Table Of ContentInternational Perspectives on Social Policy,
Administration, and Practice
Roopinder Oberoi · Jamie P. Halsall
Editors
Revisiting
Globalization
From a Borderless to a Gated Globe
International Perspectives on Social Policy,
Administration, and Practice
Series Editor
Sheying Chen
Pace University, New York, NY, USA
Jason L. Powell
Department of Social and Political Science, University of Chester, Chester, UK
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Roopinder Oberoi • Jamie P. Halsall
Editors
Revisiting Globalization
From a Borderless to a Gated Globe
Editors
Roopinder Oberoi Jamie P. Halsall
Department of Political Science University of Huddersfield
University of Delhi Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, UK
Delhi, India
International Perspectives on Social Policy, Administration, and Practice
ISBN 978-3-319-79122-7 ISBN 978-3-319-79123-4 (eBook)
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Preface
Unexpected events happened in 2016 that made us revisit globalization. Questions
were raised as a result, such as—Does the populist rising currently sweeping the
world imply that globalization’s march forward will be halted if not overturned?
Donald Trump’s triumph is indicative of the backlash against global identities and
the grounding of nationalist populism. How do we decode Brexit? Theresa May’s
statement post Brexit caught the bent of these movements with naked lucidity: “If
you believe you are a citizen of the world, you’re a citizen of nowhere.” So, is the
nation state no longer passé? Have borders reemerged? Have space and distance been
resurrected? Have our identities again become determined by our places of birth?
Whatever their analyses as to the benefits or costs, common people and scholars,
for different reasons, strongly believed that globalization was inevitable. Kofi
Annan, former UN Secretary-General, famously deduced: “It has been said that
arguing against globalization is like arguing against the laws of gravity.” How often
are we now hearing comparable statements and questions, from both harbingers and
disparagers of globalization? Nevertheless, the events unfolding in the wake of the
recent crisis of 2007–2008 make it pertinent to revisit these fundamental postulate
inquiries concerning globalization. Who actually bailed out the global, so-called big
banks to prevent the financial crisis from becoming a global catastrophe? Who
provided the liquidity to appease global credit markets? Who ultimately provided
the safety nets for the labors that were retrenched? Who allowed the CEOs to go
away with hefty pay packet when companies were showing dismal financial records?
Who is actually setting the rules on reimbursement, capital capability, and liquidity
for the big banks? Retrospectively, who is culpable for all that was skewed ahead of,
throughout, and subsequent to these events? The response to these i nquiries is the
state. We live in a global world, but the ultimate responsibility still resides with
national policy makers. Global financial systems may be inhabited by genuine
alphabet global agencies like IMF, UN, and WTO, but democratic decree remains
indomitably wedged within nation states. The variegated world permits only an
extremely slight veneer of global governance.
v
vi Preface
In fact, global norms have come into view only in a contracted variety of topics,
and a substantial dissimilarity remains across the world concerning/regarding
required institutional arrangements. These new transnational mechanisms can take
the edge off some contentious issues, but they are no potential substitute for existent
governance. They are insufficient to underpin far-reaching economic globalization.
The scale of feasible globalization limits the possibility of valuable globalization.
The key to capitalism’s durability lies in its almost infinite malleability.
