Stratigraphic correlations between the continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian

75 Pages·1998·22.2 MB·English

by  Alexander Maslo

stratigraphie corrélations between
the continental and marine Tethyan
and Peri-Tethyan basins during
the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian
Alain IZART <’). Denis VASLET (2), Céline BRIAND (D, Jean BROUTIN O),
Robert COQUEL W, Vladimir DAVYDOV «s), Martin DONSIMONI (2),
Mohammed El WARTITI W, Talgat ENSEPBAEV (7), Mark GELUK («>,
Nathalya GOREVA (9>, Naci GÔRÜR dO), Nayyer IQBAL <”), Geroi JOLTAEV <7),
Olga KOSSOVAYA 02), Karl KRAINER Jean-Pierre LAVEINE (-»>,
Maria MAKHLINA <1“), Alexander MASLO ^s), Tamara NEMIROVSKAYA OS),
Mahmoud KORA de), Raissa KOZITSKAYA hs), Dominique MASSA
Daniel MERCIER ds), Olivier MONOD OS), Stanislav OPLUSTIL (20),
Jôrg SCHNEIDER (21), Hans SCHÔNLAUB <22). Alexander STSCHEGOLEV «’s»,
Peter SÜSS (23), Daniel VACHARD («>, Gian Battista VAI <2‘»l,
Anna VOZAROVA (25), Tuvia WEISSBROD (26), Albin ZDANOWSKI (27)
(see appendix 2 for addresses)
Izart A. et ai 1998. — Stratigraphie corrélations between the continental and marine
Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian, in
Crasquin-Soleau S., Izart A., Vaslet D. & De Wever P. (eds), Peri-Tethys: stratigraphie cor¬
rélations 2, Geodiversitas 20 (4) : 521-595.
ABSTRACT
The compilation of detailecl stratigraphie, sedimentologic and paléontologie
data resulted in stratigraphie corrélations of marine and continental areas
outeropping today in the Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan domains: (1) the base of
the Moscovian would correspond to rhe base of rhe Wcsiphalian C in the
Peri-Tethyan domain and to the base of the WestphaJian B in the Tethyan
domain; (2) ihc Kasimovian, the Gzhelian and ihe Orenburgian would cor¬
respond in the northern Peri-Tethyan domain and Tethyan domain (Garnie
Alps) respectively to the early Scephanian, the late Stephanian and the
KEYWORDS
Autunian p.p., in the Southern Peri-Tethyan domain to an undifFerentiaied
Peri-l'ethys,
biostratiçraphy, time interval. The boundary between the Stephanian and the Autunian was
Carboniferous, recognized in the üonets Basin with some doubts; (3) the Asselian,
Permian,
Sakmarian, Artinskian and Kungurian would correspond in ail the domains
Tethys,
stratigraphie corrélations. to the Autunian p.p. and the Saxonian thar remain difficult to separate.
GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 521
Izart A. et al.
RÉSUMÉ
Corrélations stratigraphiques dans les bassins téthysiens et péri-téthysiens au
Carbonifère supérieur et au Permien inférieur. Des corrélations sont proposées
entre les domaines marins et continentaux du Paléozoïque supérieur affleu¬
rant aujourd’hui dans le domaine térhyslen et sur les plate-formes qui le bor¬
dent au nord et au sud; (1) la base du Moscovien correspondrait dans le
domaine péri-téthysien h la base du Westphalien C et dans le domaine céthy-
sien à la base du Westphalien B *, 12) le Kasimovien, le (Izhéiien et
rOrenburgien correspondraieni dans le domaine nord péti-téthyden et dans
le domaine térbysicn (Alpes carniques) respectivement au Stéphanien infé¬
rieur. supérieur et Autunien ppr^ dans le domaine sud péri-cérhysien à un
MOTS CLÉS intervalle de temps indilTcrcndc, la correspondance n'cfant pas établie préci¬
Péri-Ttîchjs,
biostratigmphie, sément. La limite encre le .Stéphanien et l’Aurunien a été reconnue dans le
Carhonifère, bassin du Donetz avec incertitudes ; (3) TAs-sélien, le Sakmarien, l’Artinskicn,
Permitîi,
le Kunguricn correspondraient dans tous les domaines à l’Autunien p.p. et au
Tethys,
corrélations stratigraphîqucs. Saxonien, qui restent difficile à différencier.
