Systematics of the genera of Epyrinae with ramose male antennae (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)

16 Pages·1992·7.7 MB·

by  K V Krombein

PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
94(3), 1992, pp. 345-360
SYSTEMATICS OF THE GENERA OF EPYRINAE WITH RAMOSE
MALE ANTENNAE (HYMENOPTERA: BETHYLIDAE)
Karl V. Krombein
NHB
Department ofEntomology, Stop 105, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
20560.
Abstract.—The genera of Epyrinae with ramose antennae in the male are reviewed.
Calyoza Westwood, 1837, Paracalyoza Cameron, 1909, Calyozella Enderlein, 1920, and
Pseudocalyoza Turner, 1915, are new synonyms o{ Epyris Westwood, 1832. Species de-
scribed in the first three genera constitute the Staphylinoides species group; the last genus
A
forms the Subramosus species group. Calyozina Enderlein, 1912, is a discrete genus.
neotype is described for Calyoza staphylinoides Hope, the type-species of the genus.
Epyris ashmeadi (Enderlein) and E. ramosus (Meunier) are new synonyms o^E. staphyli-
noides (Hope). Epyris niger (Kieffer), E. flavipennis (Turner) and E. bryanti (Turner) are
new synonyms oiE. hirtipennis (Cameron). Epyrispuduma Krombein, n. sp., is described
from Sri Lanka. Epyris sumatrensis Krombein, n. name, is proposed for E. flavipennis
(Enderlein), 1920, not E. flavipennis (Turner), 1914. Calyozina ramicornis Enderlein is
redescribed and figured.
Key Words: Bethylid wasps, Epyris, ramose male antennae, systematics, new species
Males with ramose antennae are rarities Measurements and terminology are as in
among species ofaculeate Hymenoptera, so Evans (1964) as modified by him later
it is not surprising that several specialists (1969). The abbreviations used in the de-
on Bethylidae proposed generic names for scriptions are as follows:
some species with such unusual append-
ages. The relatively few known females ex- LH—length ofhead from middle ofclypeal
hibit no such sexual characters. margin to midpoint of vertex;
WH—
Westwood {in Hope 1837) was the first width of head including eyes;
WF—
to propose a genus for such a male, Calyoza, width of front (i.e., least interocular
based on a specimen preserved in gum. It distance);
is not known whether the specimen was re- HE—height ofeye measured in lateral view;
cent or fossilized. Cameron (1909), Ender- EV—distance from top of eye to crest of
lein (1912, 1920), and Turner (1915) pro- vertex in lateral view;
WOT—
posed additional genera, their names formed width of ocellar triangle including
by adding a prefix or suffix to the name posterior ocelli;
OOL—
Calyoza. ocello-ocular line, least distance be-
Based on the descriptions, I suspected that tween posterior ocellus and inner eye
some ofthese genera might be synonyms of margin;
LT—
Calyoza. I borrowed the type-species inso- length ofthorax, collar excluded, from
far as available, and the results of my ex- anterior margin of pronotal disk to pos-
amination appear below. terior end of propodeum.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
346
Epyris Westwood, 1832 the ramus of the 12th was shorter than the
segment. The unique holotype ofC«/yoz^//a
Calyoza Westwood in Hope, 1837: 56.
