Shock & Vibration, Aircraft/Aerospace, Energy Harvesting, Acoustics & Optics, Volume 9: Proceedings of the 35th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics 2017

330 Pages·2017·21.95 MB·English

by  Julie M. Harvie

Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series
Julie M. Harvie · Javad Baqersad Editors
Shock & Vibration, Aircraft/
Aerospace, Energy Harvesting,
Acoustics & Optics, Volume 9
Proceedings of the 35th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition
on Structural Dynamics 2017
Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series
Series Editor
KristinB.Zimmerman,Ph.D.
SocietyforExperimentalMechanics,Inc.,
Bethel,CT,USA
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/8922
Julie M. Harvie • Javad Baqersad
Editors
Shock & Vibration, Aircraft/Aerospace,
Energy Harvesting, Acoustics & Optics,
Volume 9
Proceedings of the 35th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition
on Structural Dynamics 2017
123
Editors
JulieM.Harvie JavadBaqersad
EnvironmentsEngineering ExperimentalMechanicsandNVHLaboratory
andIntegrationDepartment KetteringUniversity
SandiaNationalLaboratories Flint,MI,USA
Albuquerque,NM,USA
ISSN2191-5644 ISSN2191-5652 (electronic)
ConferenceProceedingsoftheSocietyforExperimentalMechanicsSeries
ISBN978-3-319-54734-3 ISBN978-3-319-54735-0 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-54735-0
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017936482
©TheSocietyforExperimentalMechanics,Inc.2017
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Preface
ShockandVibration,Aircraft/Aerospace,andEnergyHarvestingrepresentoneoftenvolumesoftechnicalpaperspresented
at the 35th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, organized by the Society for Experimental
Mechanics,andheldinGardenGrove,California,January30–February2,2017.Thefullproceedingsalsoincludevolumes
on Nonlinear Dynamics; Dynamics of Civil Structures; Model Validation and Uncertainty Quantification; Dynamics of
Coupled Structures; Sensors and Instrumentation; Special Topics in Structural Dynamics; Structural Health Monitoring
and Damage Detection; Rotating Machinery, Hybrid Test Methods, Vibro-Acoustics and Laser Vibrometry; and Topics in
ModalAnalysisandTesting.
Each collection presents early findings from experimental and computational investigations on an important area
within structuraldynamics.Topicsrepresentpaperson practicalissues improvingenergyharvestingmeasurements,shock
calibrationandshockenvironmentsynthesis,andapplicationsforaircraft/aerospacestructures.
Theorganizerswouldliketothanktheauthors,presenters,sessionorganizers,andsessionchairsfortheirparticipationin
thistrack.
Livermore,CA,USA JulieM.Harvie
Flint,MI,USA JavadBaqersad
v
Contents
1 ScalingupoftheImpedance-MatchedMulti-AxisTest(IMMAT)Technique.................................... 1
P.M.Daborn
2 6-DOFShakerTestInputDerivationfromFieldTest............................................................... 11
MichaelRoss,LauraD.Jacobs,GregTipton,GarrettNelson,KevinCross,NormanHunter,andJulieHarvie
3 FrequencyBasedSpatialDampingIdentification—TheoreticalandExperimentalComparison.............. 23
MatijaBrumat,JankoSlavicˇ,andMihaBoltežar
4 ControllabilityofAerospaceStaticMechanicalLoadingCoupledwithDynamicForces....................... 31
RichardW.WeisenbergerandMatthewS.Stefanski
5 IdentificationofFull-FieldDynamicLoadsonStructuresUsingComputerVisionandUnsupervised
MachineLearning....................................................................................................... 41
Alexander Roeder, Huiying Zhang, Lorenzo Sanchez, Yongchao Yang, Charles Farrar,
andDavidMascareñas
6 ResearchofUnder-SamplingTechniqueforDigitalImageCorrelationinVibrationMeasurement .......... 49
YihaoLiu,HongjianGao,JamesZhuge,andJeffZhao
7 NonlinearDynamicAnalysisofaThermallyBuckledAircraftPanelUsingNNMs............................. 59
LucasM.Jarman,ChrisVanDamme,andMathewS.Allen
8 Empirically-Derived,ConstitutiveDampingModelforCellularSilicone......................................... 71
JonathanB.RussandBenjaminR.Pacini
9 SimultaneousQualificationTestingofMultipleComponentsandtheInfluenceofCloselySpaced
VibrationModes......................................................................................................... 83
CarlSisemoreandJulieHarvie
10 ExtractionofFull-FieldStructuralDynamicsfromDigitalVideoMeasurementsinPresenceofLarge
RigidBodyMotion ...................................................................................................... 91
SudeepDasari,CharlesDorn,YongchaoYang,CharlesFarrar,AmyLarson,andDavidMascareñas
11 EfficientFull-FieldOperationalModalAnalysisUsingNeuromorphicEvent-BasedImaging................. 97
CharlesDorn,SudeepDasari,YongchaoYang,GarrettKenyon,PaulWelch,andDavidMascareñas