Delhi, India Roopinder Oberoi
Huddersfield, UK Jamie P. Halsall
Contents
1 Introduction: The Globalization Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Roopinder Oberoi and Jamie P. Halsall
2 Understanding the Struggle for the Control of the Global Order . . . 25
Barend L. Prinsloo
3 Globalization and Migration: Is there a Borderless World? . . . . . . . 43
Qingwen Xu and Jamie P. Halsall
4 A Comparative Assessment of Climate Policies of Top Emitters:
Towards Strengthening Climate Diplomacy and Action . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Marco Grasso and Venkatesh Dutta
5 Neo-protectionism in the Age of Brexit and Trump: What Does
Australia Do with Its Powerful Friends? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Michael Lester and Marie dela Rama
6 Working Inclusively and Redefining Social Valorization
in the Globalized World: Activism, Research, Advocacy
and the Disadvantaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Cheryl Cockburn-Wootten and Tom Cockburn
7 Understanding the Strategy of M&As in the Globalized
Perspective: Experiences from Indian IT Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Rabi N. Kar and Amit Soni
8 Social Enterprise and Higher Education in a Globalized World . . . . 155
Roopinder Oberoi, Jamie P. Halsall, Michael Snowden, and
Elizabeth F. Caldwell
9 Conclusion: Globalization’s Conundrum—Are We in Flux? . . . . . . . 167
Roopinder Oberoi and Jamie P. Halsall
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
vii
Acknowledgments
For both editors of this volume globalization has played a crucial role in their own
research and teaching in the social science discipline. The political events of 2016
and 2017, which witnessed a renewed global interest in protectionism and popu-
lism, have prompted a critical refocus on the concept of globalization. In a volume
such as this one, it is inevitable that the writers will draw on the issues and debates
of a number of scholars. While the contributors of this volume will r eference many
scholars’ work, there are a number of teachers who are uncited, particularly those
who inspired us to become social scientists.
As anyone could imagine, putting together an edited volume is a lot of work, and
both editors would like to express their gratitude to the authors of this volume who
took on board constructive feedback and met every deadline we asked of them. We
would like to thank Janice Stern and Christina Tuballes for their continued support
at Springer and guiding us through finalizing the manuscript. A special thank you to
our series editors, Sheying Chen and Jason L. Powell, who provided vital, valuable
feedback at every stage of the project. We are especially indebted to Ms. Stefanie El
Madawi who was our proofreader.
Our families also warrant an auspicious mention. Roopinder would thank her
affectionate son Raunaq, who re-energized her at all times, and would also like to
show appreciation for her husband Ravinder for lending a hand when things became
too demanding for her. Jamie would like to thank his wife Zarina for allowing him
to disappear to his study to undertake research and write.
ix
Contributors
Elizabeth F. Caldwell is an academic skills tutor at the University of Huddersfield,
UK. She received her Ph.D. from University College London and her research
centers around the theory and practice of higher education. Recent projects have
included a comparative approach to discipline-specific pedagogies and an
exploration of the internationalization of institutions and curricula.
Tom Cockburn A.F.N.Z.I.M., obtained his first degree with honors from Leicester
University, England, both his M.B.A. and doctorate were gained at Cardiff
University, Wales. He became an Associate Fellow of the New Zealand Institute of
Management in 2010 and an Associate Member of Euroscience in 2016. Tom has
been D irector-Policy for the Center for Dynamic Leadership Models in Global
Business since 2012. He was a review committee member of the Cutting Edge
Awards Committee of the US Academy of HRD, 2012–2014. He has coauthored
several books and has experience as a member of a number of editorial boards of
academic journals as well as an academic reviewer and research supervisor.
Cheryl Cockburn-Wootten is a senior lecturer at the University of Waikato, New
Zealand. Her work focuses on critical examinations of the communication of social
issues concerning accessibility, equity, and dignity. She adopts an organizational
communication perspective to investigate issues within the critical hospitality and
tourism area. Cheryl, along with Alison McIntosh, is one of the co-founders of the
Network for Community Hospitality (NCH), which bridges academia with not-for-
profits to tackle social issues facing our societies.
Venkatesh Dutta is a senior faculty member at the School for Environmental
Sciences, BBAU, Lucknow. He is a British Chevening Scholar from the University
of Wales, UK, and a Fulbright Scholar, University of Maryland, USA. He possesses
Ph.D. in Regulatory and Policy Research with a focus on Urban Water Systems
from TERI University, M.Sc. in Environment Management and B.Sc. in
Environmental Science from the University of Delhi. He was a postdoctoral fellow
at the School of Public Policy, University of Maryland, during 2011–2012. He was
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