INTRODUCTION BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATIONS
BETWEEN THE MARINE AND
In the frame of the IGCP 343, a syiitbesis of the CONTINENTAL DOMAINS
published and original data Irom eastern and
western Europe, northern Africa and Arabia is Corrélations are proposed for the Bashkirian-
presented. I hree litho- and chronostratigraphic Moscovian and Namurian-Wesrphalian cime
cross-sections (location Fig, 1 ) show the results intervals in the northern Peri-Terhyan domain
in threc domains outeropping nowadays in the (Fig. 8). Sinirsyn et al. (1978), Yablokov et al.
northern Pcri-d’ethvan domain (Fig- 2, Tnset (1978), Aisenverg et ai (1978), Makhlina et al.
Fig. 1), in the Tethyan domain (Fig. 3, Inset (1979), Solovieva (1985), Solovieva et ai (1985a,
Fig. 2) and in the Southern Peri-Fethyan domain b), Kagarmanov Donakova (1990)v Izart et al.
(Fig. 4, Inset Fig. 3'). Biostratigraphic corréla¬ (1996), Izart et al. (1998), Makhlina étal,
tions are proposed in the northern Peri-Terhyan (1997), Vachard & Maslo (1996), Hinoir et al.
domain (Fig. 5) beiwecn the marine eastern (1996), Briand et al. (1998), Zhamoida (in
basins (Russia, Ukraine) and the continental press), Ensepbaev et ai (this volume) described
western basins (France, Germany), and are exten- the Carboniferous of the Ural, Moscow, Donets
ded to the other domains (Figs 6, 7). Moreover, and Prccaspian (Kazakhstan) Basins. The
the latirudinal corrélations berween the conti¬ Bashkirian and Moscovian show thin and
nental basins and the correUrions based on the medium bedded lime.stones in the Moscow and
sequencc sttatigraphy allow Co test the climatic, Ural Basins. L^uring this time, lhe Donets was a
eustatic and tectonic factors. The radiochrono- paralic basin with thick alternations of iluvial
logic data chart ol Hess & l.ippolr (1986) and of sandstone, palcosol, coal, marine limesione and
Menning (1995) are chosen for the Late Carbo- claystone, deltaic siltstone and sandstone. In
niferous and for the Permian respectively. eastern Europe, fusulinid, conodont and coral
522 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4)
Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian
Fig. 1. — Location of cross-sections on the paleogeographic map of the North Hemisphere during the Lower Permian modified after
Scolese & Langford (1995). Land in while. shallow sea in stipple, océan in waves, active plate boundaries in bold lines. AB, cross-
section of the northern Peri-Tethyan Basins: CD. cross-section of the Tethyan Basins; EF, cross-section of the Southern Peri-
Tethyan Basins.
biozones werc defined for the Bashkirian, ne a bioscracigraphy and a chronoscracigraphy
Moscovian> Kasimovian> Gzhelian and marine Framework (Fig. 5). The distribution of flora for
Early Permian (Fig. 5). See also for ihc fusuli- the North France coal basin (Laveine 1987) and
nids, Davv'dov (1996) and the table in Krainer &c microflora for western Europe (Clayton et ai
Davydov (this volume) and tor che corals 1977) arc prcscnted for the Naniurian and
Kossovaya (1996) and Kosso^^ya (this volume). Westphalian. Phe basins of Lorraine (Don.simonî
In the paralic basin.s oi western Europe, the 1981), the Netherlands (Geluk), the Ruhr
Namurian and the Westphalian présent thick (Fiebig 1969; Josten 1991), Poland (Zdanowski
alternations of fluvial sandsione, palcosoL coal, & Zaltowa 1995), the Czech (Üplusril Pesek
marine, lagoonal and lacustrine claystone, deltaic this volume) and Slovak (Vozarova this volume)
siltstone and sandstone. The flora allows to défi- Republics, the Caucasus (Chernyavsky et al.
GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 523
Izart A. et al.
