Sociobiology

377 Pages·2012·23.13 MB·English

Sociobiology
THE ABRIDGEDE DITION
EdwardO .W ilson
Drawbyi Snagrsa h Landry
Sociobiology
THEA BRIDGEEDD ITION
Byt heS ameA uthor
OnH umanN ature
Castaen dE cologiynt heS ociaIln sects
witGhe orFg.eO ster
SociobiolTohgeyN :e w Synthesis
Lifoen E arth
withT homaEsi sneWri,n sloRw. BriRgigcsh,a Er.d
DickerRsoobne,Lr .Mt e tzenbReircgh,aD r.Od ' BriMeinl,­
larSdu smaWni,l liam E. Boggs
TheI nseScotc ieties
A Primeorf P opulatiBoino logy
witWhi lliHa.Bm o ssert
TheT heoryo fI slanBdi ogeography
witRho beHr.t MacArthur
Sociobiology
THEA BRIDGEEDD ITION
EdwardO . Wilson
THE BELKNAPP RESS
OF HARVARD UNIVERSITPYR ESS
CambridgeM,a ssachusetts
andL ondonE,n gland
Copyrig©h t1 97159,80b y t heP resideantn dF ellows
ofH arvarCdo llege
Allr ighretsse rved
Printientd h eUn iteSdt atoefsA merica
Sevenptrhi nt1i9n9g8,
LibroafCry o ngCraetsasl ionPg uibnlgi Dcaattai on
Wilson,E dwarOds borne1, 929-
Sociobiology.
Bibliograpp.h y:
Includiensd ex.
1.S ociable haviionra nimalsI.. T itle.
QL775.W553991 .57 9-17387
ISBN0 -674-81623-4
ISBN0 -674-p8b1k.6 24-2
v
Prefatcote h eA bridgEeddi tion
Modems ociobiiosbl eoignycg r eabtyeg di ftiend� uatset udeinsta st ,e stamteotn htce o mmunaolfi ty
vestigwahtoow rosr pkr imariinpl oyp ulabtiiooln­ science.
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mep atietnhtrloyuf gihla mnsdp ublicactoirornesc,t W­ilson.
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vi Prefatcoet heA bridgEeddi tion
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\Vilsaonnd H.B oss(eSritn auer As1s9o7c1i)a,t weosu,ln do hta vree achtehpdeo ifnrto wmh icahs yn­
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socia1t9e7sO3,t) h.e pro rticoonmsfe r ommy a rticleg enerpouubsl siucp port.
'/GroSuepl ecatnidoI ntS si gnificfaonErcc eo logy"
(BioScvioeln2.c3p e,p, .6 31-613987,3c )o,p yri©g ht E.O.W .
byt hPer esidaenndFt e lloowfHs a rvarCdo l­ CambridMgaes,s achusetts
1973
Othepra ssahgaevsbe e eand aptferdov ma riousS eptem1b9e7r9
lege.
vii
Contents
PartI SociEavlo luti1o n PartI I SociMaelc hanism6s5
1 TheM oraliotfyt heG ene 3 6 GroupS izaen dR eproducti6o7n
TheD eterminoafGn rtosu Spi z6e8
2 ElementaCroyn ceptosfS ociobiology 7 AdjsutaGbrloeu Spi z7e1
BasDiecif niti7o ns TheM ultiplaincdaR teicoonn stiotfu tion
TheM ultiEpflfiee9cr t Socie7t2i es
TheE volutiPoancaermyaa knedSr o ciDrailf 1t0
TheC onceopfAt d aptDievmeo grap1h1 y
7 TheD evelopmeanntd M odificatoifo n
QualiotfSi oecsi a1l2i ty
Social Beha7v4i or
TheC onceopfBt e havioral1 4S caling
TheD ualiotfEi veosl utiBoinooaglry1y 5 TracktihnEegn vironwmietEnhvt o lutionary