12 Hydro-MechanicalCouplinginUnstableAircraftBrakingSystems.............................................. 105
Antoine Gatt, Aurélien Durel, Sébastien Besset, Abdelbasset Hamdi, Jean-Frédéric Diebold,
andLouisJezequel
13 EnergyBasedRepresentationof6-DOFShakerShockLow-CycleFatigueTests ............................... 115
CarlSisemore,VitBabuska,andJasonBooher
vii
viii Contents
14 ExperimentalExecutionof6DOFTestsDerivedfromFieldTests................................................. 125
Laura D. Jacobs, Michael Ross, Gregory Tipton, Kevin Cross, Norman Hunter Jr., Julie Harvie,
andGarrettNelson
15 VibrationofCrackedTimoshenkoBeamMadeofFunctionallyGradedMaterial.............................. 133
NguyenTienKhiem,NguyenNgocHuyen,andNguyenTienLong
16 EliminatingBlurinSmallUnmannedAircraftImagingSystems.................................................. 145
WestonJ.SwetichandWilliamH.Semke
17 ExperimentalModalAnalysisofanAircraftFuselagePanel....................................................... 155
TravisA.Wyen,JoshuaJ.Schoettelkotte,RicardoA.Perez,andThomasG.Eason
18 NonlinearVibrationsofaFunctionallyGradedMaterialMicrobeamwithGeometricNonlinearity ......... 167
CananUzandEnderCigeroglu
19 MethodtoPredicttheShockResponseSpectrumShapefromFrequencyResponseFunctions ............... 177
JasonR.Blough,JamesDeClerck,CharlesVanKarsen,andDavidE.Soine
20 InvestigationandApplicationofDigitalImageCorrelationTechnologyinVibrationMeasurement
BasedonTwoCameras ................................................................................................. 187
HugoGao,YihaoLiu,JamesZhuge,andJeffZhao
21 AMissionSynthesisProcedureforSine-on-RandomExcitationsinaHelicopterApplication................. 197
BramCornelis,SimoneManzato,BartPeeters,RaphaelVander Vorst,andJohnHiatt
22 AMulti-ViewDigitalImageCorrelationforExtractingModeShapesofaTire................................. 211
KiranPatil,JavadBaqersad,andAzadehSheidaei
23 ModalExpansionusingStrainModeShapes......................................................................... 219
JavadBaqersad,KedarBharadwaj,andPeymanPoozesh
24 VibrationSuppressionofMRSandwichBeamsBasedOnFuzzyLogic.......................................... 227
HasanMalaeke,HamidMoeenfard,AmirH.Ghasemi,andJavadBaqersad
25 LogicAnalyticalModelingofPiezoelectricEnergyHarvestersunderRandomBaseExcitation .............. 239
HamidMoeenfard,MohammadKhadembashi,AmirH.Ghasemi,andJavadBaqersad
26 DrivingPointFRFFixtureEvaluationforShockTesting........................................................... 251
DavidE.SoineandRichardJ.JonesJr.
27 NonlinearTransverseVibrationsofaBeamwithMultipleBreathingEdgeCracks............................. 259
AliC.BatihanandEnderCigeroglu
28 TESSLens-BezelAssemblyModalTesting........................................................................... 267
BrandonJ.DilworthandAlexandraKarlicek
29 VibrationSuppressioninMetastructuresUsingZigzagInsertsOptimizedbyGeneticAlgorithms........... 275
OnurAvci,OsamaAbdeljaber,SerkanKiranyaz,andDanielInman
30 ExperimentalModalAnalysisonVibrationDataMeasuredbyDigitalImageCorrelation.................... 285
P.Castellini,P.Chiariotti,M.Martarelli,E.Zappa,andA.Lavatelli
31 RollingBearingDiagnosticsbyMeansofEMD-BasedIndependentComponentAnalysisonVibration
andAcousticData ....................................................................................................... 293
G.Tollis,P.Chiariotti,andM.Martarelli
32 FlutterandLimitCycleOscillationSuppressionUsingLinearandNonlinearTunedVibration
Absorbers................................................................................................................. 301
E.Verstraelen,G.Kerschen,andG.Dimitriadis
33 AMontecarloApproachtoTesttheModesofVibrationofa6-DoFParallelKinematicSimulator........... 315
E.FioreandH.Giberti
Contents ix
34 EquatingSeverityinQualificationTesting ........................................................................... 325
M.Prisbrey,J.Senecal,M.Sethi,C.Haynes,andS.Taylor
35 DesignofanAssemblyforNonlinearVibrationReduction......................................................... 331
P.ButaudandG.Chevallier
36 ANumericalApproachtoSystemModelIdentificationofRandomVibrationTest............................. 337
WashingtonJ.DeLima,RichardJones,EricDodgen,andMelanieN.Ambrose
Chapter 1
Scaling up of the Impedance-Matched Multi-Axis Test (IMMAT)
Technique
P.M.Daborn
Abstract TheImpedance-MatchedMulti-AxisTest(IMMAT)techniquehasbeenshowntooffersignificantbenefitswhen
compared with the conventionalsingle-shaker vibration test. Thus far, IMMAT has only been demonstrated on relatively
smallandlightweightstructuresandtomoderatevibrationseverity.Thispaperdescribestheactivitiesundertakentoscale-
uptheIMMATtechniquetolargerstructuresandtoseverevibrationlevels.
