Table Of ContentLEONHARD GOPPELT
TEOLOGIAD EL
NUOVO TESTAMENTO
Molteplei ucniittdààe ltleas timonaipaotnsozlai ca
diC risto
curad iJ tirgReonl off
a
Volumsee condo
MORCELLIANA
Titoolroi gidneallle' opera:
TheolodegsiN ee ueTne staments
ZweiteTre i• lV ielfuanldEt i nhdeeisat p ostolCihsrcihsetnus zeugnisses
HerausgevgoenJb tierng Reonl off
© 197b6yV andenh&o eRcukp reicnhG to ttingen
TraduzidoinN ee rePao nzanelli
Aggiunteb ibliogdriaGfi icuhsee Spepgea lla
© 19b8y3E d iritceM orcelSli.Aap.n.B-ar escia
TipolitLao gNruaofivCaaa rtogrBarfiecsa1c-89i3a
PREMESSA
Conq uessteoc ovnodlou Lmeeo nhGaorpdp ceolmtp loertmaap ie,r
quanptososi lbeni elcloen diazttiuoanlliosi c,h edmeal la teologia neo
testaamreiRnaat.g giluan gceo mpsiouapttretzupzteaqtr uo a nrtiog uar
dai plr ofiglloo bcaolmede,e r le setrosa o stamneznintaeesli u oiin ttein.
Nulflaas uppocrhrGeeo ppaevlets psree vaisletts ore zieoc naip itoli.
Seh at ralads'caicacteoan c neardrtoeicm uenotg ir updpisi ci rtntei�
testtaamredine,v 'epsesrecrahe sé ou avvinsoonr itednipn oet neer
curaorgegl ias inteev sail utaizniq ounaenl,t' tovai ittdài cerriicna
materia era aQnucetosovr aals eoar appetrttuapt.et irolv angdeil o
Mar;cd oatleed ivergmeetnozdeo loego igcgthevteeit uotrteas istenti,
il avsourlisl tao dreilarl ead azdieogunlleit ainmnini o hna npnoor tato
Goppaelltlc aov ninzicohneiel p ropodsiir tioct orsue inerllb'tiaom'
d'aut neolnoegoitae sttaarimiplear n ofitleoo lodgeilclo' evapnigùe lista
anctopi oteasvseeur nes enQsuoe.s ptrau dednigz iau dipzrioopd,re ila
lA'utroel,h' at artetnuptuord ea dle dicuancr aep ioa tpoplosailLtleoet
tedreeu tero*p.aAso cloiepnsoep licgaitoivnveoort àac roemG eo ppelt
- abbanodnando tcaommeplnlatpe ero porpiian iporniiemvt ai- ab
bair itedniua tnon ovearnacrlheaeL etteraag lEif estirnlaieL ettere
deuotpearolinea laLlceectt aenrptaeos tomreanltièr,r e i masto fermo
* Perl ettedreeu teropaolnienlelcr ait ica protestantes ii ntendloansec oo ndaai
Tessalocneis,i quealgllEaif esinliel eet tceorsei ddpeatstteo r(all 2ie T imoteToi,t o);
conc iòs iv uoaic centucahrele a l oraout entictài è dubbiaan,c hsee sir iconoisnc e
generuen am aggiore o minorceo ntinudiitpe àn siecroon R om.l 2e C orG.a,l F.l,m .,
lT essLa. letteargal i Ebreiè roircmoanio sucniauntia:n emenantceh e daalsitu diosi
cattoliccoim en onp aolina.( n.d.r.).