Chang7e5
TheH ierayor fcO hrgnaismic Res7p6o nses
3 TheP rimeM overosf S ociaElvo lutio2n0
TracktihnEegn vironwmietMnhot r phogenetic
PhylogeInneetrit2c0i a Chang7e7
EcoloPgriecsasl2u 3r e HormonaensdB ehavi7o7 r
TheR eversiobfSi olciiEtavylo lut3i1o n Learnin7g9
Sociali8z1a tion
Play
4 TheR elevaPnrti ncipolfeP so pulation 84
TradointC,iu ltuarnedI, n vent8i6o n
Biolog3y2
Microevol3u2 tion
PhenodevainadGn entest Aiscs ilmaiti3o4n 8 CommunicatiBoans:i Pcr incipl9e0s
InbreeadnidKn ign sh3i5p Humavne rsAunsi mCaolm munica9t0i on
AsosrtaatnidDv ie satsastoMiravtei n3g9 DiscrveetresG ursa dSeidg na9l2s
PopulaGtrioownt3 h9 SignSapclei fic9i3t y
DensDietpye nde4n1c e SginaElc onom9y4
Intercompe4n3s ation TheI ncreoafIs nef orma9t4i on
PopulaCtyicolonefM s a mmal44s
LifTea bl44e s
TheS tabAlgeeD istrib4u6t ion 9 CommunicatiFounn:c tioannsd C omplex
ReproduEcftfiov4re6t Systems1 00
ranKd Select4i7o n TheF unctoifoC nosm munica1t0i0o n
ComplSeyxs te1m0s7
5 GroupS electainodnA ltruis5m0
GrouSpe lect5i0 on
10 CommunicatiOorni:g ins and
Interd(eImnitce rpopSUellaetcit5oi1no )n
KinS elect5i5o n Evolutio1n1 0
Reciprocal 5A8l truism TheS esnorCyh anne1l1s3
AltruBieshtaivci5 o9 r EvolutiCoonmapiretyti aomno nSge nsyo r
TheF ieolfRd i ghotuesne6s2s Channe1l1s6
viii Contents
11 Aggressio1n1 8 18 TheC oloniIanlv ertebra1t8e3s
AggresasnidCo onm piettio1n1 9 TheA daptBiavseoi fCs o lonia1l84i ty
TheM echaniosfCm osm peti1t2i0o n GeneErvaoll utiTorneanirdnyCs o lonia1l8i5 ty
TheL imiotfAs g gsrseoin 121 TheC oelente1r8a6t es
TheP roxiCmaatueso efAs g gsriseon1 22 TheE ctopr1o8c7t s
HumaAng gress1i2o6n
19 TheS ociIanls ect1s8 9
12 SociSapla cinIgn,c ludiTnegr rito1r2y8 WhaItsa S ociIanls ec1t89?
A "TypiTcearlr"i tSopreicai1le2 s9 TheO rganizoafIt nisoteSn co cie1t9i1e s
TheM ultiFpolremo sfT errit1o2r9y TheP rimMeo veorfsH ighSeorc iEavlo lution
TheT heoorfTy e rritEovroilault1 i3o2n inI nsec1t93s
SpecPiraolp erotfTi eersr it1o3r4y TheS ociWaals p1s9 6
TerritaonrdPi oepsu laRteigounl a1t3i6o n TheA nts1 99
TheS ocBiaele 2s0 1
TheT ermit2e0s3
13 DominancSey stems1 37
ExampolfDe osm inaOnrcdee r1s3 8
20 TheC old-BlooVdeerdt ebrates 207
SpecPiraolp erotfDi oemsi naOnrcdee r1s4 0
TheA dvantoafgB eesi Dnogm ina1n4t1 FisShc hoo2l0s7
TheC ompensaotfBi eoinSnsug b ordi1n4a2t e TheS ociBaelh avoifFo rro g2s0 9
TheD eterminoafDn otmsi nan1c4e3 TheS ociBaelh avoifRo erp ti2l1e2s
IntergDroomuipn an1c4e4
ScaliinAn ggg resBseihvaev i1o44r 21 TheB irds2 14
TheE voluotfiC oono perBarteievdei 2n1g5
:,;, Roleasn dC astes 146 TheJ ay2s1 8
TheA daptSiivgein ciafnocfRe o le1s4 7
TheO ptimizoafCt aiesoS tny ste1m4s8 22 EvolutionTarreyn dwsi thitnh e
RoliensV ertebSroiacettei 1e5s0 Mammals 220
RoliensH umaSno iceti1e5s4 GEmerPaalt te2rn2s1
TheW hiptWaailll a(bMya crpoapryruis)2 2 4
Dolphi2n2s5
15 Sexa ndS ociet1y5 5
TheM eanionfSg e x1 56
Evoluotfit ohSnee Rxa ti1o5 6 23 TheU ngulataensd E lephant2s3 0
SexuSaell ect1i5o8n Chevro(tTariangsu l2i3d1a e)
TheT heoorfPy a renItnavle stm1e62n t TheV icu(nVai cvuigcnaua)g 2 n34
TheO rigoifnP so lygaMmoyn,o gaamnydP, a ir TheB luWei dlebe(eCsot nnoecst haianueur)ts 235
Bondi1n6g4 TheA friEclaenp h(aLnotx oadfioarcnntaa2) 4 0
Communal Di1s6p5l ays
OtheUrl timCaatueso efSs e xuDailm orph1i6s6m 24 TheC arnivore2s4 2
TheB laBceka (rrU sausme arni)uc s243
16 ParentCaalr e 168 TheL io(nPn ahtearl e)o 243
TheE coloofgP ya renCtaarle1 68 WolvaensdA friWcialnDd o g(sC anid2a4e6)
Parent-OfCfosnpflri1ic7nt0g
ParenCtaaralen dS ocial Eivnot lhuest eiIcontns 25 TheN onhumanP rimate2s5 1
and Mamm1a7l3s TheD istinctiTvrea ioStfPos rc iimaalt2 e51s
AlloparCeanrte1a 7l4 TheE coloofgS yo ciBaelh aviinPo rri mat25e4s
Adopti1o7n5 TheL essMeoru sLee mu(rM ioccrembuuisrun s)25 6
TheO rang-(uPtoannpg yog ma)e 2u5s7
TheW hite-HaGnibdbeod(n Hy lotbelasa r2)5 8
TheR ing-TLaeimlue(rdL emcuart) t 2a58
177
PartI IIT heS ociSaple cies TheH amadryBaasb o(oPna hpaiomr ayd)a s259
TheE aesrntM ountGaoirni (lGloar giolrlial la
17 TheF ourP innacloefSs o cial bereiin2)g6 4
Evolutio1n7 9 TheC himpan(zPeatenr ogtle)os 2d6y5
Contents ix
26 Man:F romS ociobioltooSg oyc iolog2y7 1 Territoanrdi Tarliibtayl2 i8s9m
PlastoifSc oictiOyar lg aniza2t7i2o n EarSloyc ial Ev2o9l0u tion
BartaenrdR eciprAolctaruli s2m7 5 Later Social2 96E volution
BondiSnegxa,,n dD ivisoifLo anb o2r7 7 TheF utur299e
RolPel ayainndPg o lyeth2i7s8m
Communica2t8i0o n
CultuRriet,ua anldR, e lig2i8o4n Glossar3y0 5
Ethi2c8s7 Bibliograp3h2y7
Estheti28c8s Index3 49