Type-species by monotypy: C staphyli- ^^"/^'"'' Enderlem, the other species ongi-
noides Hope. New Synonymy. ^^"^ ^^^^^^^^ ^" ^^e genus, is from Tai-
^onn, Taiwan, and was available on loan
Paracalyoza Cameron, 1909: 377. Type-
species by monotypy: P. hirtipennis Cam- ^^"^ Eberswalde. The 12th segment and its
eron. New Synonymy. ^^"^"^ ^'^ «f ^^^^^ l^^g^^- ^ ^^^ ^« ^^b"
^^antive characters on which to separate
Pseudocalvoza Turner, 1915: 298. Type-
^^^>^^^^ ^^^ Calyozella, and consider that
species by monotypy: P. subramosa Tur-
ner New Synonymy ^^^^ species of the latter genus are also
members ofthe Staphylinoides speciesgroup
Calvozella Enderlein, 1920: 24. Type-spe-
cies by original designation, CJavipennis ^^ ^P^^'- ^he relative length of the 12th
Enderlein. New Synonymy. ^^g"^^"^ and its ramus are vanable in the
Staphylinoides species group, ranging from
A
study of type or other material of the a ramus of 0.7 x the length of the segment
four genus-level taxa Usted above shows in an unidentified African species, to 1.4 x
them to be synonyms ofEpyris as redefined in the specimen described below as the neo-
by Evans 964, 969). Their names should type ofstaphylinoides Hope,
(1 1
be added to the generic synonymy listed by Pseudocalyoza Turner is also a synonym
Evans. The males described in Calyoza, of Epyris but belongs to a different species
Paracalyoza, and Calyozella are unique in group than the Staphylinoides group. It is
Epyrisbecause ofthe ramose antennae. They discussed in more detail subsequently,
constitute the Staphylinoides species group
Staphylinoides Species-group
of Epyris. They are similar to males of the
New World Dodecatomus species group in ^^^S- 1-16
mm
that the third antennal segment is extremely Large species, forewing length 3.5-5.2
mm
short, forming a ring-joint (Fig. 2), closely in male, 4.3-5.6 in female; body black,
joined to the base of the fourth segment, abdomen sometimes red apically or entire-
and in having the scutellar pits connected ly. Mandibles of male slender, 3-4 dentate
by a narrow, impressed line (Figs. 3, 4, 11). (Fig. 2), those of female stout, 4-5 dentate
Cameron separated Paracalyoza from (Fig. 9), and lower margin with large, blunt,
Ca/yozaon the basis ofthe basal and trans- subapical tooth (Fig. 10); anterior margin
verse median veins being interstitial. These of male clypeus angulate medially (Fig. 2),
veins, however, are interstitial in staphyli- about 1 10°-135°, that of female gently ar-
noides, and Cameron's error may be traced cuate, occasionally slightly concave in mid-
to inaccuracy in Westwood's illustration die (Figs. 9, 13); eyes large, glabrous; ocelli
(1874, fig. 1). in a compact triangle, front angle 80°-120°
Enderlein separated C(3/voze//<2 on the ba- in male, 65°-90° in female; male antennae
sis that the ramus ofthe 12th antennal seg- unusual in that segments 4-12 have a sub-
ment is shorter or at most as long as the apical ramus that is usually longer than
segment itself. (Enderlein called this the 11th length of segment (Figs. 1, 7), segment 3 a
segment; he overlooked the tiny ring joint, ring joint closely consolidated with 4 (Fig.
the third segment.) The unique holotype of 2, r). Pronotum with smooth contours; scu-
Calyozella flavipennis from Soekaranda, tellar pits well-separated except in rufiven-
Sumatra, was in the collection ofthe Stettin tris where distance between them is sub-
Zoological Museum, and should now be in equal to pit diameter, the pits connected
the WarsawZoological Museum. I have been anteriorly by a narrow impressed line (Figs,
unable to borrow it. Enderlein stated that 3,4, 1 1); propodeum with margins carinate,
VOLUME NUMBER 347
94, 3
Figs. 1-3. Epyrisstaphylinoidesmale, Ukunda, Kenya. 1, antenna, Au-coated specimen at 20 KV. 2, clypeus,
mandible, and base ofantenna, r = ringjoint, uncoated at 3 KV. 3, thoracic dorsum, wings removed, uncoated
at 3 KV.