Keywords Randomvibration (cid:129) Multi-axistesting (cid:129) Acoustictest (cid:129) Vibrationtest (cid:129) Mechanicalimpedance
1.1 Introduction
Theresearchdescribedinthispaperfitsintoalong-termstrategytoenhancevibrationtestingmethodology.Previouswork
in thisareaboreanewvibrationtestmethod,entitledthe“Impedance-MatchedMulti-AxisTest(IMMAT)”technique[1].
IMMATaimsto replicatethein-serviceboundaryconditions(mechanicalimpedance)andisexecutedwith multiplesmall
shakers, each controlled by a Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) vibration controller in order to match target PSDs at a
numberofresponselocationsonthestructure.
IMMAToffersfarmorerealistictestsovertraditionalmethodsandinmuchshortertestdurations[2–4].Thusfar,IMMAT
hasonlybeendemonstratedonrelativelysmallandlightweightstructuresandtomoderatevibrationseverityandtheaimof
theworkpresentedinthispaperistoscale-uptheIMMATtechniquebyapplyingittoarealisticstructurewhilstrecreating
severevibrationlevels.
1.2 TheModal AnalysisTestVehicle
Thestructureselectedtoscale-uptheIMMATtechniquewastheModalAnalysisTestVehicle(MATV)andispresentedin
Fig.1.1,whereitisundergoingamodaltest.ThemassoftheMATVwasapproximately60kg,whichisfargreaterthanany
previousstructuresubjectedtoanIMMATtest(<10kg).TheapproximateoveralldimensionsoftheMATVwere0.8min
lengthand0.4mindiameter.Inadditiontothemassanddimensioncharacteristics,theMATValsohadinherentproperties
akintoreal-worldstructuressuchascomplicatedjointsandexoticmaterials,forexamplefoamsandrubbers.
A finite element (FE) model of the MATV was created in Ansys (Fig. 1.2) and was solved for its natural frequencies
andmodeshapeswithinthefrequencyrangeof0–2000Hz.AmodaltestwasconductedontheMATVhardware,theresults
of which were used to update the FE model such that the significant majority of the correlated natural frequencies were
within˙5%.
P.M.Daborn((cid:2))
StructuralDynamics,AWEAldermaston,Reading,Berks,RG74PR,UK
e-mail:[email protected]
©HerMajestytheQueeninRightofUnitedKingdom2017 1
J.M.Harvie,J.Baqersad(eds.),Shock&Vibration,Aircraft/Aerospace,EnergyHarvesting,Acoustics&Optics,Volume9,
ConferenceProceedingsoftheSocietyforExperimentalMechanicsSeries,DOI10.1007/978-3-319-54735-0_1
2 P.M.Daborn
Fig.1.1 TheModalAnalysisTestVehicle(MATV)subjectedtoamodaltest
Fig.1.2 ThefiniteelementmodeloftheMATVmodelledinAnsys
1.3 Gathering the“Truth Data”
ThesolepurposeoftheMATVstructureistoaidresearchprogrammes,andassuch,ithasneverbeendeployedin-service.
Thismeansthatnoin-servicevibrationdataexistsfortheMATVanditwasnecessarytoself-generatethis“truthdata”as
partoftheresearch.Therewereanumberofrequirementsassociatedwiththisprocess;(1)thevibrationenvironmentneeded
to be severe, (2) the excitation should be randomin nature, (3) the excitation was to be distributed over the outer surface
oftheMATV,and(4)theMATVstructuremustbesupportedinafree-freeconfiguration.Therequirementsabovewereto
ensurethatthe“truthdata”wouldberepresentativeofdataobtainedfromfreelyflyingaerospaceanddefencestructures.
Themostefficientwaytomeettheaboverequirementswastocarryoutaseriesofacoustictestsinareverberantchamber.
The Institute of Sound and Vibration Research (ISVR) laboratory at the University of Southampton was selected as the
preferredlocation andis shownin Fig. 1.3. Acoustic excitationwas deliveredinto the reverberantchamberby exhausting
highflowrateairthroughasoundhorn.Thesoundwavesthenreflectedoffthewallsandceilingtoestablishadiffuseacoustic
field (i.e. distributedand non-directional),whose magnitudeand spectral shape was controlledby a system which utilises
microphonessituatednearthestructureasdemonstratedinFig.1.4.TheMATVstructurewassuspendedusingslingsinone
corneroftheroom.Thisestablishesasmaller“pseudoroom”whereacousticsoundlevelsarefarhigherthaninthegeneral
roomspace,whilststillensuringadiffuseexcitationfield.