Table Of ContentProceedings of WTC I
‘Word Tribology Congress Ii
‘September 12-16, 2005, Washington, DC
WTC2005-63249
SOLID LUBRICATION BY MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES IN AIR AND IN VACUUM FOR
‘SPACE AND AERONAUTICS APPLICATIONS
K. Miyoohi and KW. Stas, J
Natoral Ae-orautis and Space Adiirisatan
‘he H Glens Research Canter at | ais Fis
Glaveland, Ohio 42255
FF Arran and Dail Jaa
University of Kentucky
Center for Applied Energy Reseach
‘Lexington, Kentucky 40611
ABSTRACT
Tu evaune eecely developed wigned putialled earnen
wustubes MNT.) anf igesed MBNTs. for thd
‘lunalin: “sppliosions, —caiwttin) aiding Rion
‘npn nae soucistd wi HOC mae el ale ad
‘Stuboheeal slayer stlcseed icone pw sic
sn sae MBN ileal on ace esi el
rf Uke nes unbaefat SORRLs ee sperce slid
Ibsicteea tncsve pupeties ard enuranee ives te aod
‘cub Lndst dr conditions Le cue sient of Beco of he
lupened WSs cove wo VUS ond DMD Sa aioe it
acaum, repetisels, sbowing gtd ey fabricating abi
“he tse le ef MWh v3 exceeds Lain pues fo buh 3
fd viseam. showing good suri. In Erne, the low
fcofciont of friviog am se athibud ty he enmbmtioe oF
The tte. agglenetak ala nf MMU at
umlepar hall pin sfc and ie oer bul
INTRODUCTION
Cuidor. naneabes (CNT) may be either singles ct
nkilled. Bt tyes pense” remarkable he el,
teins, jd oyna papi. Foe example, the Weng".
‘aides of Single walla! CNTs Ling Ske 1@- TPs ced
‘ce fase engl save wD CEP, wal vals
Ur mule’ CSTs eg several es. The ee sas,
Geyer ypua We CNT sian, erat diay lea
eels na detects ‘Their feguing stctres te eked
Saash solemn neon yearend Tig arin
{estou Rar been Jedieved ce oneseaeang hom. Aw
{Re GET een hesoly sage develop inthe Be
ff tihelogy, tbslopoe appileations may crags Bam suet
Sveae a sid Tican Mla ais igh Tabisarts aa
“This sx propo epi of parricdanssb os prostotation ata
‘Conseee, Bacau enangee may bs reads tolre fara
Bublerson, ta a mia avathe wih Iho bnirandg hati will
Sat be eta er epredicedaihoul re porgion ofa eur
atlaPm H Bloor Fsnaet Corto at
Ri. Vander va
‘The Natiayal Certer for icragravity Res
‘Claveland, Chis A413
A Sasie
Gage Wiese Reserve Jnivers 9
GIO Jotn 4. Glenr Research Cerrar at | emis Fatd
‘Govelanel, Ohio 4135
eines, aad cumple Gor wer guts 2} he vey
Uhjseve ol dhe sepon ie We amvalga.€ he. slemly wat
Coefciar of fetion and endivaace (Lene of ase
Puen ucaomise AMWNT3). aGch ne aigned MUERTE,
ata sd
MATERIALS.
The sbaoed MWA Ly were spuoeabwl wllin «Hoh
lerperave Lite Sarai cava U3 Kum em tal gual
Simeraict. The ipened, cngeapascel VWNT me
pense, pies MWY Goa ate see pre he
iegcinion em aun das ih ae Hale MW ST aes
Filed by evasation of eslien urder ere aiscgea Jes
Coming fms with fur fferone velar siceseat (OOS
126, LA and 252 pan) nas fbecaed. ale
Goncaise spaces MSN coaing es math Ue mania
EXPERIMENT
bulkor-dive aml pinunick tibunaies ese “rte
toa kb Mountee cmt wacinta ehaaber
eter expscimerte srt sult
Sith the aligned MEN cowings ond te espesetl WNL
(otgephitied and graphed) coucigs at ren ten erce
Ji O50 oteane eae bunt) end in vez 0"
aj Ak eaonmente sore condoned. with Grund
fe er halle ond fenaidarcarFeurde. oe
WW alanineyt a stusled aiesnia ive a lig
‘yon ake
iad of
tel 36
Toran (erin ie the BERN
‘ottnge tos deteminad w be Lie numberof gnats #1
the eettcent of Fietien mie es Q.13 ma given enesuamen,
ae
ntti the AIS le deta
‘Shug: All eeserments ore nsuced
Newt iackdsreter off mm, std a2 siding vel
L eppigne
Poeex sn yu we anos, bins fine, ar deb
ant mmocbucnces vom cel ai ighseeleina
meremivien cleo wiesoseopy AERTEM'. eli ony
the Tgwcweceepr (EELS), sehaniog olin -ereroenny
SUM anerpertaperice at apsekeopy {EDS}. ane
Sel seaming ones AS,
RESULTS ano DISCUSSION
Aligned MYST? Tai, the sleal-alate cation of
Ireson ae he liped MEST ex son: WE) £200
srr sol say beseen 0 028 aad UGS che avemge
cette ev effi se € Re, toc clout oe
ff ne aetage uctenent of inci Jer bane unre Ho
fected acti er el he pl MONT coating
-2K vee Abt ke wr sear emtned are
WHAT CRCM eventing reveal sirost x maf SC
irrle wal ond qe dn: Eile Even aor HOME
ee
veces, hs aesdy ate vets fron fe
signed MART voting tn telat wth she ys
Atbilisl Aron woe betees BOF? und 1, whi ar
Tate qt fast been D7 amd Us ae tart fr
fale nc as sae betwee U8 and 83, The veins
foo 1 Gist Fr Us aigeed BEWN'T ena a ert
sik sleemstiie sataze? sania vas O19, hotly ne
Thad wp ywetuely ol These lor bare quar end Wa Sle.
lyre che. The near Bie wf Hef al aligned MERE
ang in eoau sie alumnae ablinat slcara as
soe 3 700 pases.
