Table Of ContentSecurity and strategy in the new
Europe
The end of the Cold War has brought new concerns over the nature of
European security to the fore and uncovered major differences in the
approaches of individual states to the changed circumstances.
This book examines the debate over the future of European security
conducted during the period from the revolutions of 1989 to the failed Soviet
coup of August 1991. In so doing it aims to clarify the options for a new
security order and contribute to the growing debate over European security.
It demonstrates that the apparently new policies of Western governments are
not as radical as might have been thought. Most are developments of existing
policies and based on existing institutions. These have been moulded in
reaction to the new circumstances, but they have not been replaced.
The book is divided into three parts, covering the nature and structure of
security and the implications of Europe’s resurgent nationalism; military
strategy, with particular reference to the NATO perspective and to the
European Community; and the distinctive security concerns of individual
states. It looks at both Eastern and Western Europe and the Soviet Union,
and it analyses the role of the United States in European security.
Security and strategy in the
new Europe
Edited by Colin McInnes
London and New York
First published 1992
by Routledge
11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002.
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
a division of Routledge, Chapman and Hall, Inc.
29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001
© 1992 Colin McInnes
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means,
now known or hereafter invented including photocopying and recording,
or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Security and strategy in the new Europe/edited by Colin McInnes.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Europe—National security. 2. North Atlantic
Treaty Organization. I. McInnes, Colin.
UA646.S398 1992
355' .03304–dc20 92–9285
CIP
ISBN 0-203-16139-4 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 0-203-16142-4 (Adobe eReader Format)
ISBN 0-415-07120-8 (Print Edition)
0-415-08303-6 (pbk)
Contents
List of contributors vii
Acknowledgements x
Abbreviations xi
Introduction xiii
Part I Security and the new European system
1 Contending philosophies about security in Europe 3
Ken Booth and Nicholas Wheeler
2 Future security systems for Europe 37
Adrian Hyde-Price
3 Nationalism in Central and South-Eastern Europe 59
Stephen Iwan Griffiths
4 The end of Eurocentrism and its consequences 82
Peter Foot
Part II Strategy after the Cold War
5 The evolution of NATO strategy, 1949–90 95
John Baylis
6 NATO and nuclear strategy 112
Stuart Croft
7 Alternative defence 126
Colin McInnes
vi Contents
Part III National concerns and perspectives
8 The United States and European security in the 1990s 145
Michael Brenner and Phil Williams
9 The development of Soviet strategies in Europe 164
Caroline Kennedy
10 British perspectives on the future of European security 178
Len Scott
11 French security policy and the new European order 197
Frederic Bozo
12 Security policy in the Federal Republic of Germany: the
search for a new identity 217
Norbert Ropers
Index 240
Contributors
Dr Colin Mclnnes is Defence Lecturer in the Department of International
Politics, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. He was formerly a
lecturer in the Department of War Studies, The Royal Military Academy
Sandhurst. His published works include Trident: The Only Option!, NATO’s
Changing Strategic Agenda and Warfare in the Twentieth Century (co-editor).
Dr John Baylis is a Reader in the Department of International Politics and
is Dean of the Faculty of Economic and Social Studies, University College
of Wales, Aberystwyth. His publications include Contemporary Strategy (co-
author, 2 vols), Anglo-American Defence Relations 1939–84, British Defence
Policy in a Changing World (editor), Nuclear War, Nuclear Peace (co-author),
Soviet Strategy (co-editor), Alternative Approaches to British Defence Policy
(editor), Britain, NATO and Nuclear Weapons (co-author), British Defence
Policy, and Makers of Nuclear Strategy (co-editor).