median area with three or five longitudinal the mandible without a subapical tooth on
carinae (Figs. 3, 4), the median and lateral lower margin, the clypeus angulate or sub-
carinae complete, if with five carinae, the angulate medially, and the hindtibiae have
intermediate pair complete or nearly so; only a few spines, whereas females of the
mesopleuron with fovea not divided into Staphylinoides group have a subapical man-
upper and lower foveae (Figs. 5, 10), except dibular tooth, and the midtibiae have 2-3
in an undescribed species from the Philip- rows of close, short spines. Other unde-
pines. Female midtibiae with 2-3 rows of scribed species groups ofOld World Epyris
close, short spines; tarsal claw with two teeth, have males with the third antennal segment
outer longer and more slender, inner short a ringjoint, but they lack a ramose antenna.
and blunt (Figs. 6, 12, 14). Male genitalia The relationships between these various Old
with parameres slender, armed apically with World groups and the New World Dode-
2-3 long setae; cuspides slender and bira- catomus group will need consideration when
mous. the Old World Epyrinae are revised.
The Staphylinoides species group is sim-
ilar to the New World Dodecatomus species Epyris staphylinoides (Hope),
New Combination
group in having the first flagellar segment
of the male antenna reduced to a narrow Figs. 1-3
ring joint, closely appressed to the base of Calyoza staphylinoides Hope, 1837: 56, fig.
the second segment. Males of the Dodeca- 11 (a).-Westwood, 1874: 157 (S, 9; Na-
tomusgroup differ from those ofthe Staphy- tal).
linoides group in lacking ramose antennae. Calyoza Ashmeadi Enderlein, 1901: 214-
Females of the Dodecatomus group have 215 (3, 22; Nord-Kamerun, Johann-Al-
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
348
Figs. 4-7. Epyris puduma male, uncoated at 3 KV. 4, thoracic dorsum. 5, mesopleuron and anterolateral
propodeum. 6, hindtarsal claw. 7, antenna, terminal segments twisted.
brechtshohe; syntypes in Museum fur Dipterocarpaceae ofthe Old World tropics.
Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat, The specimens were in the collection ofW.
Berlin). New Synonymy. Strong, a maker of varnishes in London.
Calyoza ramosa Meunier, 1906: 59-60 Some of the specimens were in resin from
(3;
Zanzibar; unique holotype in recent or Valeria indica ofMalabar, India, known as
fossil copal; depository unknown; lost?). gum anime. Hope cited "E Resino Anime"
New Synonymy. for some species, but not for others includ-
ing the Calyoza. Hope mentioned a Mad-
Hope (1837) described a dozen species of agascan dipterocarp as providing resin in
insects, primarily Coleoptera, that were abundance in which he found insects em-
trapped in resin from trees belonging to the bedded. From this it might be inferred that
VOLUME NUMBER
94, 3 349
Figs. 8-12. Epyrispuduma female, uncoated at 3 KV. 8, clypeus and mandible. 9, mandible, frontal aspect,
note subapical tooth on lower margin. 10, mesopleuron and anterolateral propodeum. 11, thoracic dorsum. 12,
hindtarsal claws.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
350
FiKS 13-15 E;,vm;j/>f/p^««w female, Brunei, uncoated at 3 KV. 13, clypeus and mandible 14, hindtarsus.
15, second hindtarsal segment. Fig. 16, Epyris puduma female, uncoated at 3 KV, second hmdtarsal segment.
Museum
the species not characterized as being from was deposited in the University
gum anime came from resin from other Oxford in the early 1860s but it was not
sources and localities. accompanied by a list of specimens. C.