360 JurgReonl off
finaol li'munole tltlt'uraiierb Paollapo aterdneilLtleàat ata eiCr olos
a
se(sci§f 2 r8.,).1
All etetn oorsfnu ggciormltne o, ntoasnltace o mpiudteelzslztaar ut
truazneig olobiancl eer,ct aip istioalrniio m ansetcee assmaernaitpee rte
alcudnoel oerl oascune.s olSsooo nmom aamreinatbebz ozalt'ie sposi
zoined eldloatt ridneal gliau fisctaizi(§o 3 n9e)e dell'ecclesiologia
( 40§) d iP aoeli ocl a pictoonlcol suuslitlveaoo ldoiGg iioav a(n 4§n9) .i
Sonsot aotmie scsoim pleenttademu pea rraagpfi revniesltslico h ema
diG opppeellrta t erpzaar, st uell'ceat sieu ll'escdaiPt aoollCooog.i a
munuqen oènu nga raecv arednaztaco,h ied utee ims ontoar tattcio n
relaaa tmipviezzaq uanreslteiolazna e n;e §i§4 3e 4 5l 'ceapt aiolina
viepnreo pocsotmbaea sdeir affrocnotlno't eidceal IlL aet terdaiP ie
troe deLleltaatd eiGr iacoemi onm, o daon aliop gaor agsrualsfilc 'ae
tolodgeigasl ciir tptois tpa(o 44l§,8 i;§n 48 i, 3;4 9§, cc)o ngtoeonns vi
lupspuil l'espcaaotloAillnor agi.ig au asrivde odl a' inadniaclei tico.
Nesle covnodlou lme'etr eogendeeimlta àti eardlies npiolbei rheas o
necessdaapr airodt,eec l u ratuonir tneev,re nptioiù n cicshineve opl r i
mov oluQmueni.dv io rrediar c onatllo et toerd elnlauatr oab iveatd teli
miol avorreod aziLoans aelceo.ne dt aez rap arstoen tor aptetlrea
magigopra rdtame a nostctdriii GopQpueiol,lt ta.rr ei veedl eirmea re
el às,si o ndoov uttea pparep iaclccfoualnlieeln es,e rbearnndio di
qua
sagegc io nferteenmzaet aifficnhie tstdciar lil'.AI untvoerpceeelr a
quaarp taretsei sstoelvioalm ancorsidtu'tnoac onfereei nltz eas to
ricavdaaut noa r egistrsauz sintooanr deu' nar elaztieonnudeta a
Gopptne elsle mseteer tsiv1o9 7Q3u.s i' dèov utcoo ndenlsiamreae r,e
documeeni tlta erspteocr,o nfearlilr'eol pane ercae ssuanriiiteaat rà
form.aC loemuneqh uob aadteos clausmievnat fea pra rlsaermep re
nelm odpoi cùh iaproosi slilebos etssLoe onhGaorpdp elt.
Affrontaqnudeosc toom pintoonh, ov oluto soltaunnt o assolvere
debdiitr oi conodsecleln'zavale slroii mlea veos tmraso o,n sot astool le
cittoaa ncdhael cloan vinczhileoav n oecd eiG oppmeelirttc io nsidera
zionper opnreilosl iaat zuioantteu adleel tleao loIgfniaatl.tas i u paa
rolcaii ncoraagn goinsa c endrearsens aemtgeantaeda lccuonm opr
messo lacm oonlp tleicdietlpàlo es iztieoonlio dgiii cehered i i o ggi,
cosaìt taa c onfonmdaea rc ee,r ec anrels otltoofrooln adt oe stimo
nianazpao stdoiCl riticosap, e cro mpreneds evrillau pppoaiirnr / iaf e
rmientaol rleaa altttuàa cloem,ue n ica dnifo erdmedea i v ictrai stiana.
Queosv toluèms et aatpopo rntaitnto e mrpeitl viaamenbetrvegi r a
ziael l'adieuttenora tmnieo ffertodmapi i ù pcaornvt oil onteer osità
grande sdaitc ermipfieocn ieeor Rgiineg.r aanzziiotl uast itgonD oorara
Goppepelrlt ,af attciovlal abodraatnzaei lrolenave i seri eozdniaeeo n
Premessa 361
demla terliaa lbea,r onessav oMRnae rciuepm.Ce liiratc riaslcirei zione
delrleegt irsazsiuon nais tirsloi ,g nHoarnJ so achimp eSlrta ra irlke t
tuar ceo rreez isioi nginD orrH.ia nBsa ledH ans-JVuiregrezni gmann
perl ac ompiladzeigiolnnide i ci.
