STUDIES ON INSECT PEST COMPLEX OF MAIZE

143 Pages·2013·4.44 MB·English

STUDIES ON INSECT PEST COMPLEX OF
MAIZE (Zea mays Linn.) IN DIFFERENT
CROPPING SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT
OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS

KHANDAGALE SACHIN RAMCHANDRA

B.Sc. (Ag.)

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE

(ENTOMOLOGY)

2013
STUDIES ON INSECT PEST COMPLEX OF
MAIZE (Zea mays Linn.) IN DIFFERENT
CROPPING SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT
OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS

BY

KHANDAGALE SACHIN RAMCHANDRA

B.Sc. (Ag.)

THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE
ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE

(ENTOMOLOGY)

CHAIRPERSON: Dr. K. MANJULA

DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY
SRI VENKATESWARA AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, TIRUPATI
ACHARYA N.G. RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
RAJENDRANAGAR, HYDERABAD – 500 030

2013
DECLARATION

I, KHANDAGALE SACHIN RAMCHANDRA, hereby declare
that the thesis entitled “STUDIES ON INSECT PEST COMPLEX OF
MAIZE (Zea mays Linn) IN DIFFERENT CROPPING SYSTEMS AND
MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR INSECT PESTS” submitted to the Acharya
N.G. Ranga Agricultural University for the award of degree of Master of
Science in Agriculture is the result of original research work done by me.
I also declare that no material contained in the thesis has been published
earlier in any manner.

Place: (KHANDAGALE SACHIN RAMCHANDRA)
Date : I.D. No.: TAM/2011-11

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Certificate

Mr. KHANDAGALE SACHIN RAMCHANDRA has satisfactorily
prosecuted the course of research and that thesis entitled “STUDIES ON
INSECT PEST COMPLEX OF MAIZE (Zea mays Linn) IN DIFFERENT
CROPPING SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR INSECT
PESTS” submitted is the result of original research work and is of sufficiently
high standard to warrant its presentation to the examination. I also certify
that neither the thesis nor its part thereof has been previously submitted by
him for a degree of any university.
Place: (Dr. K. MANJULA)
Chairperson
Date: Associate Professor
Dept. of Entomology
S.V. Agricultural College
Tirupati – 517 502, A.P.

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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the thesis entitled “STUDIES ON INSECT
PEST COMPLEX OF MAIZE (Zea mays Linn) IN DIFFERENT
CROPPING SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR INSECT
PESTS” submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of
degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE to the Acharya
N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad, is a record of the bonafide
research work carried out by KHANDAGALE SACHIN RAMCHANDRA
under our guidance and supervision.
No part of the thesis has been submitted by the student for any other
degree or diploma. The published part and all assistance and help received
during the course of the investigations have been duly acknowledged by the
author of the thesis.

Thesis approved by the Student’s Advisory Committee:

Chairperson : Dr. K. MANJULA
Associate professor
Dept. of Entomology, _______________
S.V. Agricultural College
Tirupati – 517 502, A.P.

Member : Dr. V. SUMATHI
Professor
Dept. of Agronomy, _______________
S.V. Agricultural College
Tirupati – 517 502, A.P.

Member : Dr. K.V. Hariprasad
Assistant Professor,
Dept. of Entomology _______________
S.V. Agricultural College,
Tirupati – 517 502, A.P.

