The application of aerobic yeast for treatment of high strength food processing wastewater ...

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Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and
Retrospective Theses and Dissertations
Dissertations
2005
The application of aerobic yeast for treatment of
high strength food processing wastewater
containing furfural
Monchai Wongkarnka
Iowa State University
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Recommended Citation
Wongkarnka, Monchai, "The application of aerobic yeast for treatment of high strength food processing wastewater containing furfural
" (2005).Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 1821.
https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/1821
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The application of aerobic yeast for treatment of high strength food
processing wastewater containing furfural
by
Monchai Wongkarnka
A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
Major: Civil Engineering (Environmental Engineering)
Program of Study Committee:
Timothy G. Ellis, Co-major Professor
Hans van Leeuwen, Co-major Professor
Sa mir Kumar Khanal
Thomas Loynachan
Dennis Bazylinski
Iowa State University
Ames, Iowa
2005
Copyright © Monchai Wongkarnka, 2005. All rights reserved.
UMI Number: 3172254
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ii
Graduate College
Iowa State University
This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation of
Monchai Wongkarnka
has met the dissertation requirements of Iowa State University
Signature was redacted for privacy.
Co- ajorProfessor
Signature was redacted for privacy.
Co-majjo -Pfof o
Signature was redacted for privacy.
For the Maj Program
iii
DEDICATION
To my dad who passed away
before I came to the USA.
To my mom who has inspired me in everything, including my education.
She always looks forward to hearing of my success,
and I know she patiently waits for my homecoming to Thailand.
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES vii
LIST OF TABLES viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix
ABSTRACT xi
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 DISSERTATION ORGANIZATION 2
1.3 LITERATURE REVIEW 3
1.3.1 The advantages of yeast 3
1.3.2 Some examples of the application of yeast in wastewater treatment 4
1.3.3 Furfural 6
1.3.4 Retention time in wastewater treatment 9
1.3.5 Temperature in wastewater treatment 10
1.3.6 pH in wastewater treatment 13
1.4 REFERENCES 14
CHAPTER 2 BIOCONVERSION OF WASTE ORGANIC MATTER INTO
A MICROBIAL BIOMASS PROTEIN 16
2.1 ABSTRACT 16
2.2 INTRODUCTION 17
2.3 OBJECTIVES 19
2.4 METHODOLOGY 20
2.4.1 Materials 20
2.4.2 Experimental methods 20
2.4.3 Analytical methods 23
2.5 RESULTS 24
2.5.1 Chemical composition of the wastewater 24
2.5.2 Selection of the yeast cultures 24
V
2.5.3 Evaluation of the kinetic parameters and defining the range of
operating conditions at which bacterial growth can be prevented 25
2.5.4 Evaluation of the effluent quality that can be achieved 26
2.6 DISCUSSION 27
2.7 CONCLUSIONS 30
2.8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 31
2.9 REFERENCES 38
CHAPTER 3 TREATMENT OF FOOD PROCESSING WASTEWATER
CONTAINING FURFURAL USING YEAST 40
3.1 ABSTRACT 40
3.2 INTRODUCTION 41
3.3 METHODOLOGY 42
3.3.1 Materials 42
3.3.2 Analytical methods 43
3.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 44
3.5 CONCLUSIONS 46
3.6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 46
3.7 REFERENCES 52
CHAPTER 4 PRODUCTION OF AEROBIC YEAST FROM FOOD
PROCESSING WASTEWATER 54
4.1 ABSTRACT 54
4.2 INTRODUCTION 55
4.3 METHODOLOGY 56
4.3.1 Materials 57
4.3.2 Analytical methods 58
4.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 59
4.5 CONCLUSIONS 61
4.6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 62
4.7 REFERENCES 68
vi
CHAPTER 5 EFFECT OF pH ON THE TREATMENT OF FURFURAL-BASED
WASTEWATER BY YEAST 70
5.1 ABSTRACT 70
5.2 INTRODUCTION 71
5.3 METHODOLOGY 72
5.3.1 Materials 72
5.3.2 Analytical methods 74
5.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 75
5.5 CONCLUSIONS 78
5.6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 78
5.7 REFERENCES 86
CHAPTER 6 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS 88
6.1 CONCLUSIONS 88
6.1.1 Preliminary study 88
6.1.2 Effect of SRT and types of yeast cultures on reactor performance 88
6.1.3 Effect of temperature on yeast performance 89
6.1.4 Effect of pH on yeast performance 89
6.2 RECOMMENDATION FOR FUTURE RESEARCH 89
6.3 ENGINEERING SIGNIFICANT 90
APPENDIX 91
APPENDIX A: ADDITION YEAST CULTIVATION DATA 92
APPENDIX B: YEAST BIOMASS DEWATERABILITY
AND SETTLING PROPERTIES 97
APPENDIX C: DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONCENTRATION
IN YEAST REACTORS 100