JtlRGENRO LOFF
Erlann,mg aerz19o7 6
PARTE SECONDA
LAC OMUNITPÀR IMIIVTA( AL CHIEAS IN ISRAELE)
§2 4L:e f otneil oruot ilizzazione
LEONHAGoRPDPE LTA,p ostolZiesic§th ,(e1 r assedgengasl it ued bii bliografia
menor ecen§t§e5- )1,1( lcao muniptrài mi)t;iFL vOaYDV rvrFAINL SOGNe,s chichte
deCsh rsitentiunnm esu testtlaimceZhneei1rt9 ,6 p7p,1. 17 -124H;A NCSo NZELMANN,
GeschidcehsUt rec shrtient1u69m9s( ,17 91'p)p,.1 0-52tr;i. t L.e,o rigdienclir istia
nesimCloa,u diTaonrai,1n 7o96 p,p 1.45 4;p eru lterbiiboilroega rfia,v .n ot2a.
1.L ef onti
Le fonetbir aiicgnhoer ano-coqmupaslie taigm reunptdpeidi i sce
podliiG es-ùep urGee ssùt e-ssfoortmiansei'l almbdietlotle ao cra
zigai udapiaclae stdioponl eas ed ipdaiGr etsiùIt vnae ce hrainlneo
1•
vansztao rlienc oate ia zsisparie ccihsqeeu esftoenc tifi o rnisscuolno
la'mbiednetlpelr ai cmoa munpietiràql ,u eap lerò cibn aois iqaumaos i
escilvuasmesnuft oenc trii stLieda onceu.m entlaeztitoepnriiaaù rn itei
chdee clr istia-nleels eitmtpoea roel- isnoen o tnraiat5l e0 e i 6l2
ne'lalrferalaA ' siMai noer Reo map erl ec omundiitq àu ei luoghi,
quinadn io tevdoitlsaen dzita e mpedo i s pazdiaogi lniii znPi a lestina.
Su2i0 a nn«isO cu»rt irasctorlraafis nide i Geel sp'ùoe cdae lLleet tere
paolpionses oi aacmquinsoitriesz oilaeot travielrlsaoz-ioni dedotte
dalsleegu efnotni:t i
a)L eL etetp earoelr iinsalogcocnaos ionaal'llempeopncrtaie m itiva
ina lcruensio croenttreiot st,psi pveiciailnmG eanlls t.Q.e u ael àc itano
tradidzoitiotnnraicl hiep ossornios aallilcraoeum niptrài mvia,lt ai
queap larlianav raa ma(ilCco or1 1.,2 3;1 5,31)-I.n olctorcner ,i tdeir i
1G iusepFplea vlioost ,o riceob reod ell'epocpoart, a soltanutnoa b revneo tizsiuall a
fined iG iacomo( An2t0., 19,}m, entrAe nt1.8 ,3è, u3n' interpo!aBzibilo.:nHe ..L .S TRACK,
Jesudsi,eH iiretikuenrdd ieC hrisntaecndh enii ltesjtuedni scAhnegna be1n9.1 H0;.J .
SCHOEAPSu,s f ruhchrisZte/ii1tc9,h5 e0r,2 3p9p-.2P 5.B4 I;L LERBECcKti,. I ,V p,. 1 421.
364 §24 :L ef onteil al oro utiliu.azione
stodreilafl oerm en,e lle lpeotstseriorlneeo v sfaior rmeu tlrea mandate
daple ripordeop aoilnmi insou ra n(o§2t 6e),v.2o le
b)I ntoarnloSl Oq',u in40-d5i0a nndio pgol iin inzeilC,lh ai eocscai
dentLaulcesa c rgivlAeit tdeig Alpiot soluin,ac rondaeclavl iaa per
cordsaavl a ngdealG oe rusaleamR moem ai,n taedsi al lusitflro arre
mardseil Clhai enselaii neafmoenndtnaitm laeiD.as lu roa ppoerstaou
rieens tulcloam uintpàr imisteil voa u,st ii liintz ezraim ndiic ritica
deltlraa diszpiio osnseto,rn aoir mrpeo rttarnatdii2 zC•ir toienreiis os en
ziaslaerc àe ritrloa ffrocnotlnoen otifzoimeii tnpe r opdraiP oa olo.