Professor Ken Booth holds a personal chair in the Department of
International Politics, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. He was
the first Scholar-in-Residence at the US Naval War College and was a Senior
Research Fellow at the Centre for Foreign Policy Studies, Dalhousie
University, Canada. His books include Navies and Foreign Policy, Strategy
and Ethnocentrism, American Thinking about Peace and War (co-editor),
Law, Force and Diplomacy at Sea, Contemporary Strategy: Theories and
Policies (co-author), Britain, NATO and Nuclear Weapons (co-author), and
New Thinking about Strategy and International Security (editor).
Frederic Bozo was educated at the Ecole normale superieure in Paris, at the
Sorbonne and at Harvard University. He is currently a Research Fellow at
the French Institute of International Relations (IFRI), specialising in
European security affairs. He also teaches at the Institut d’Etudes Politiques
de Paris. His publications include La France et l’ OTAN: de la Guerre Froide
au Nouvel Ordre Européen.
viii Contributors
Michael Brenner is Professor of International Affairs at the University of
Pittsburgh. He is currently preparing a study of multilateralism within the
Atlantic Alliance under a NATO Fellowship. His recent publications on
European security include articles in Foreign Policy, International Affairs,
Politique Etrangère and Relazion Internazionale.
Dr Stuart Croft is Deputy Director of the Graduate School of International
Studies, University of Birmingham, and was formerly Research Fellow at
the International Institute for Strategic Studies. His publications include
British Security Policy: The Thatcher Years and the End of the Cold War
(editor).
Dr Peter Foot is Principal Lecturer at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich.
Formerly working in international business and subsequently as a Research
Fellow at the Centre for Defence Studies, University of Aberdeen, he has
published widely in the fields of contemporary history, strategy, defence
economics and international economics.
Stephen Iwan Griffiths is a Research Fellow at the Institute for International
Studies, University of Leeds. He formerly taught at the University of
Aberdeen, and was a Research Fellow at the Stockholm International Peace
Research Institute.
Dr Adrian G.V.Hyde-Price is a lecturer in the Department of Politics,
University of Southampton. He previously lectured at the University of
Manchester, and was a Research Fellow at the Royal Institute of International
Affairs. His publications include European Security Beyond the Cold War.
Caroline Kennedy is a lecturer in the School of International Studies,
University of Leeds. She previously lectured at the University of East Anglia,
and at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. Her publications
include British Army Strategy in Northern Ireland and The Soviet Union and
the US Military Presence in Europe (both forthcoming).
Dr Norbert Ropers is Executive Director of the Institute for Development
of Peace, University of Duisburg. His previous posts include Senior
Researcher at the Peace Research Institute of Frankfurt, and Research
Consultant for the German Society for Peace and Conflict Research. His
publications include Tourismus zwischen Ost und West—Ein Beitrag zum
Frieden?, Grünbuch zu den Folgewirkungen der KSZE (co-editor), and
Globale Trends 1991 (co-editor).
Contributors ix
Dr Len Scott is a lecturer in the Department of International Politics,
University College of Wales, Aberystwyth. From 1984–87 he was Political
Adviser to the Shadow Foreign Secretary, the Rt. Hon. Denis Healey MP. He
has co-authored two Fabian pamphlets, ‘Working for common security’ and
‘Disarmament in a changing world’, and has written Conscription and the
Attlee Government.
Dr Nicholas Wheeler is a lecturer in the Department of Politics, University
of Hull. His previous posts include Research Fellow in the Department of
War Studies, King’s College London, and Research Associate at the
International Institute for Strategic Studies. He is the co-author of The British
Origins of Nuclear Strategy, 1945–55.
Professor Phil Williams is Professor of International Security in the
Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, University of Pittsburgh.
He was formerly in the Departments of Politics at Aberdeen and
Southampton, and Head of the International Security Programme at the
Royal Institute of International Affairs. He is the author of Crisis
Management, The Senate and US Troops in Europe, and co-author of
Contemporary Strategy and Superpower Détente: A Reappraisal. He is also
a co-editor of Soviet and American Policies in Central America and the
Middle East and Superpower Competition and Crisis Prevention in the Third
World.
