Table Of ContentFLE;8K@FEJ�F=
M8E><C@:8C�-?<FCF>P
�
K?<
IFJJ�
E;
,8CM8K@FE
-?<� F:KI@E<�F=�,8CM8K@FE
IL:<�
<D8I<JK
#F?E�, � <@E9<I> �><E<I8C� ;@KFI
THE
CROSS
AND
SALVATION
Other books in the
Foundations of Evangelical Theology Series
Published:
No One Like Him
JOHN S. FEINBERG
To Know and Love God
DAVID K. CLARK
Forthcoming topics:
Scripture
Man and Angels
Christ
The Holy Spirit
Sin
The Church
Eschatology
foundations of
evangelical theology
THE
CROSS
AND
SALVATION
the doctrine of god
8
bruce
demarest
John S. Feinberg, General Editor
CROSSWAY B OOKS
A PUBLISHING MINISTRY OF
GOOD NEWS PUBLISHERS
WHEATON, ILLINOIS
The Cross and Salvation
Copyright © 1997 by Bruce Demarest
Published by Crossway Books
a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers
1300 Crescent Street
Wheaton, Illinois 60187
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording or otherwise,
without the prior permission of the publisher, except as provided by
USA copyright law.
Cover design: Jon McGrath
First trade paperback printing, 1997
First hardcover printing, 2006
Printed in the United States of America
Scripture quotations are generally taken from the HOLY BIBLE:
NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION ®. Copyright © 1973, 1978,
1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of
Zondervan Publishing House. All rights reserved.
The “NIV” and “New International Version” trademarks are registered in the
United States Patent and Trademark Office by International Bible Society.
Use of either trademark requires the permission of International Bible Society.
Other Scripture quotations are taken from the New Revised Standard Version,
the New American Standard Bible, the New English Bible, the Authorized Version,
the Moffat translation, and the Phillips version.
To the late Frederick Fyvie Bruce,
my mentor at Manchester University,
for the powerful example of
his superb scholarship,
winsome personality,
and godly life.
c o n t e n t s
Introduction by General Editor xv
Preface xix
List of Abbreviations xxi
part one:
the plan of salvation
chapter 1 “what must i do to be saved?” acts 16:30
Introduction to the Doctrine of Salvation page 25
I. The Bible a Book About Salvation
II. Humankind’s Need for Salvation
III. Various Interpretations of Salvation
IV. The ‘Order of Salvation’
V. The Author of Salvation
VI. The Relation of Soteriology to Other Doctrines
chapter 2 “while we were still sinners” romans 5:8
The Doctrine of Grace page 49
I. Introductory Concerns
II. Historical Interpretations of Grace
A. The Natural Capacity for Doing Good
B. The Divine Enablement That Supplements
Human Initiatives
C. Universal, Undifferentiated Prevenient Grace
D. Grace Identical to Jesus Christ
E. God’s Universal, Saving Self-Communication
F. The Divine Favor That Sustains Life and Efficiently
Leads to Christ
III. Exposition of the Doctrine of Grace
A. The Language of Grace
B. The Need for Grace
C. God’s Provision of Common Grace
D. God’s Provision of Special Grace
E. Prevenient Grace
F. Effectual or Irresistible Grace?
G. Grace in Relation to Law-keeping
H. Saving Grace and Non-Christian Religions
I. Grace in Relation to the Plan of Salvation
IV. Practical Implications of the Doctrine of Grace
A. Common Grace: Care for the Created Order
B. Common Grace: Appreciate God’s Gifts in Human
Culture
C. Special Grace: Experience the Reality
D. Special Grace: Respond Appropriately
chapter 3 “jacob i loved” romans 9:13
The Doctrine of Election page 97
I. Introductory Concerns
II. Historical Interpretations of Election
A. Conditional Election
B. Corporate Election
C. Double Unconditional Predestination
D. Universal Election in Christ
E. Unconditional Single Election
III. Exposition of the Doctrine of Election
A. Election to Service
B. Election Corporately of a People
C. Personal Election in the OT: A Minor Theme
D. Personal Election in the NT: A Major Theme
E. Is Predestination Double?
IV. Practical Implications of the Doctrine of Election
A. Great Joy and Confidence in Being Chosen
B. Encouragement to Preaching, Evangelism, and Prayer
C. A Positive Stimulus to Holiness
D. Confidently Proclaim “Whosoever Will”
E. Does God “Will” All People to be Saved?
part two:
the provision of salvation
chapter 4 “christ died for sins once for all” i peter 3:18
The Doctrine of the Atonement page 147
I. Introductory Concerns
II. Historical Interpretations of the Atonement
A. The Classic or Ransom Theory
B. Satisfaction or Juridical Theory
C. Exemplarism or the Moral Influence Theory
D. Governmental or Rectoral Theory
E. Universal Reconciliation Theory
F. Penal Substitution Theory
III. Exposition of the Doctrine of the Atonement
A. The Central Importance of Christ’s Death
B. The Way of Atonement in the Old Testament
C. The Big Idea of Atonement: Penal Substitution
D. Other Atonement Motifs
E. Christ as Prophet, Priest, and King
F. The Necessity of Christ’s Death
G. The Purpose or Intent of Christ’s Death
IV. Practical Implications of the Doctrine of the Cross
A. Realize That Christ Died for You
B. Recognize That His Death Is Final
C. Allow the Cross Its Transforming Work
D. Embrace Christ as Your Prophet, Priest, and King
part three:
the application of salvation—
subjective aspects
chapter 5 “called according to his purpose” romans 8:28
The Doctrine of Divine Calling page 203
I. Introductory Concerns
II. Historical Interpretations of Divine Calling
A. Natural Ability to Answer God’s Universal Call
B. Special Ability Provided to Hearers of the Gospel
That May Be Resisted.
C. Universally Restored Ability to Obey God’s
General Call
D. A General Call That May Be Resisted and a
Special Call Effectual for Salvation
III. Exposition of the Doctrine of Calling
A. The Language of Calling
B. The External, Verbal Call
C. Why Some Hearers Are Not Saved
D. The Internal, Effectual Call
E. Why Other Hearers of the Gospel Are Saved
IV. Practical Implications of the Doctrine of Calling
A. Realize the Purposes of Your Calling
B. Faithfully Deliver the Gospel Call
C. Trust God to Give Spiritual Fruit