c)L et radiszui'loalntitt ievrirtdeàiGn eas cùh,ed ,o peos sesrtea te
tramatned alpuenrtg eopm ov,e nnemreos speei rcs rintetVioa ngeli
sitnitoctiri a6l 5 e 1 '8f5u,r ocnoon cefpointdea mentnaellCmlheain etsea
palestEisnsveees nen.fe orrom usleamtpear nec choern i feriamlelnat o
situadzeiloclnoaem uàn.Qi utinndeil tlraa disziinoionctesat ir ispec
chiasniot uadzeilcolonami u npietlràaq , u alef uce osnscaie ttpar,a man
dateia n firneed a.It nqt uaamlies uvrisa ti r ovaicncoe anipn rii smtia di
delClhai epsaal estèci onsesasie c,u rammoelnittnoec eerc toan troversa
nesii ngcoa.lsS iien ep osstornaoqr ureeas ctcie innun nifa o nnas cien
tificamaecncteet tcao'blailildueet 'loal naelffiestits ueactoain c drtoie ri
della dsetlfoloreri mase o,lr oa offrntancdroiltii ccaomlnea ns tiet ua
ziosnteo rdiecdau cibPialoeel d oad gaAl titd ie gAlpio st(eoprll iad i
scusscifo§r3n .)e.
d)Q uesttrfeeo nstpiio ssionntoae rgrseo lions carmsisau croaln e
tradipzailtoneinesisd ielA lp'ocaeld iiGs isovaend neilD liad aecc hoèn
singnoolteif zoirend iaPtiae d dreil la Chiesa.
Datlaas itzuiaolnm'emi,a gidneelc loam unpirtiàm isteimvbfaro an
datsaun otimzoilect aos uPaelraiòu . n e saemp iaùp profoqnudeisttoe
notiezn iorni sulptitaùan noct aos luima,a semobd rearnivvoalrpteea r
voldtaua n par oblemianttzieicnoans apleec idfieclfalo enc thile ec on
teonngo.
2. pLar bolemcaadt eilfloene td ie ll'esposizione
Let erf onnteio testacmheaenb tbairacimieot n aotinen tenrdeonno
dercei còh sei ngmoelmibd reil cloam unpirtiàm iqtuiavclahif,e so esro,
pensaevs aonsot enmeavc aincòoh e,e r aan nuonn coirmvaaet v ialido.
Paorliop relnfedo er mturlaed izdieolnlaal ic pormiumniiptteitàrvr aa -
1 Resocontidi studiE:.G IIAssERD,i eA postelgesicnhd iecrFh otres chduenrgG egen
wartT,h RN F2 6( 9601),p p.9 3-1l6H7.;.M A RSHALRLe,c eSnttu doyf t hAec tosf t hAep os
tel•sE,x positToirym es8•0 1,% 86/9p,p .2 92-2d%e;ll sot essLou,k e: HisatnodTr hieaon
logi1an97,0l .c ommentdii H.CoN ZELMAN(NH db5,,1 972e2 E).HA ENCHEN( Meyer-IKI.I ,
1%8')i ntendotnroo pop unilateralmgelnitA et tdie glAip ostocloim ek erygmape r la
comunitdàe ll orot empoP.e rc ontrGo. S riiHLI(NNT D 5,1 970'C).,S .C .W ILLIAM(SA
Commentoarnty h eA ctosf t heA postl1e964s',)e .KLA KE-H.J .C ADBURY (BeginnIi-nVg)s
cercano inp rimol uosloe i nformazipoenrvie nutecdia llac omunitpàr imitiva.