Hope purchased Strong's collection ofin- OToole, collections manager at the Muse-
sects in amber and gum anime in 1 837. It um made a thorough search for the unique
VOLUME NUMBER
94, 3 351
type of staphylinoides, and was unable to sects. Meunierdescribed this and two species
find it. He examined 210 pieces of reason- of Diptera from specimens in copal in the
ably polished, clear gum amine in the col- collection of J. Evers, Altona-Bahrenfeld,
lection, and other pieces that are on public Hamburg. The specimens probably were re-
display. He added: "In the 1960's, a young turned to Evers, and destroyed during World
preparator, no longer with us, was given ac- War II.
cess to the Strong collection to practice Meunier does not mention coloration but
grinding and polishing amber. This may of his description otherwise is not inconsistent
course be a source ofperturbation and loss with that of staphylinoides which could be
from the collection. I have traced all the expected to occur in Zanzibar. Meunier's
extant material which passed through his Fig. 1 ofthe head is probably inaccurate for
hands and cannot match it with the illus- it is not symmetrical. Ratios derived from
WH WF
trations [i.e., of staphylinoides]. I think I the figure are: equal to LH; 1.3 x
have covered all the exits now and I think HE and 0.7 x WH; EV 0.7 x HE; OOL 1.4
WOT
that we must conclude that either the type X on right side, 1.7 x on left; and
of Calyoza staphylinoides never reached ocelli with frontal angle of 105°. His Figures
Oxford or that it suffered during the indif- 2 and 3 of forewing and tarsal claws are
ferent treatment the collection was subject- typical ofspecies ofthe staphylinoidesgroup.
ed to." The following description of staphyli-
Westwood (1874) redescribed the species noides will supplement the very brief Latin
from a pair from Port Natal, South Africa, diagnosis by Westwood (1874). Westwood
and stated that he had ". no hesitation in dissected a mandible and the palpi from the
. .
giving [it, i.e., the male] as identical . . ." male (his Fig. la-c), breaking off most of
with Hope's unique type. This suggests that the clypeus in the process. The front is split
Westwood might have compared the pinned along the midline to a small hole that was
male with the type. I am designating this made when the mandible and palpi were
male as the neotype of Calyoza staphyli- removed. The posterior third of the right
noides Hope. side ofthe propodeum was broken, and was
The syntype series of ashmeadi consists repaired with glue that covers the right side
ofa male and two females, one ofthe latter ofthe sternum, and the mid- and hindcoxae.
now lacking an abdomen. The male bears He also dissected a mandible and palpi from
a red label, "Type 5," and the female lacking the female (his Fig. 2a-e).
an abdomen bears a red label, "Type 9." The male bears two labels in Westwood's
The other female bears no type label, but I handwriting. One is green, and is inscribed,
presume it to be a syntype for it is men- "Natal/Guenzius/5/Higgins 1867." C.
tioned in the description. I have designated O'Toole advised me that the specimen was
the male as the lectotype. The species is purchased from Higgins, an employee ofthe
clearly a synonym ofstaphylinoides, differ- entomological dealer Stevens, for 5 shil-
OOL WOT
ing only in being 1.6 x in the lings, the current equivalent of £ 30. Be-
WOT
male, and 1.8 x in the female. The neath this label is a white one, "Calyoza/5/
mandibular dentition in both sexes is the Westw.Trans Ent S./Thes.Ent.pl.29fl," re-
same as in staphylinoides. ferring to Westwood's 1837 description and
It is probable that Meunier's unique type 1874 illustration. The dissected palpi and
of ramosa is no longer in existence. The mandible are glued on a small white rect-
specimen is not in any of the institutes of angle mounted beneath the specimen. The
the University of Bonn which house Meu- female in the British Museum bears a small
nier's collection of recent Diptera and Hy- green label, "Pt/Natal."
menoptera, and the collection of fossil in- Neotype male.—Length 6.5 mm, fore-
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
352
wing 3.9 mm. Black, head and thorax slight- middle pairweakerand extending only two-
ly dull, delicately alutaceous, propodeum thirds toward apex, areas between carinae
and abdomen glossy; mandible except basal with weak transverse carinae, areas laterad
third and apical teeth, antenna, tegula, inner ofenclosure finely, closely, transversely ca-
surface of foretibia at apex, and last three rinulate.
