SustAqua Fish Farms LTD. - Sarnissa

22 Pages·2010·1.44 MB·English

Sustainable Industrial Integrated Organic Aquaculture (SIIOA)
Tilapia farm capable of producing 1600 tonnes per annum.
SustAqua Fish Farms LTD.
Prepared by
Ramon M. Kourie
February 2010
Sustainable Industrial Integrated Organic Aquaculture (SIIOA)
Tilapia farm capable of producing 1600 tonnes per annum.
Introduction
(cid:137) Sustainable Industrial Integrated Organic Aquaculture" (abbrev. SIIOA) a
new innovation in the agro-aquaculture sector.
(cid:137) SIIOA = large-scale sustainable agro-ecological approach to aquaculture a
new standard in food fish farming viz. food safety, production efficiency,
community involvement and environmental impact.
(cid:137) SIIOA = ECOSYSTEM approach to multi-trophic aquaculture.
(cid:137) SIIOA = Includes two sub-farming systems;
1) BIOFLOC RAS - the fish rearing component (a second fish species
is possible) and,
2) the AQUATIC PLANT NUTRIENT RECOVERY LAGOONS .
(cid:137) Presentation introduces the SIIOA Tilapia farming model designed by
SustAqua Fish Farms Ltd (R.S.A) presently being developed for Pacific Ltd t/a
Chambo Fisheries near Limbe, Malawi.
SIIOA Fish Farming Model - NITROGEN RECOVERY in TILAPIA'S
Sub-farming system 1: Sub-farming system 2:
Lemna minor BIOFLOC Tilapia Production
Food Source
Manure Input
for Tilapia
Sequential Water Use
Tilapia
= Zero Effluent
Nutrient Recovery
24% protein diet at FCR of 1.3:1 THEN input N : output N of 1 : 0.506 (or 50.6%) in sub-farming system 1 -
BIOFLOC RAS - and 22.1% N recovery through sub-farming system 2 - AQUATIC PLANT NUTRIENT
RECOVERY LAGOONS.
Combined N recovery for both sub-farming systems could approach 79% when 50% of the N voided by fish is
recovered by the Lemna duckweed then processed and fed back to the fish at FCR = 1.3:1 giving a final N
recovery contribution of 22.1% by Lemna duckweed when 25% of ration is fed as molasses to the tank.
FEED COST per kg fish produced = US$0.178/kg whole fish at feed cost US$137/tonne.
NITROGEN RECOVERY IN BIOFLOC RAS TILAPIA CULTURE
32% protein feed at FCR =1.3: 1 fed at 75% of full
ration + 25% of full ration fed as molasses to the
tank.
C:N ratio = 16:1
%P fed = 32.475%*0.75 = 24.36%
FCR = 1.3:1
Gives input : output N of 56.9%
Input N = ((%P *10)/6.25)*FCR
feed
= ((24.36%*10)/6.25)*1.3
= 50.6g N fed/kg fish
Output N = ((%P *10)/6.25)
fish
= ((18%*10)/6.25)
Waste sent to Lemna duckweed nutrient = 28.8g N/kg fish
recovery lagoons for further N recovery
Input N: Output N = 28.8g N/50.6g N
where 50% of voided N recovered by
= 0.569
Lemna and final N recovery = 79% when
fed to fish at FCR = 1.3:1 where 25% of or, = 56.9%
nutrient inputs = molasses.
Feed cost/kg fish at US$137/t (US$0.137/kg)
Technology SUSTAINABLE
= US$0.178/kg at FCR 1.3:1
NITROGEN RECOVERY IN TYPICAL CAGE CULTURE OF TILAPIA'S
32% protein feed at FCR =1.8: 1
Gives input : output N of 31.3%
Input N = ((%P *10)/6.25)*FCR
feed
= ((32%*10)/6.25)*1.8
= 92.16g N fed/kg fish
Output N = ((%P *10)/6.25)
fish
= ((18%*10)/6.25)
= 28.8g N/kg fish
Input N: Output N = 28.8gN/92.16gN
= 0.3125
No opportunity to recover the
wasted nutrients – all wasted or, = 31.25%
nutrients discharged to surface
Feed cost/kg fish at US$800/t (US$0.80/kg)
water bodies.