2La. problematdiceal lfeo nteid ell'esposizione 365
mandaarn loeei taa l afilCn oen caiploisot coilricacc ooi nls ednesgol i
stesAspio steo dleriia ppresednetlcalonamt uin diitG àe rusalemme
(Ga2l,.8.2s .lC; o r1.51 ,-.151.C )erpteolra ' spettoh ass tcoearlnitccoho e
ei nterpsreemtpalrteteo r adiszeicooninidlp o r oppruinotd oiv ista
teoloSgeiccoonL.du ocn ae lClhai edseavp ee sre mpsreeg nlai'rned i
rizzoc icòh èes taatffoe rmpartio«m aadg Alpio s»t oGale irusalee mme
podia P aotlroGa e rusaele e mRmo(mLa1e -4.,; 1A t1.2, 1s 4.2 2;8 ,-1233)
ec icòh seid o cumennteals ltar utdteulCrlhaai ecsrae scsiuqu uteas ta
linDeaapl.u ndtiov ista esgtdloeirs icclroapi, av reo ell a'at ti«vedigtlài
Aposltieod» i P ao,rl ioportsapnedssosc oa rtnrea diziionntie,r pcrheet a
libertaeIm.ne finne,g ldaiic ectedrnaodn eir idvaalrtleara d izsiionnoet
ticsatl,aa' ltprroi nicoci,op ndiavnicsdhoae Paedo alL ouc ai:nu ltima
istannzoar maètc iivcòah veè' d ad iers ulsliat uadzeiloclnoaem unità
partednaGd eos Qùu.i nsdoitl ta'os pestttoorc èi'd caoc hiedseeqr usei
stcao nfigurianztpierorentea dteiltvlraaa didziiG oensceùo rrisponda
veramaelnitlne't endidmiGe enstùo.
Quesitneetnz iodneiel flotnin eotestamneonntoasrtriaienc,th ei e
dano vecrriifitcsihocenhf oeo ,na dmetnamlenrtieos npednatlilr ae altà
eq uinndeiln loasa te rsposivzainoon pnreee i snc onsidenraozni one
solpoe mro tisvtrioi .cD iau na pcaidr otbeb idaommoa ned:qa urali
conceztieoonlio gviecnhneesr oos tedniuf ttaetn oe lplrae dicazione
delClhai epsrai miptailveas tsionpersaetn,te ulctlotamo u npirtiàm itiva
diG eraulsem?mM ean elsltoe tsesmop coid obbidaommoa nd:sa ere
condico r eirtaip peancac enafnfeartmia,dt ailn loes tfrotenni e otesta
mentacrhiceeo ,sv ae niva connosrimdvaeatrA?ia etnot ralmedb oe
mandseip uòr isponsdoelerone t creor ltiim aic taiu dseal slcaa rsità
delnloet i-zdiiev ersadmaqe unatnaetv ov eprirtùàa rpdeilr aC hiesa
elleniitnsotori ancP aa o-l.oI lp robldeism otar idae ltlraa dniez,i o
ovunquper etseed,ne rivceorsàt anetd eamrlea nptpofrrtao dleolrloe
noticzoinet einnqu utees ttrfeeo tnia,v enutnoi ri entamdeinnstttooi .
La riflestseioolnoecg hiseec' tsar,i ndsaelcelase p resdseilcolonami u
nitpàr imiitniivczaoi,na t enutisctoidncu aetm eemnattdeie crhiev anti
dalsliat unaezl:ic. oo lna' utocomprdeenlcsloiamo unnee id teàls luee
aziolniit urngeialcmlhb'ei dteol cloamn uiteàt niecbar a;i2 c.ca onl a
interpredtealczloiamo pnaedr isG ae sù ssuflolndodeo l tlrea dizioni
regliieod.s 'sIra.e ldIeu et emsio ncoo rreflrlaaot :ri o dii scecpeorli
cando' eirnptrectoanrtei nulaamp ernotpserti iuaa zeip oanrtednadlo
Maeseti rnto a mlo daoc quisainscecnh ounooav sip edtetlsilu aaa p pa
rizi.o ne
Fino(r§6-a§2 )3a bbiarmiop rocdiocòth tdeoa G eseùr vae nuatgol i