abdominal segments light red; rest of legs Female.—Length 7.7 mm, forewing 5.1
dark brown to castaneous. Vestiture ofhead mm. Black, the following red: mandible ex-
and thorax sparse, short, suberect, cinere- cept teeth, antenna, antennal lobe, apex of
ous; flagellar segments with very short, forefemur, foretibia, all tarsi and last three
dense, suberect silvery setae. Wings clear, abdominal segments; tegula, femora and
stigma dark brown, forewing veins lighter mid- and hindtibiae dark brown. Wings
brown. clear, stigma dark brown, forewing veins
Head.—WH 1.1 x LH; WF 1.3 x HE lighter brown. Vestiture on head and tho-
and 0.6 x WH; EV 0.6 x HE; mandible racic dorsum, short, subappressed, cinere-
quadridentate (Fig. 2'), two inner teeth quite ous.
small; eyes slightly protuberant, ocular setae Head: WH 1.1 x LH; WF 1.7 x HE and
lacking; front with small punctures mostly 0.7 x WH; EV0.8 x HE; OOL 1.8 x WOT;
separated by a puncture's width; ocelli with front angle of ocelli 90°; first four antennal
frontal angle 120°, OOL 0.9 x WOT, pos- segments in a ratio of 52:11:10:18, third
terior pair separated from occiput by nearly segment 0.7 x as long as wide; mandible
3x their diameter; antenna 13-segmented quinquedentate, innermost tooth small and
(Fig. 1), relative lengths of first four seg- truncate, lower margin with large, blunt
ments about 3 1:4:3: 1 1, segment 3 a ringjoint subapical tooth; front delicately alutaceous,
closely joined to 4, 12 half as long as 13; a median groove between antennal tuber-
segments 4 through 12 with a subapical ra- cles running upward, front with small punc-
mus beneath each of which is longer than tures, those above tubercles separated by
dorsal length of respective segment; ramus about halftheir diameter, upper front with
of 4 about 3 X as long as segment, rami of punctures separated by about twice their
succeeding segments increasing gradually in width.
length to 7-11 which are 4x as long as re- Thorax: pronotum delicately alutaceous
spective segments, that of 12 a little less and punctate like front, 1.4 x as wide as
than 2 X as long as segment. long; scutum weakly alutaceous, with a few
Dorsum of thorax (Fig. 3) twice as long small punctures laterally, notauli complete,
as width at pronotal lobe; pronotal disk with wider posteriorly; scutellar pits narrow, el-
punctures somewhat larger than on front, liptical, oblique, separated from each other
separated by half or more width of punc- by lOx their width, connected anteriorly
ture; pair of basal pits on scutellum sepa- by a narrow, impressed line; propodeal disk
rated by 3 x their diameter, connected an- 1 .4 x as wide as long, median enclosure with
teriorly by a narrow, impressed line; five carinae, intermediate pair not quite
propodeal disk 0.6 x as long as wide, me- reaching apex, areas between carinae with
dian enclosure with five longitudinal cari- close, transverse rugulae; forefemur 2.2 x as
nae, middle carina and outer pair stronger long as wide; tarsal claw strongly curved,
and reaching posterior transverse carina, bifid, inner ray short and stout,
outer pair converging slightly toward apex, Variation.—I collected ten males, 23-25
Jan. 1968, in a narrow strip ofjungle be-
tween the beach and coastal road 20 mi S
' Figs. 1-3, cited in this description, are from a male ooff MMoommbbaassaa,, KKeennyyaa,, nneeaarr UUkkuunnddaa.. TThhee
from Ukunda, Kenya,thatwascomparedwiththeneo-
type. specimens agree well with the lectotype in
1
VOLUME 94, NUMBER 3 353
sculpture but differ as follows: Length 5.5- (Fig. 6) strongly curved, bifid, inner ray stout
6.0 mm; only last two abdominal segments and almost as long as outer.
