System Administration Guide: Advanced Administration

460 Pages·2002·1.41 MB·English

System Administration Guide:
Advanced Administration
SunMicrosystems,Inc.
4150NetworkCircle
SantaClara,CA95054
U.S.A.
PartNo:806–4074–10
May2002
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020115@3062
Contents
Preface 19
1 ManagingPrintingServicesTopics 23
2 ManagingPrintingServices(Overview) 25
What’sNewinPrinting? 25
ChangestoLPScheduler(lpsched) 25
USBPrinterSupport 26
ManagingPrinterInformationWithLDAP 26
WheretoFindPrinterTasks 27
PrintingintheSolarisOperatingEnvironment 27
SolarisPrintManager 28
PrintingSupportintheNameServiceSwitch 28
ChoosingaMethodtoManagePrinters 29
TheLPPrintService 30
ManagingNetworkPrinters 30
AdministeringPrinters 31
SettingDefinitionsforPrinters 31
AdministeringCharacterSets,Filters,Forms,andFonts 31
CustomizingtheLPPrintService 32
TheSolarisPrintClient-ServerProcess 32
ThePrintClientProcess 32
UsingPrintClients 33
PrinterConfigurationResources 34
UsingPrintServers 36
3
3 PlanningPrintersonYourNetwork(Overview) 37
WheretoFindPrinterTasks 37
DistributingPrintersontheNetwork 38
AssigningPrintServersandPrintClients 38
PrintServerRequirementsandRecommendations 39
SpoolingSpace 39
DiskSpace 40
Memory 40
SwapSpace 40
HardDisk 41
PlanningforPrinterSetup 41
SettingDefinitionsforPrinters 41
SelectingaPrinterType 45
SelectingaFileContentType 45
4 SettingUpPrinters(Tasks) 49
SettingUpPrinting(TaskMap) 49
SettingUpPrintingWithSolarisPrintManager 50
SettingUpaPrinterWithSolarisPrintManager 51
SolarisPrintManagerandSpecialCharacters 52
StartingSolarisPrintManager 52
(cid:1)HowtoStartSolarisPrintManager 52
SettingUpaPrintServer 54
(cid:1)HowtoAddaNewAttachedPrinterWithSolarisPrintManager 55
SettingUpaPrintClient 57
(cid:1)HowtoAddPrinterAccessWithSolarisPrintManager 57
SettingUpa.printersFile 58
(cid:1)HowtoSetUpa.printersFile 58
AddingaNetworkPrinter 59
PrinterVendorSuppliedSoftwareforNetworkPrinters 60
SunSupportforNetworkPrinters 60
InvokingtheNetworkPrinterSupport 61
SelectingtheProtocol 61
SelectingthePrinterNodeName 61
SelectingtheDestination(orNetworkPrinterAccess)Name 62
SettingtheTimeoutValue 63
ManagingNetworkPrinterAccess 63
4 SystemAdministrationGuide:AdvancedAdministration(cid:127)May2002
(cid:1)HowtoAddaNetworkPrinterWithPrinterVendorSuppliedTools 63
(cid:1)HowtoAddANetworkPrinterWithLPCommands 64
ConvertingPrinterConfigurationInformation 67
ConvertingPrinterConfigurationInformation(TaskMap) 67
ConvertingExistingPrinterConfigurationInformation 68
(cid:1)HowtoConvertPrinterInformationForaSystemRunningtheSolaris2.5.1
Release 69
(cid:1)HowtoConvertPrinterInformationForaSystemRunninganlpd-basedPrint
Server 69
5 AdministeringPrinters(Tasks) 71
ManagingPrintersandthePrintScheduler 72
DeletingPrintersandPrinterAccess 72
(cid:1)HowtoDeleteaPrinterandRemotePrinterAccess 72
CheckingPrinterStatus 75
(cid:1)HowtoChecktheStatusofPrinters 75
RestartingthePrintScheduler 76
(cid:1)HowtoStopthePrintScheduler 76
(cid:1)HowtoRestartthePrintScheduler 77
SettingorResettingMiscellaneousPrinterDefinitions 77
(cid:1)HowtoAddaPrinterDescription 77
SettingUpaDefaultPrinterDestination 78
(cid:1)HowtoSetaSystem’sDefaultPrinter 78
PrintingBannerPages 79
(cid:1)HowtoMakeBannerPagesOptional 80
(cid:1)HowtoTurnOffBannerPages 81
SettingUpPrinterClasses 81
(cid:1)HowtoDefineaClassofPrinters 82
SettingUpPrinterFaultAlerts 83
(cid:1)HowtoSetFaultAlertsforaPrinter 84
SettingUpPrinterFaultRecovery 85