‘Diginaed MANT# — wae. tke wanes coelisear of
fection Bee Cpe, eongraptaa MUNI cong He
fete wal sancnaeshrs eatoat sows se O28 The
see ans picar nonsagetices MNT cong
Senter ‘bas, 9 millon press Alwugh sort fe MAN
Fdnnkes eee ped Sut and piled at ah sides of he wean
rack, ed mesniot KIVA Ta rect 4 ake hy ioe
oust iad mained. inthe wear tock The geste,
Yagami BICNT lager een inthe set irk of Be
named SORT coating a2 assert the. Vers,
uagrephicae® MTT Une anstsiat lees stented,
Agglorcrsed fetches of MWNTS weve ind a Be set eat
sh at lle pes of tee ie seer Allaah the Wat seat
ontsined each erpatcted SORBET see, ft vessel she
sto cet na taaabilied Zeon
Tn ssciran, Se acetate coef ef Gt fr the
snared phone MIST casting cole ith lasing
ra Sid oon showed sea. Has il ton
‘votive hs avetege ener of Tien ome 0.09 fn ee
Tess ghee. L097 4 he sean pins, 334 wo ee tel pave,
sand (67 ir the tt pee ever I vil pesses The pest
ie of this pacer papitiad NSVNT connoy was eeu
shan | wllin pases SEMI shecyatnns veel ba bth the
sufose of We janis dh eal ata eile
tena a ply cua? cengne 2iy agglemenutd. pitcher of
MEIC nal wets pve Tm wee Seeuse om ee
HTM irwgoe fora oe of stress ste
eon te wove tak of aa elpaed MNT tating hath are
isan wi or ivorgaed doatioa of expel sling
tines in that thay ahaa an serge sewn cg
exter, eat MARTE ang MBPNTS ily Glue als
gewrated by Imre sliding friedon dation, The pacts
Metematon apturcls subdivide ane fragmert te nw ee
Ssrwctue oF MBNTS. Tes aso posse mathe Iezreted
uote ‘wails Febuve sila to Une owe coeyy lies
redsosd mien geal is wu ura yd Sahnot Me nate
Die suitor etrstral fice Lanage nf Ms ese
‘vi deh fon! tha wurtace. The thickest ofthe deca
Tago ae dep of lew i the rll ae Sates
ofteatiing clio ostion.
SDLID LUBRICATION MECHANISR'S
The greseove uf 4 shen unser film povided # ‘ine
cnofieiet of febun, Ube presence of te MAWNT ssn
The wea rch i whic murpacus carbon last ware Ral
pon tae eee ell the WNTs ding ling
huebuted te he ceetcient of ction. In petal, the Iie
‘yaliceal of (Fen can Be sire fa the evenbetn f
‘Be uanaer Fa ann Lass MWS,
hive Zaire cme tard redocig the steffi if
fein and prising pent, derbi pectinases) Fron
oivanceemuy be -petained the pel folng mnt nt
The MN "errger MINTS dat we tack 29 The ea
sea ef cumlct is raid by ths Nigh cliee rede te
MINES, wlamieacreea eetiined zien val ate aed £9
‘Tae aurice energy ate mrfie eile she veal
mwas
coNcLusiONS
‘MWNTS had aned fictions pape and endurance Vives
in ir 2d in vacwom bner ory cumin. The enfin of
Fenn of gfe, conmphiiond WNT Had
Sse, gat ed MNES wu fe Td
[ios respecteely The weit ite of hh MIEN Ts easy
rillon paves nah pm in nem sre gd cea
The dgpeeed arapaczed MENT coat exbied teats
Iveion mn wea ie performance an those ne the ged
MMWNTS in yarn. The teats llc tat rearing ae
repauerd wanoacine. sick ae tute lied MEPNT
Enaing, Ie aot neces tor BASDLy to. provide. 19%
nee of ation, El ay sul cieten
ACKNOWLEDGHENTS
hs work wa supported ny che NASA, Vehicle Systeme
passim’ Low Emissions Ate 27ee pet aah he
Rtvoletansleay-Lebekador ‘ask ands NAS. Allens
eis Fuundabin Tecooine's fand.ng I. NASA ghee
Gpewatlig"Teapesanas Pinpulnn (oneal lect a
(Gloan Research Cette, The aattor gray sebnoales
aren} Tennaooh. Gian Mf, Berge ane Risbund I Msodey
T fee assistance wah the eeperiment, Decié R- Mel foe Ue
TRM, and Dose Ts rhe SEM
REFERENCES
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2K Miva and KAS, Stoos Jt haem Fétors) Ward
atSous in wibogy,” Tibelogy Imevtatsn sk 35
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