red except one having the apex of fifth red; Female.—Length 7.2 mm, forewing 4.3
WH 1.1 X LH; WF 1.4 x HE and 0.6 x mm. Coloration and wings as in male. Ves-
WH; OOL 1.0-1.1 X WOT; EV 0.6 x HE; titure sparser, fine, short, suberect and ci-
apex of clypeus angulate medially at about nereous on thoracic dorsum and meso-
135°; ratio of length of first four antennal pleuron, that on head mostly abraded,
segments 35:5:5:12 to 35:6:6:13; and ocelli propodeum bare, abdomen with very sparse,
with frontal angle of 5°-120°. short, fine, suberect to subdecumbent setae,
1 1
present only laterally.
Epyrispuduma Krombein, New Species ^ead: WH 1.1 x LH; WF 1.4 x HE and
Figs. 4-12, 16 0.7 X WH;OOL 1.9 x WOT; apical margin
Male.—Length 6.0 mm, forewing 3.5 mm. ofclypeus (Fig. 8) broadly rounded, slightly
Black, mandible, antenna, tegula and legs concave in middle; front angle ofocelli about
light red, except apex of mandible and of 65°; first four antennal segments in a ratio
last antennal segment darker, and forecoxa of 49:9:10:14, third segment 0.7 x as long
dark brown. Vestiture of head and thorax as wide; mandible (Fig. 8) quinquedentate,
sparse, short, suberect, cinereous. Wings innermost tooth small and truncate, lower
with a slight yellowish cast, stigma dark margin with a large, blunt subapical tooth
brown, veins light testaceous except radial (Fig. 9); front highly polished, with a short
darker. median groove running upward from be-
Head: WH equal to LH; WF 1.3 x HE tween antennal tubercles, punctures small,
and 0.6 x WH; EV 0.5 x HE; mandible mostly separated by two or more times the
tridentate, innermost tooth rounded; clyp- diameter of a puncture,
eus angulate medially at about 110°; front Dorsum of thorax (Fig. 11); pronotum
delicately alutacous, with small punctures 1 .6 x as wide as long, polished, weakly alu-
mostly separated by 1-2 x width ofa punc- taceous only at extreme base, punctures as
OOL
ture;ocelH with frontal angle about 95°, on front; scutum delicately alutaceous,
1 . X WOT, posterior pair separated from punctures small, closer in middle than lat-
occiput by 1.8 x an ocellar diameter; an- erally, notauli complete, linear on anterior
tenna (Fig. 7-) relative length of first four third, widening posteriorly; scutellar pits
antennal segments about 25:5:5:10, seg- small, subcircular, separated from each oth-
ment 3 half as long as wide. erby 3.7 x theirdiameter; mesopleuron (Fig.
Thoracic dorsum (Fig. 4), 1.9 x as long 10); propodeal disk 1.3 x as wide as long,
as width at pronotal lobes; pronotal disk median enclosure with seven carinae, the
2.2 X as wide as long, with small punctures three median carinae and lateral carinae
slightly closer than on front; scutellar pits complete, the third pair not reaching base,
subcircular, separated by about twice the areas between carinae with close, transverse
diameter ofpit; propodeal disk 0.7 X as long rugulae; forefemur 1.9 x as long as wide;
as basal width, enclosure with five complete first and second hindtarsal segments (Fig.
longitudinal carinae, areas between carinae 16) lacking a row ofclose-set, stout, fluted,
with close, transverse rugulae, areas laterad conical setae on posterior edge; tarsal claw
of enclosure with numerous fine, oblique (Fig. 12) as in male but inner ray only half
carinulae; mesopleuron (Fig. 5); tarsal claw as long as outer.