Date of final viva-voce: 28-10-2013

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
It is by the unfathomable grace and lovish blessings of the omnipotent Gods
Vinayaka, Vitthala & Venkateswara, I have been able to bring to light this humble
piece of work for which I am eternally indebted.
This thesis is the end of my journey in obtaining my M. Sc (Entomology) degree.
I have not traveled in a vacuum in this journey. This thesis has been kept on track and
been seen through to completion with the support and encouragement of numerous
people including, my teachers, my well wishers, my friends, my colleagues and my
lovely family. At the end of my thesis, I would like to thank all those people who made
this research work possible and an unforgettable experience for me.
I reckon it a privilege to work under the guidance of my major advisor
Dr. K. Manjula, Associate Professor, Department of Entomology, S.V. Agricultural
College, Tirupati. I am thankful to my mam for worthy counsel, stimulating guidance,
keen interest in planning and execution of the research, her boundless patience,
remarkable stream of ideas, constructive criticism, support, transcendent suggestions
which have enriched my work, abilities and moulded my career in a positive way,
without whose help, I could not have achieved a fraction of what I did. I am thankful to
almighty for giving me this rare opportunity of working under her indomitable spirit.
My literal power is too less to express my profound sense of gratitude,
thankfulness and indebtedness to Dr. V. Sumathi, Professor, Department of Agronomy,
S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, member of my advisory committee, for her
insightful guidance, affectionate encouragement, unflagging help, soft indefatigable
interest, whole hearted co-operation, cordial treatment and constant help in every
possible manner in all aspects rendered during the period of my study and preparation
of thesis manuscript.
I sincerely accentuate my everlasting gratitude to the revered member of my
advisory committee Ms. K. Devaki, Scientist, Department of Entomology, RARS,
Tirupati, for her unstinted help, support, suggestions and whole hearted co-operation
during the execution of my research work. I am always indebted to her for her timely
help whose affection, inspiration and encouragement moulded me throughout my
educational career.
I would also like to extend my huge and warm thanks to Dr. P. Rajendra Prasad
Professor and Head, Department of Entomology, S. V. Agricultural, Tirupati and
Dr. T. Murali Krishna, Principal Scientist, Department of Entomology, RARS, Tirupati,
for their frequent suggestions, inspiration and encouragement throughout my
educational career.
Furthermore, I would like to offer my special and esteemed thanks to,
Dr. K. Sreedevi, Senior Scientist, Dept. of entomology, IARI, New Delhi,
Dr. L. Prasanthi, Principal Scientist, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,
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RARS, Tirupati, Mr. E. Chandrayudu, Assistant Professor, Department of Entomology
and Mr. A. Rama Krishna Rao, Senior Scientist, Department of Entomology for their
valuable friendly suggestions and showering meticulous guidance to me.
I am very much thankful to Dr. B. Ravindra Reddy, Assistant Professor, Dept. of
statistic and mathematics, S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati for extending valuable
cooperation during research and analysis work.
I obediently acknowledge my gratitude to Sri T. Lokhanadam, Farm Manager,
S. V. Agriculture College, Tirupati and Sri. Chandramuni, A.E.O. with other field staff
for their sustained help and cooperation during my field work.
I joyfully recollect the wonderful days I enjoyed with my beloved friends Ajit,
Anil, S Raj, Shiva, Sunil, Shreeram, Ranjan, Naseer, Santhosh, Venky, Nagarjun,
Kona, Sri Hari, Ravi, Yogesh, Deva, Bharath, Sravani and Manasa without whose
affection and assistance I might have not joyfully accomplished my graduation.
During this work I have joyfully collaborated with my PG classmates friends
Shiva, Yogesh, and Vijji for whom I have a great regard. I owe my sincere thanks to my
beloved seniors, Manikhomba, Seemawat, Balanayak, Govardhan, Surendra,
Chaitanya, Prasanna, Lalithambika, Sharmila, Navatha, Sailaja, Aruna and my
senior Ph.D Scholar friends Mr. K. Pullam Raju and Dr. Prashant and beloved juniors
Chandu, Imtu, Ragile, Rasheed, Madhu, Bhaskar, Shilpa, Krishna & Haseena for
their generous help during the period of my study.
It is the right occasion to express my heartful thanks to SRFs Suma, Sujatha
and Srividhya, Non teaching staff Murali, Venkatesh, Prasad, Purushottam, Pandu,
Varalakshmi and Pushpamma of our department, Saradamma and Chengaiah
supporting staff, Department of Entomology, Regional Agricultural Research Station,
Tirupati for their sustained help and cooperation during my research work.
I am very much grateful of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR),
New Delhi for providing me the opportunity to getting admission for Post graduate
programme in Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Hyderabad. I thankful of
university, for providing all the facilities extended during the period of my Post
graduate programme.
Last but not least, I would like to pay high regards to my Bhau-Tai (parents),
Abhi (sister) and Navvu (brother) for their sincere encouragement and inspiration
throughout my research work and lifting me uphill this phase of life, I owe everything to
them. Besides this, several people have knowingly and unknowingly helped me in the
successful completion of this work, thanks to one and all.

KK.. SSaacchhiinn RRaammcchhaannddrraa……

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LIST OF CONTENTS
Chapter No. Title Page No.
I INTRODUCTION 1 – 3
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4 – 21
III MATERIAL AND METHODS 22 – 32
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 33 – 102
V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 103 – 105
LITERATURE CITED 106 – 120
APPENDIX 121

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LIST OF TABLES

Table Page
Title
No. No.
3.1 Details of the insecticides used for field application 31
4.1 Impact of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 36
Shoot bug (Peregrinus maidis)
4.2 Impact of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 39
Sugarcane leaf hopper (Pyrilla perpusilla)
4.3 Impact of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 44
Black Leaf hopper (Proutista moesta)
4.4 Impact of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 47
aphid (Rophalosiphum maidis)
4.5 Impact of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 52
Pod Bug (Riptortus pedestris)
4.6 Impact of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 56
Green plant bug (Nezara viridula)
4.7 Impact of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 61
Helicoverpa armigera
4.8 Impact of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 63
Sugarcane leaf folder (Marasmia trapezalis)
4.9 Impact of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 65
Grasshoppers (Cyrtacanthacris tatarica and Trilophidia annulata)
4.10 The status of insect pests of maize at different crop growth 67
stages (kharif-2012)
4.11 Correlation of insect pest complex in kharif sown maize 69
cropping systems with weather factors
4.12 Influence of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 73
Coccinellid Adults (Cheilomenes sexmaculata, Coccinella
septumpunctata and Coccinella transversalis)
4.13 Influence of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 75
Coccinellid Grubs (Cheilomenes sexmaculata, Coccinella
septumpunctata and Cooccinella transversalis)
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4.14 Influence of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 78
spider population
4.15 Influence of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 81
tachnid parasitic fly (Carcelia illota)
4.16 Influence of intercropping in kharif maize on occurrence of 83
parasitic wasp’s population
4.17 Occurrence of different natural enemies in kharif sown 86
maize systems
4.18 Yield and economics of different cropping systems of maize 89
(kharif-2012)
4.19 Performance of newer insecticides against Shoot bug 91
(Peregrinus maidis) in kharif maize
4.20 Performance of newer insecticides against Sugarcane leaf 93
hopper (Pyrilla perpusilla)
4.21 Performance of newer insecticides against Black Leaf 95
Hopper (Proutista moesta) in kharif maize
4.22 Performance of newer insecticides against Aphid 96
(Rophalosiphum maidis) in kharif maize
4.23 Performance of newer insecticides against Green plant bug 98
(Nezara viridula) in kharif maize

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