uomifinnioa lPlean tsetcOeor.ai nizisaipmauo r,pe e sro mmcia ,p ia
366 §2 5l:d iscedpiGo elsicil o mCeh iesa
ricallca'aurteo compredneslpilroain meca o munipteàsr,e guipraer,
tenddaoe sslaar, i flescsriiolsngoitceoa c hees ssav iluplpapò r opperri a
situa3z•i one
§2 5: dIi scedpiGo elsiù cCohmiee sa
Su1 e 5 a :A DOLFV ONH ARNADCiKe, MiusnsdiA ouns burnegid teCsh ristentums
ind ene rstderneJ iar hhunde1r-1t11e, 9n2 4Jo'A;CI HMJ EREMIJAeSsV,ue rheissung
fudri Vei:i lke159r9,' FE;R IDNAND HAHND,a sV erstiinddenrMi iss siiomnN euen
Tetsame1n69t5,'D ;I BTGBERO RGI,D ieG egndeerPr a uliums2 .K orintrhieeSrftb.u
dieznu rr eligii:isen Pirndo eprSa pgiiattnaidnka19 e6,4 H;E INRICH KDAiseT ING,
Anfiindgeeur r chrisMtilsiscih1oe69n9nM,; A RTIN HEDNiGeUE rLs,p rudnegCreh ri
stclhieMni ssiNoTnS,t1 8( 17917/2)p,p1. - 53-8.S u2 :O sCACRU LLMADNiN,eT auf·
lehdrees N eueTne tsamen1t9s5;,8J 'OACHJIEMR EIMASD,i eK indertiandu efne
erstveine Jrah rhunde1r9t5e8Gn;E, O RBGR AUMANVNo,r paulicnhirsicshtel iche
TaufverkunbdePiiag uuln1ug69s 2;,O TTOK ussZ,u rv orpauliTnaiusflcehihemnr e
NeueTne steanmitn,I: D A.u,s legunVge ruknudn dIi,g16 u93np,gp 9.8 -1G2ER0H;ARD
DELLIDNiGeT, a ufiemN eueTne stam1e9n6tG3E,;O RKGR ECTSHMADRi,eG eschichte
des Tautftsgedoienisntd eesra ltKeinr cihne:«, Le tiurgiv,a 1»649 /65p,p 1.-01;6
GEORRGE.B EASLBY-MDUiRRceAh Yr,i stTlaiucf1he9e,6 F8R;I TLZEOL BNETNZ-IDSBD,i e
Taufe nJaecsdheu Sn ynopti1k79e0Kr;Un R,T ALTAaNuOfu,en dK indert1a9u7f1e;,
ROBERTTUOR (A acu rad i)1,1b atstiemdoe bia mbirneiv:i siinov snite a«?St,u dia
Patavin(a19»74 )2,p1p 5. 11-55.8-Su3 :K ARHLo LLD,e rK irecnhbegdreiPsffa ulus
ins einVeemr hiilztudn eimsd erU rgemei(nSAdBe 1 291,i) n:I D.G,e sA.u fns,.
1298, 4+6p7p;. O LOLFIN TON,D asP roblemU rdkceihrrie n d enre uenr Feorschung,
193(2b ibpli.ùv ecc)hi;Na ILS ALSDTARHULDP,a sV olGko tt1e9s4,(1 r ti.s1 693);
ALBREC0HETP KDEa,s n euGeo ttesv1o9l5kE0,DU; A RD SCHWEIZGEeRm,ne dieu ndG e
meinrddemomigm N e�teTnes tame1n69t2,'RU; DO LFS CHNACKENDBiUeKR iGr,c ihme
NeueTne tsamte,1n9 6;t1 r'i.t L.a,C hienseaNl T ,M orcellBiraensac,1i 9a6 W8ER';
NERG EORKGUM MEL,K irchenbuengdGr eisffc hichtsbeiwndu esUrsr tgseemieni nde
undb eJie su1s9,4( 316 98')-.S u4 a:c f§r2 .1b ibel .EL ONHARD GoPPELDTi,ea po
stoliZsecih§t7e ,, 2 s .§;2 2G; ERHADREDL LIDNeGr,G ottesdiiemnN setu eTne sta
meni15,92 G;R EGODRiYx T,h eS hapoeft hLei rtguy1,9 4(515 99'O)s;C ACRU LLMANN,
UrchsrtientuunmdG otstdeniset16,92 'F;E RDINHAAHNND,D eru rchrisGtoltsitcehe
diens17t90,-. Su4 c : MARC ELS IMONSt,S tpeheann dt hHee llenoifAs cttss ,
1598J;oH ANNBSB IHLDEiReS, t ephanusgeismZc uhsiacmhmteen dheaArnp go stel
geschtie1c,69h 3-.Su5 d :J .H owARMDA RSHAPLaLl,e stainndHi ealnl enCihsrtiic
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