Type material.—Holotype 6, USNM; Sri
-'The antennae ofboth males are curled toward tip. Lanka, Rat[napura] Dis[trict], 2 mi S of
so it is impossible to get a micrograph without some Weddagala, Sinharaja Jungle, 8-12 Febru-
distonion. ary 1977, visiting foliage ofMacamnga di-
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
354
gyna, K. V. Krombein. Paratypes, USNM: consisted of a single pair. He labeled both
S, same locality but 18-21 June 1976, K.V. specimens as "Type." I am designating the
Krombein, P. B. & S. Karunaratne; 9, same male as the Lectotype. It bears the following
locality but 3 mi S of Weddagala, 10-11 labels from the top: a red-bordered disk
February 1977, K. V. Krombein, P. Fer- bearing a printed "Type" in red; a label
nando, D. W. Balasooriya, V. Gunawar- bearing a handwritten "J.Hewitt" and a
dane. printed "Kuching"; a third handwritten la-
Etymology.—The species name is from bel, "J. 10"; a printed label, "P.Cameron
the Sinhalese noun puduma, surprise, in al- Coll/19 14-110"; and a label in Cameron's
lusion to the fantastic male antennae in the hand, "Paracalyoza/hirtipennis/Cam. Type/
Staphylinoides group. Borneo." The female is in poor condition,
Remarks.—The light red appendages and some characters ofthe thoracic dorsum are
entirely black body distinguish;7W^wm« from obscuredby the pin and mattingofthewings.
A
its nearest relative, staphylinoides (Hope) second male ofhirtipennis from Kuching
from South Africa and Kenya, which has in BM(NH) bears a manuscript name and
mostly dark legs and the posterior two or "Type" in Cameron's handwriting.
three abdominal segments red. The quad- Kieffer described nigra from at least two
ridentate mandible of the male, markedly specimens from C. F. Baker's collecting in
coarser sculpture, and more obtuse ocellar the Philippines, because he gives the length
triangle also readily separate staphylinoides as 4.5-8 mm. Baker's personal collection
from puduma. was donated to the Smithsonian, but there
I collected one male visiting a pair ofex- are no ''Calyoza'" from Palawan in it. There
trafloral nectaries on a cordate leafofkenda, are series of two distinctive new species of
Macaranga digyna (Roxburgh), a euphor- the Staphylinoides group from other islands
m
biaceous shrub about 3 high. The nec- in the Philippines, but no specimens agree-
taries are located on the upper surface ofthe ing with the description of nigra. Most of
leaf near the attachment of the petiole on Kieffer's collection was destroyed during
the lower surface. World War I, but a few specimens are in
the Paris Museum; however, none ofthese
Epyris hirtipennis (Cameron), is labeled Calyoza nigra. The original de-
New Combination scription ofnigra agrees very well with fresh
Figs. 13-15 males of hirtipennis from Borneo, particu-
larly in the sculpture and coloration of the
Paracalyoza hirtipennis Cameron, 1909: 377
wings. Southwestern Palawan is separated
(5, $; Kuching, Borneo; type series in
from Borneo to the southwest by some 50
BM(NH)).-Turner, 1915: 299 (synony- 1
mized Calyozinaflavipennis Turner). miles across shallow Balabac Strait. It is rea-
sonable to assume that the two areas share
Calyoza nigra Kieflfer, 1922: 79-80 Puer-
(<5; some faunal elements, so I place nigra as a
to Princesa, Palawan; syntypes in Kieffer
collection, presumably destroyed). New synonym of hirtipennis.
Synonymy. Turner's unique male holotype offlavi-
pennis is clearly synonymous with hirtipen-
Calyozina flavipennis Turner, 1914: 245-
nis as Turner realized subsequently (1915).
246 Mt. Matang, Sarawak, 3000
(6; ft;
The unique holotype of bryanti Turner
unique holotype in BM(NH)).
falls within the range of variation to be ex-
Parepyris bryantiTurner, 1928: 133-134(9;
pected in larger females.
Mt. Matang, Sarawak, 1000 unique ho-
ft;
lotype in BM(NH)). New Synonymy. In addition to the material listed above,
I have examined a series of six males and
Cameron's syntype series of hirtipennis one female BM(NH) bearing the following