AGE Continental FRANCE GERMANY DONETS MOSCOW URAL Marine
(Ma) STAGES STAGES
274
Irensk
Kungurian
277 Philippovsk
SAALE
Saraninsk
Saxonian Sarginsk
Artinskian
Irginsk
Hornburg
283 Burtsevsk
Z
<
Sterlitamak
Kramatorsk Sakmarian UJ
AUTUN Œ
Tastubsk IIJ
Millery $
O
290 Surmoulin _i
Muse Sennewitz Slavjansk Shikansk
Autunian Igornay Nikitovsk Sokolvesarsk Asselian
Halle
Epinac Kartamysh Kholodnolozk
296
Melekhovo
SAINT- Mironovsk Noginsk Orenburgian
ETIENNE
300 Mansfeid Zianchurinsk
Couronnement Pavlov-Posad
Janon Kalinovsk Amerevo Gzhelian
302
Dofogomilovo
Stephanian Gîer Grillenberg Torezk Khamovnichi Abzanovsk Kasimovian
305 Krevyakino C/)
Westphalian N FRANCE RUHR Sanjarovsk Myachkovo Occ
LU
308 D AsBsriusea yd e Ibbenburen Sabovsk Podolsk Bolshekynsk Moscovian OLZL.
Westphalian Lembeck Marievsk Kashira C(cid:9633)Q:
311 C Dorsten Kamensk Verela Kirovsk Oo<c
313 WestpBh alian A. d'Anzin HEosrsset n Krasnodonsk Upper Aza Asatausk LCC3ULL
Westphalian A.de Vicoiqne Bochum Makeevsk
Tashatinsk
315 A Witten Zuevsk Bashkirian
317 NamCu rian A. de Fllnes Sprockhôve! BMlaagnoudllaotvnsekn sk Lower Aza Askynbashsk
Namunan Vorhalle Akavask
Feninsk
319 B Hagen Siuransk
Fig. 2. — The formations of the northern Peri-Tethyan Basins.
1978) and North Turkey (Zonguldak; Kerey et northern Peri-Tethyan Basin, where the corréla¬
al. 1985; Gôrur et ai 1997) are also considered tion between the marine and continental
in this study. The Donets Basin is the only domains has been attempted. In this basin, the
524 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4)
Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian
AGE Continental SPAIN ITALY CARNIC IRAN Marine
(Ma) STAGES ALPS STAGES
274
Kungurian
PALENCIA PICOS DE
277 EUROPA
Goggau
Saxonian
Artinskian
Tressdorf
283
N
Trogkofei A
MI
R
E
Upper Pseudo Sakmarian P
unnamed -Schwagerina ER
W
O
290 Dorud L
Asselian
Autunian Grenziand
/
296
Rio
Marina Lower Pseudo
-Schwagerina
Orenburgian
Villablino Camizza
300 Auernig
Sabero
Corona Gzhelian
302
Stephanian Pizzul
Barruelo Puentelles Kasimovian
Spirifer
Meledis
305 Cantabrian Branosera Gamonedo CO
Bombaso Gheseighaieh
O
Wesiphalian Central QLUC
D ASTURIAS U.
308 Sama San Antonio Moscovian ZO
en
Westphalian QC
C Picos de <ü
311 Europa y QC
Westphalian Lena LCUL
313 B X C3L
Westphalian
315 A Carpineta
Namurian
317 C Valdeteja Valdeteja
Bashkirian
Namurian
319 B _1
Fig. 3. — The formations of the Tethyan Basins.
GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 525
Izart A. et al.
AGE Continental MOROCCO ALGERIA TUNISIA LIBYA OMAN Marine
(Ma) STAGES Cyrenaica STAGES
274
Kungurian
277
Saxonian unnamed Lower
limestones Gharif Artinskian
283
N
A
MI
unnamed unnamed R
unnamed limestones limestones Sakmarian PE
R
E
KRP2 W
O
290 L
unnamed
Asselian
Autunian limestones
/ KRP1
296
Al Khiata
Orenburgian
Senhadja
300
Gzhelian
302 unnamed
unnamed limestones
Stephanian limestones Kasimovian
CO
305 MEZARIF KRC3 3O
Œ
Westphalian JERADA LU
LL
D Nekheila unnamed Z
308 Assise de limestones Moscovian O
CD
Jerada cr
Westphalian KRC2 <
C O
311 Carbonates cc
Westphalian F. inférieure de base LCUL
B de Jerada CL
313 3
Westphalian Schiste
A supérieur
315 unnamed unnamed Bashkirian
Namurian limestones limestones
317 C Schiste
Namurian inférieur
319 B
Fig. 4. — The formations of the Southern Peri-Tethyan Basins.