(cid:1)HowtoSetPrinterFaultRecovery 86
LimitingUserAccesstoaPrinter 87
(cid:1)HowtoLimitUserAccesstoaPrinter 88
ManagingPrintRequests 89
(cid:1)HowtoChecktheStatusofPrintRequests 90
EnablingorDisablingaPrinterFromPrinting 91
(cid:1)HowtoEnableorDisableaPrinter 92
Contents 5
AcceptingorRejectingPrintRequests 93
(cid:1)HowtoAcceptorRejectPrintRequestsforaPrinter 94
CancelingaPrintRequest 95
(cid:1)HowtoCancelaPrintRequest 95
(cid:1)HowtoCancelaPrintRequestFromaSpecificUser 96
MovingaPrintRequest 97
(cid:1)HowtoMovePrintRequeststoAnotherPrinter 97
ChangingthePriorityofPrintRequests 99
(cid:1)HowtoChangethePriorityofaPrintRequest 99
6 ManagingCharacterSets,Filters,Forms,andFonts(Tasks) 101
ManagingCharacterSets 101
SelectableCharacterSets 102
Hardware-MountedCharacterSets 103
TrackingPrintWheels 104
AlertsforMountingPrintWheelsorCartridges 104
(cid:1)HowtoDefineaPrintWheelorFontCartridge 104
(cid:1)HowtoUnmountandMountaPrintWheelorFontCartridge 105
(cid:1)HowtoSetanAlerttoMountaPrintWheelorFontCartridge 106
(cid:1)HowtoSetUpanAliasforaSelectableCharacterSet 108
ManagingPrintFilters 109
CreatingPrintFilters 110
Adding,Changing,Removing,andRestoringPrintFilters 110
(cid:1)HowtoAddaPrintFilter 111
(cid:1)HowtoDeleteaPrintFilter 112
(cid:1)HowtoViewInformationAboutaPrintFilter 112
ManagingForms 114
Adding,Changing,orDeletingForms 114
MountingForms 114
TrackingForms 115
DefiningAlertsforMountingForms 115
CheckingForms 115
LimitingAccesstoForms 116
(cid:1)HowtoAddaForm 116
(cid:1)HowtoDeleteaForm 117
(cid:1)HowtoUnmountandMountaForm 117
(cid:1)HowtoSetanAlerttoMountaForm 119
6 SystemAdministrationGuide:AdvancedAdministration(cid:127)May2002
(cid:1)HowtoViewInformationAboutaForm 120
(cid:1)HowtoViewtheCurrentStatusofaForm 120
(cid:1)HowtoLimitUserAccesstoaForm 121
(cid:1)HowtoLimitPrinterAccesstoaForm 122
ManagingFonts 123
ManagingPrinter-ResidentFonts 124
DownloadingHost-ResidentFonts 124
InstallingandMaintainingHost-ResidentFonts 125
(cid:1)HowtoInstallDownloadedPostScriptFonts 125
(cid:1)HowtoInstallHost-ResidentPostScriptFonts 125
7 CustomizingtheLPPrintService(Tasks) 127
AdjustingPrinterPortCharacteristics 127
(cid:1)HowtoAdjustthePrinterPortCharacteristics 128
AddingaterminfoEntryforanUnsupportedPrinter 129
(cid:1)HowtoAddaterminfoEntryforanUnsupportedPrinter 132
CustomizingthePrinterInterfaceProgram 133
TheStandardPrinterInterfaceProgram 133
CustomizingsttyModes 134
ExitCodes 134
FaultMessages 135
UsingaCustomizedPrinterInterfaceProgram 136
(cid:1)HowtoSetUpaCustomPrinterInterfaceProgram 136
CreatingaNewPrintFilter 137
WritingaPrintFilterProgram 138
CreatingaPrintFilterDefinition 140
(cid:1)HowtoCreateaNewPrintFilter 146
CreatingaNewPrinterForm 148
(cid:1)HowtoCreateaNewFormDefinition 150
8 LPPrintService(Reference) 151
WheretoFindPrinterTasks 151
TheLPPrintService 152
TheStructureoftheLPPrintService 152
LPPrintServiceCommands 160
FunctionsoftheLPPrintService 161
HowLPAdministersFilesandSchedulesLocalPrintRequests 161
Contents 7
SchedulingNetworkPrintRequests 162
FilteringPrintFiles 163
WhatthePrinterInterfaceProgramDoes 163
HowthelpschedDaemonTrackstheStatusofPrintRequests 163
CleaningOutLogFiles 164
(cid:1)HowtoChangeFrequencyofPrinterRequestLogRotation 164
HowLocalPrintingWorks 164
HowRemotePrintingWorks 166
9 ManagingTerminalsandModemsTopics 169
10 ManagingTerminalsandModems(Overview) 171
What’sNewinManagingTerminalsandModems? 171
Terminals,Modems,Ports,andServices 172
