmtir,rcvruacesngahiiaRlzau.oeosctltlenigoadlacbmeinpair.otnolcrr.ircnudon,eslsddnlgheohcrmh,eyyaOrceBslstaiio,,mpta,utinaeuodlsudwonrvpartlsrcp,alpigiamgeecUladecyerdltanateyo,eoma-rargeoetis,nchnselrb,eislporlptelu(lrstpe,hutiesiltdlmumohtcacafmphaondofbpepfeeepoloropasiisnsrrlreneergnpnrse5saesoeoeatltrsteiaii-ms6d.n---t.,lh-,,a-l--
panded this criterion to include Bathydomus Thiele, Etymology: Drepane (Gr.) sickle, odontos (Gr.)
1912,withinBuccinulinae,citingtheconchologicalaffin- tooth.Thenamereflectstheveryunusualsickleshape
itiesofBathydomustoChlanidota.Wequestionablyin- ofthe lateralteedi, consistingofalong, narrowbasal
cludeSpikebiiccinumwithindiesubfamilyBuccinulinae, platewithasingle,long,recurvedoutercusp,oftenwith
notingthepossiblypleisiomorphicsimilarityofitsradula oneormoredenticlesalongitsinneredge.
to suchboreal andtemperate taxaasNeptunea, some
Buccinum,CantharusandcertainBusycotypus. Drepanodontustatyanaenewspecies
steTphheansitareonisglayfpeaautcuirsepiitraslhaorpeesrwciutlhuamnoufmSbpeikreobfiigcecnienrua,m (Figures24-50,Table2)
among diem Neobuccinum, Parficulina Powell, 1958, Description: Shell (Figures 24-30, 33-35) large (to
Falsitromina Dell, 1990, Parabuccinum Harasewych, 43.1mm),thin,stronglyfusiform.Protoconcherodedon
Kantor and Linse, 2000, and such boreal genera as allspecimens. Earlywhorlsofholotype(Figure27)in-
Mohnia Frielein Kobelt, 1878, andPararetifusiis Ko- dicatethatprotoconchwouldlikelyhavebeen~2-2M>
suge, 1976. While operculum morphologyis undoubt- whorls, < 3mmindiameter. Transitiontoteleoconch
edlyusefulfordistinguishinggenera,itsutilityfordis- indistinct inholotype. Teleoconch estimatedtoconsist
cerningphylogeneticrelationshipsamongsupraspecific ofupto7whorls.Earlyteleoconchwhorlsslightlycon-
taxaislessclear. caveinprofile,withnarrowspiralcords.Bythirdwhorl,
Comparative anatomical datais available foronlya teleoconch becomes convex, increasingly so in subse-
veryfewbuccinulidtaxa,amongthemChlanidota(Har- quentwhorls,formingevenlyrounded,ovalwhorlswith-
asewych and Kantor, 1999) and Parabuccinum (Hara- outdistinctshoulder. Sutureabuttingontopronounced
sewych,KantorandLinse,2000).Ofthese,Spikebiiccin- peripheralcord(Figures24,33,arrow).Axialsculpture
Page THENAUTILUS,Vol. 118, No. 1
Figures24-35. ShellsandoperculaofDrepanodontustatyanaenewspecies.24.Apertural,25.lateral,and26.dorsalviewsof
theholotype,USNM1010544,NEofSoudiShetlandIslands,59°01'S,52°00'W,in3010-3510m.[R/VEltanincruise22,Sta.
1511].27.Enlargeduppershellwhorlsofholotype.28.Apertural,29.lateral,and30.dorsalviewsofParatype1,USNM881529,
EofSouthSandwichIslands,57°00.24'S,2610.06'W,in2740-2757m.[R/VEltanincruise575,sta.38].31.Outer,and32.
innerviewsoftheoperculumofParatype 1.33.Apertural,34.lateral,and35.dorsalviewsofdieshellofparatype2,USNM
SSI529.SamelocalityasParatype1.
M.G. HarasewychandY.I.Kantor,2004 Page9
Figures36-40. RadulaeofDrepanodontustatyanaenewspecies.36.Dorsal,and37.leftlateral(45°)viewsofthecentralportion
roifbtbhoen,raadnudla4r0.rilbefbtonlatoefraPlar(a45t°y)pevi1e,wUoSfNthMeb8e8n1d5i2n9g.p3l8a.neDoorfsaal,no3n9-.tylpefetslpaetecriamlen(4,5°U)SvNieMws1o0f10t5h4e5,cenAtrrgaelntpionrteiaonnBoasfitnh,e47r°a1d7u.l3a'r
S,47°45.7'W,in5685-5798m[R/VIslasOrcada,cruise575,sta.4].
ofpronouncedgrowthlines,opisthocyrtonearlywhorls, thatothers,demarcatesinflectionincurvatureofouter
becoming weaker, orthocline by fourth teleoconch lip, evenlyconvexabapically, evenlyconcave frompe-
whorl. Spiralsculptureofbroad,sharpcords (9-12on ripheral cord to tip ofsiphonal canal. Aperture large
penultimate whorl, 10-14 from suture to peripheral (AL/SL= 0.56),roughlyelliptical,deflectedfromshell
cord, 16-24fromperipheralcordtotipofsiphon)nar- axisby13-17°. Siphonalcanallong{~V*shelllength),
rower than intervening spaces, with 0^ very fine broad, open, crosses shell axis. Outerlipthin, notre-
threadsbetweenadjacentcords,especiallynearperiph- flected. Inner lip of weakly concave parietal region,
ery. Peripheralcord, slightlythickermorepronounced slightlylongercolumella, long siphonal foldextending
THENAUTILUS,Vol. 118,No. 1
Figures41-49. AnatomyofDrepanodontustatyanaenewspecies.(41-48.Paratype1.49.Paratype2,bothUSNM881529).41-
42.Lateralviewsofanimalremovedfromshell.43.Ventral,44.rightlateral,and45.leftlateralviewsoftheanterioralimentary
system.46.Latero-dorsalviewoftheanterioroesophagus,showingtheductofglandofLeiblein.Oesophagustwistedcounterclockwise.
47.Dorsalviewofstomach,dashedlineindicatestheposteriornephridialborder.48.Mantlecomplexoforgans.49.Lateralviewof
penis.Scalebars=1cmforFigures4L42,47-49,5mmforFigures43—46.a,anus;adg,anteriorductofthedigestivegland;agd,
anteriorlobeofdigestivegland;ao,aorta;eg,capsulegland;cm,columellarmuscle;one,cutmandeedge:ct,ctenidium;dgL,duet
ol glandofLeiblein;e,eye;gL,glandofLeiblein;go,femalegenitalopening;lsg,leftsalivarygland;mo,moudiopening;nep,
nephridium;ng,nephridialgland;nr,circumoesophagealnervering;oe,oesophagus;op,operculum;os,osphradium;ov,ovary;pdg,
posteriorlobeofdigestivegland;per,pericardium;poe,posterioroesophagus;pr,proboscis;prp,propodium;prr,proboscisretractors;
re,rectum;rsg,rightsalivarygland;s,siphon;sd,salivaryduct;st,stomach;vL,valveofLeiblein.