526 GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4)
Continental and marine Tethyan and Peri-Tethyan Basins during the Late Carboniferous and the Early Permian
flora arc closed to western Europe unes somc occurrences of xcrophytic plants (Auttinia
(Fissunenko &c Laveine 1984), but some diffé¬ coajeria^ Lodema mcklcsii). The biozonaçion of
rences could bc somctimes noted. The microflora Clayton et al (1977) applies in Saint-Étienne
présents a local bjozonation (Coquel étal 1984). wirh some occurrences of xcrophytic sporcs wirh
At the boundary bcm^ecn the Wesrphalian R and Potûineisporites tiovicus and Virtatina sp.
C, a disharmony h observed in the appearance of Alternation of hygrophyric and 'cerophjaic floras
species more precocious or later in the Doaets and microfloras are observed chroiigh the late
Basin rhan in western Europe. 1 hé base ot the Stephanian in numerous basins (Broutin et al
Moscovian would be inside the Westplialian B or 1986, 1990). The basins of Lorraine (Donsimoni
ai the base ofrhê Wesiphalian C (Fig. S). 1981 ). the Saale (Schneidert ^ Gebhardt 199.5),
Corrélations are prupü.sed for the Kasiinovian- Poland (Zdanowski* this paper), the Czech
Gzhclian-Orenburgian and the Stephanian- (Opiusti! this paper) and Siovak (Vozarova chis
Autunian in the northern Péri-Icthyan domain. paper) I6:pubiics, the Caucasus (Chernyavsk}^ et
The Kasimovian, tlie Gzhelian and clic al 1978) and North Turkey (Kerey ei al 1985)
Orenburgian show thin linie.stones in the are also considered. In the Donets Basin (fhg. 8),
Moscow Basin and rhick paralic faciès in the chc hiûzonation of flora is local (Boyanna, in
Donets Basin. The Kasimovian, the Gzhelian press, Izart et ai 1998) wirh some cornmon
and the Orenburgian (Fig. 5) présent fusulinid, plants as Astherotbeca lawuriann in the lace
conodonr and coral biozoncs in the Moscow, Stephanian. There were alrernations of hygro-
Ural and Ponets Basins. Davydov (1990> 1992) phytic and xerophyric flora and microflora
moved the Ultradaixlna bosbytauensis biozone {Latieina nickleshy Potorïmsptmtes novian) in the
from the Asselian to the late Gzhelian- The Orenburgian (Sfschegolcv Aisenverg et al.
houndanes of rhis biozone présent an iincertain- 1978; Stschegolev Kozitskaya 1984; Izarf étal
ly, becausc Davydov defined chis biozone in the 1998), The Kasimovian (Fig. 8) would be équi¬
carbonated marine fâcics of the pre-Donets Basin valent to the early Stephanian. The Gzhehan
in Russia, whcreas chc Donets Basin in Ukraine (Fig. 8) would be rhe équivalent of rhe late
shows lagoonal faciès without fusulinids. Then, Stephanian, the Orenburgian of tbe early
Davydov (1996) put the Üaixtna sokemis and Autiinian p.p. if we refer to the appearance of tbe
Uliradaixinn bo^bytanensis hiozones in the xerophyric plants, or of the late Stephanian if we
Orenburgian, between the Gzhdian and the refer to rhe acme of the xerophyric plants. The
Asselian. The boundary between the Carbo¬ beginning of the sédimentation in rhe
niferous and the Permian is located at the top ot Stephanian and Autunian Basin.s thar dépends on
the Orenburgian. The Srephanian, defined in clic cheir tccconic openLng will bc heterochronous in
limnic basin of Saint-Étienne, was subdividcd by western Europe.