= US$1.26/kg at FCR 1.8
Technology NOT SUSTAINABLE
Input/Output N Recovery and Feed Cost in Intensive Tilapia Culture.
Input/Output Nitrogen (N) recovery and unit input feed costs as a function of fish rearing system
Description of Production System and Feed Inputs Input/Output Feed cost
N recovery, % as US$/kg fish
24%P at FCR at potentially <1.0: 1 in BIOFLOC RAS tanks, C:N ratio 16:1, US$137/t 79.00 0.1780
32%P at FCR 1.299: 1 in Greenwater RAS tanks, C:N ratio 8-10:1, US$165/t 64.72 0.2143
32%P at FCR 1.4074: 1 in clean-water tanks, extruded feed, US$800/t 39.97 1.1200
32%P at FCR 1.6336: 1 in clean-water tanks, pressed-pellets, US$700/t 34.43 1.1375
32%P at FCR 1.8:1 in large cages, extruded feeds, US$800/t 31.25 1.4400
Input/Output N Recovery as a function of fish rearing system and feed
quality
24%P, FCR <1.0:1 BIOFLOC RAS tanks, C: N ratio
16:1, 22% N recovery via duckweed.
32%P, FCR 1.3:1Greenwater RAS, C:N ratio 8-10:1,
22% N recovery via duckweed.
32%P, FCR 1.4:1 Extruded Feed Clean-Water tanks,
RAS or “Flow-through”no N recovery.
32%P, FCR 1.6:1 Pressed Feed Clean-Water tanks,
RAS or “Flow-through”no N recovery.
32%P, FCR 1.8:1 Extruded Feed Cages, no N
recovery.
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
N Recovery, %
Duckweed – packed with vitamins, minerals and good quality protein.
Composition of the essential amino acids (% of protein) in
fishmeal, soy bean meal and duckweed, Lemna gibba* and Lemna minor*
Amino acid Fishmeal Soy bean meal Lemna gibba Lemna minor
(Menhaden) (mech.extuded) (Hurfeish clone) (Hadera clone)
Arginine 5.60 7.50 8.50 9.26
Histidine 2.60 2.50 2.20 2.30
Isoleucine 4.40 4.70 4.80 4.24
Leucine 7.40 7.70 8.20 7.80
Lysine 7.30 6.20 6.40 6.90
Methionine
(+ Cystine) 3.90 2.50 2.40 2.00
Phenylalanine
(+tyrosine) 7.20 8.60 6.00 9.44
Threonine 4.90 4.30 5.30 4.78
Tryptophan 1.30 1.30 nd nd
Valine 5.30 4.80 6.00 5.57
* Values for Lemna gibba are averages from two sets of pooled data.
Source data: Lemna gibba and Lemna minor from Portah etal 1979 A close-up view of the Lemna and
Spirodelagenus of duckweed species.
Fishmeal and soybean meal from NRC 1983.
Single Module SIIOA BIOFLOC RAS – one of four = 1600 tonne per annum
60m 21.5m 33m
J
K
G
F
B
L I H
N
A
M
72.5m
1 1
P P
S S
A A
D A/ A/
C
E
14.3m
LEGEND
A - 917m^2 Arizona solar ponds F - Floor Heat Exchanger K - Purging Tank
B - Broodstock Pairing Tanks G - Blower room L - Inter-Tank Fish Transfer
C - IFF Greenwater Nursery RAS H - Overhead Air Supply Pipeline Channel/ Effluent Channel
D - IFF Greenwater Grow-Out RAS I - Overhead "Make-up" Water Supply Pipeline M - Lamella Separator (Soilds Removal)
E - Laboratory/ Feed Store/ Hatching House J - Hydronic Hot Water Supply Pipeline N - Effluent Drainage Pipeline
1600 tonne per annum BIOFLOC - SIIOA Fish Farming Model.
670m
D
LEGEND
B A- IFF 280t Module
C B- Duckweed Lagoons
C- Water Supply System
D- Duckweed Drying
E Tunnels
E- Nutrified Reservoirs
F- Moist Feed
Drying Tunnels
G- Molasses Storage
H- Warehouse 1
I - Warehouse 2
A
520m
H
G F
I
SIIOA large-scale tilapia
farm under development for
Pacific LTD in Malawi.
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