Terminals 172
Modems 172
Ports 172
Services 173
PortMonitors 173
ToolsforManagingTerminalsandModems 174
SerialPortsTool 174
ServiceAccessFacility 175
11 SettingUpTerminalsandModems(Tasks) 177
SettingUpTerminalsandModemswithSerialPortsTool 177
SettingUpTerminals 178
SettingUpModems 178
(cid:1)HowtoSetUpaTerminal 180
(cid:1)HowtoSetUpaModem 181
(cid:1)HowtoInitializeaPort 181
TroubleshootingTerminalandModemProblems 182
12 ManagingSerialPortsWiththeServiceAccessFacility(Tasks) 185
UsingtheServiceAccessFacility 186
OverallAdministration:sacadmCommand 187
ServiceAccessController:SACProgram 187
8 SystemAdministrationGuide:AdvancedAdministration(cid:127)May2002
SACInitializationProcess 187
PortMonitorServiceAdministrator:pmadmCommand 188
APortMonitoratWork:ttymon 188
PortInitializationProcess 190
BidirectionalService 190
PortMonitors:TTYMonitorandNetworkListener 190
TTYPortMonitor:ttymon 191
ttymonandtheConsolePort 191
Specialttymon-SpecificAdministrativeCommand:ttyadm 192
NetworkListenerService:listen 192
Speciallisten-SpecificAdministrativeCommand:nlsadmin 192
AdministeringttymonPortMonitors 193
(cid:1)HowtoAddattymonPortMonitor 193
(cid:1)HowtoViewttymonPortMonitorStatus 193
(cid:1)HowtoStopattymonPortMonitor 194
(cid:1)HowtoStartattymonPortMonitor 194
(cid:1)HowtoDisableattymonPortMonitor 195
(cid:1)HowtoEnableattymonPortMonitor 195
(cid:1)HowtoRemoveattymonPortMonitor 195
AdministeringttymonServices 196
(cid:1)HowtoAddaService 196
(cid:1)HowtoViewtheStatusofaTTYPortService 197
(cid:1)HowtoEnableaPortMonitorService 199
(cid:1)HowtoDisableaPortMonitorService 200
ServiceAccessFacilityAdministration(Reference) 200
FilesAssociatedWithSAF 200
The/etc/saf/_sactabFile 201
The/etc/saf/pmtab/_pmtabFile 201
ServiceStates 203
PortMonitorStates 203
PortStates 204
13 ManagingSystemResourcesTopics 205
14 ManagingSystemResources(Overview) 207
What’sNewinManagingSystemResources? 207
Newdf,du,andlsOptions 207
Contents 9
ChangingSystemParameters 208
SolarisResourceManagement 208
High-LevelViewofManagingSystemResources(TaskMap) 209
15 DisplayingandChangingSystemInformation(Tasks) 211
DisplayingSystemInformation 211
(cid:1)HowtoDetermineIfaSystemCanRunthe64–bitSolarisOperating
Environment 212
(cid:1)HowtoDetermineIfaSystemHas64-bitSolarisCapabilitiesEnabled 212
(cid:1)HowtoDisplaySystemandSoftwareReleaseInformation 213
(cid:1)HowtoDisplayGeneralSystemInformation 214
(cid:1)HowtoDisplayaSystem’sHostIDNumber 214
(cid:1)HowtoDisplayaSystem’sInstalledMemory 215
(cid:1)HowtoDisplaytheDateandTime 215
ChangingSystemInformation 216
(cid:1)HowtoSetaSystem’sDateandTimeManually 216
(cid:1)HowtoSetUpaMessage-of-the-Day 216
(cid:1)HowtoChangeaSystem’sHostName 217
16 ManagingDiskUse(Tasks) 219
DisplayingInformationAboutFilesandDiskSpace 219
(cid:1)HowtoDisplayInformationAboutFilesandDiskSpace 220
CheckingtheSizeofFiles 222
(cid:1)HowtoDisplaytheSizeofFiles 222
(cid:1)HowtoFindLargeFiles 223
(cid:1)HowtoFindFilesThatExceedaSpecifiedSizeLimit 223
CheckingtheSizeofDirectories 224
(cid:1)HowtoDisplaytheSizeofDirectories,Subdirectories,andFiles 224
(cid:1)HowtoDisplaytheUserOwnershipofLocalUFSFileSystems 226
FindingandRemovingOldorInactiveFiles 227
(cid:1)HowtoListtheNewestFiles 227
(cid:1)HowtoFindandRemoveOldorInactiveFiles 228
(cid:1)HowtoClearOutTemporaryDirectories 229
(cid:1)HowtoFindandDeletecoreFiles 230
(cid:1)HowtoDeleteCrashDumpFiles 230
10 SystemAdministrationGuide:AdvancedAdministration(cid:127)May2002