Doubinger et al (199SJ into a carly Stephanian Corrélations arc proposed between rhe marine
(Barruelian) corresponding to the Stephanian A and continental Early Permian in the northern
and an late Stephanian (Forezian) coricsponding Peri-Tcthyan domain. The marine Early Permian
to the Stephanian B and G with a précise biozo¬ was defined in the Ural Basin (Chuvashov 1993).
nation of flora (Fig. 5). l'hc Stephanian présents The Asselian, the Sakmarian, the Artinskian
breccia along the sides ot the basin and beustrine Stages hâve a carbonate faciès wbeieas lhe
claystone and coal in the center (Becq-Giraudon Kungurian is evaporiiic. Bioz.ones ot fusulinids,
et al. 1995, Mctcier this paper), The early conodonts and corals were defined (Fig. 8). The
Stephanian exhibits hygrophytic l.ycopliytes and new Permian chrono.stradgraphic subdivisions
Filicophytes (Pecopteris Astherolbeca lamuria- (Yugan 1996; Yugan étal 1997) were urilized. In
na^ Fig. 5) and présents Westplialian affinities. the Moscow Basin, the Asselian is carbonated
The lace Stephanian shows hygrophyric and in rhe Donets Basin, the Asselian and rhe
Pteridosperma-phyces and Lycophytes. Sakrnprian exhibit red claystone and evaporites.
pteris sp-, Pecopteris sp., Sphenoptens sp., Aietho- The Autunian, defined in the limnic basin of
pteris zeillerl Sphenophyllmn angustifoUuni} and Aucun (Fig, 5), shows fluvial sandstone and
GEODIVERSITAS • 1998 • 20(4) 527
K) Iz
a
00 rt A
. e
WESTERN EUROPE (FRANCE • GERMANY) EASTERN EUROPE (DONETS • MOSCOW - PERM) t al.
Age Sequencea Gonlatitas Flora Microflora CONTINENTAL Sequences Flora Microflora Fwainltiilera Conodonts Corals MARINE
(Ma), (1) (2) (3) (4) STAGES (1) ' (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) STAGES
Parsfusuüna
scHOissima
KUNGURIAN
Nüdosaria pugfoiOaa
Neosfrepto-
gnathodus
pequoppensis
Lophophylli-
àium sp.
Pseudofusulma
jaresartensis
Prolotonsda-
Sweetognaihadus /eiasfraea
wPitei fungsanensts
PseodotusuOna
ptxfisséqoa
P$euOoiu3uf\na SWi»elognarnadus
urdelensis pnmuS hngiseptata
PaeuOofusuhna Naooooiloiella P Wsspiafa
veme<Mt(i
lata
Titna/iia
sünpNpvi
Paeudofusot/na f^ffpnooleila Hmiaatig/JrajitfrKuiaa
moefferi urstànsis
Spriaasjpvhsacàewncaaÿ ffpna SfrpacpsiitWmiaacin/sû M.%jI psHeutedoopfafi/rargnaen s
G
E Tat^üssovsksnJel
OD Siroptogoathüdus çaptiosa
IVE Sphaemrooseclfljewna genna |\ Stæptognethodij$\
R constnctus
S
ITAS Spdaeroschwagerina Strcerpistoteginiaartihso dusl FerguerarKlic^uhmyh m
• fusiionnis
1
9
9
8

•
2
0
(4
)
O
m
O
g
<
m
J3
CO
CO
CO
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ro
O
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C
o
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tin
e
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ta
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a
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a
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Fig. 5. — Biostratigraphy and chronostraligraphy of the northem Peri-Tethyan Basins. 1, Izart (this paper); 2, Bouroz et ai (1978); 3. Laveine (1987), Broutin (this paper); 4. Clayton d th
Séotalol.v 0ie9v7a7 e)t. aCio q(1u9e8t 5&a ,B bro).u tDina v(tyhdiso vp a(p1e9r9);0 ,51, 9F9i2ss),u nCehnukvoa s&h oLva v(e1i9n9e3 ()1, 9V8a4c),h Sartdsc &h eMgoalselvo &(t hBisr opuatipne r()th; i8s, pAapleekr)s;e e6v. ,C Gooqrueevt aé. taKlo. z(i1ts9k8a4y)a, I8n oNsoevmai reotv aski a(y1a9 7(6th)i,s Bpraopuetirn) ; (t9h. isK poaspseorv)a; y7a, e Ea
(this paper). rly
P
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