Research Design in European Studies: Establishing Causality in Europeanization

299 Pages·2012·3.331 MB·English

by  Theofanis Exadaktylos, Claudio M. Radaelli

PalgraveStudiesinEuropeanUnionPolitics
Editedby:MichelleEgan,AmericanUniversity,USA;NeillNugent,ManchesterMetropolitanUniversity,
UK;andWilliamPatersonOBE,UniversityofAston,UK.
EditorialBoard:ChristopherHill,Cambridge,UK;SimonHix,LondonSchoolofEconomics,UK;Mark
Pollack,TempleUniversity,USA;KalypsoNicolaïdis,Oxford,UK;MortenEgeberg,UniversityofOslo,
Norway;AmyVerdun,UniversityofVictoria,Canada;ClaudioM.Radaelli,UniversityofExeter,UK;and
FrankSchimmelfennig,SwissFederalInstituteofTechnology,Switzerland
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economicandsocialphenomenon.
Titlesinclude:
JensBlom-Hansen
THEEUCOMITOLOGYSYSTEMINTHEORYANDPRACTICE
KeepinganEyeontheCommission?
OriolCostaandKnudErikJørgensen(editors)
THEINFLUENCEOFINTERNATIONALINSTITUTIONSONTHEEU
WhenMultilateralismHitsBrussels
FalkDaviter
POLICYFRAMINGINTHEEUROPEANUNION
RenaudDehousse(editor)
THE‘COMMUNITYMETHOD’
ObstinateorObsolete?
KennethDysonandAngelosSepos(editors)
WHICHEUROPE?
ThePoliticsofDifferentiatedIntegration
MichelleEgan,NeillNugentandWilliamE.Paterson(editors)
RESEARCHAGENDASINEUSTUDIES
StalkingtheElephant
TheofanisExadaktylosandClaudioM.Radaelli(editors)
RESEARCHDESIGNINEUROPEANSTUDIES
EstablishingCausalityinEuropeanization
KevinFeatherstoneandDimitrisPapadimitriou
THELIMITSOFEUROPEANIZATION
ReformCapacityandPolicyConflictinGreece
DavidJ.GalbreathandJoanneMcEvoy
THEEUROPEANMINORITYRIGHTSREGIME
TowardsaTheoryofRegimeEffectiveness
RoyH.GinsbergandSusanE.Penska
THEEUROPEANUNIONINGLOBALSECURITY
ThePoliticsofImpact
EvaGross
THEEUROPEANIZATIONOFNATIONALFOREIGNPOLICY
ContinuityandChangeinEuropeanCrisisManagement
AdrienneHéritierandMartinRhodes(editors)
NEWMODESOFGOVERNANCEINEUROPE
GoverningintheShadowofHierarchy
WolframKaiser,BrigitteLeuchtandMichaelGehler
TRANSNATIONALNETWORKSINREGIONALINTEGRATION
GoverningEurope1945–83
HusseinKassimandHandleyStevens
AIRTRANSPORTANDTHEEUROPEANUNION
EuropeanizationandItsLimits
RobertKissack
PURSUINGEFFECTIVEMULTILATERALISM
TheEuropeanUnion,InternationalOrganizationsandthePoliticsofDecisionMaking
XymenaKurowskaandFabianBreuer(editors)
EXPLAININGTHEEU’sCOMMONSECURITYANDDEFENCEPOLICY
TheoryinAction
Karl-OskarLindgrenandThomasPersson
PARTICIPATORYGOVERNANCEINTHEEU
EnhancingorEndangeringDemocracyandEfficiency?
PhilomenaMurray(editor)
EUROPEANDASIA
RegionsinFlux
DanielNaurinandHelenWallace(editors)
UNVEILINGTHECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANUNION
GamesGovernmentsPlayinBrussels
SebastiaanPrincen
AGENDA-SETTINGINTHEEUROPEANUNION
EmmanuelleSchon-Quinlivan
REFORMINGTHEEUROPEANCOMMISSION
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EUROPE,REGIONSANDEUROPEANREGIONALISM
MitchellP.Smith(editor)
EUROPEANDNATIONALECONOMICTRANSFORMATION
TheEUaftertheLisbonDecade
AsleToje
AFTERTHEPOST-COLDWAR
TheEuropeanUnionasaSmallPower
RichardG.WhitmanandStefanWolff(editors)
THEEUROPEANNEIGHBOURHOODPOLICYINPERSPECTIVE
Context,ImplementationandImpact
RichardG.Whitman(editor)
NORMATIVEPOWEREUROPE
EmpiricalandTheoreticalPerspectives
SarahWolff
THEMEDITERRANEANDIMENSIONOFTHEEUROPEANUNION’SINTERNALSECURITY
JanWouters,HansBruyninckx,SudeshnaBasuandSimonSchunz(editors)
THEEUROPEANUNIONANDMULTILATERALGOVERNANCE
AssessingEUParticipationinUnitedNationsHumanRightsandEnvironmentalFora
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Research Design in
European Studies
Establishing Causality in Europeanization
Theofanis Exadaktylos
LecturerinEuropeanPolitics,UniversityofSurrey,UK
and
Claudio M. Radaelli
ProfessorofPoliticalScience,UniversityofExeter,UK
Editorialmatter,selection,Chapter2andconcludingchapter©Theofanis
ExadaktylosandClaudioM.Radaelli2012
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Contents
ListofTables,FiguresandBoxes ix
Preface xi
SeriesEditors’Preface xv
Acknowledgements xviii
ListofAbbreviationsandAcronyms xix
NotesonContributors xxi
1 Europeanization:TheChallengeofEstablishingCausality 1
ClaudioM.Radaelli
2 LookingforCausalityintheLiteratureonEuropeanization 17
TheofanisExadaktylosandClaudioM.Radaelli
3 CausalityinQuantitativeApproaches 44
AnnetteElisabethTöller
4 Europeanization:ACriticalRealistPerspective 64
IanBache,SimonBulmerandDefneGunay
5 DiscursiveInstitutionalAnalyticalStrategies 85
KennetLynggaard
6 BeyondNon-CompliancewithLegalNorms 105
SabineSaurugger
7 ProcessTracing:TestingMultipleHypotheseswithaSmall
NumberofCases 125
DianaPanke
8 TheEuropeanizationofHealthCare:ProcessesandFactors 141
DorteSindbjergMartinsen
9 HowCitiesEncounterEurope:MechanismsandModes 160
SamueleDossi
10 UnderstandingCausalityandChangeinPartyPolitics 178
RobertLadrech
vii
viii Contents
11 EuropeanizationofForeignPolicybeyondtheCommon
ForeignandSecurityPolicy 195
TheofanisExadaktylos
12 RivalHypotheses:ComparingtheRolesoftheEuropean
UnionandBlackSeaEconomicCooperationOrganization
inGoodGovernanceReforms 221
StellaLadi
13 BeingClearEnoughtoBeWrong:Europeanization
RefutedandDefended 237
KyriakosMoumoutzis
14 LessonsLearned:BeyondCausality 255
ClaudioM.RadaelliandTheofanisExadaktylos
Index 265
Tables, Figures and Boxes
Tables
2.1 Sample 22
2.2 Aggregatedataondesignissues 24
2.3 Fieldandframeworkfortotalandsub-samples 25
2.4 Actorsandindependentvariables 26
2.5 Explanatoryfactors:Controlled-forandsignificant 27
2.6 Cross-tabulationbetweenEuropeanizationeffects
(‘europeyes’)and(i)time,(ii)causalmechanisms
(‘mechan’)and(iii)normativeissues(‘norm’);allvalues
areexpressedaspercentages 28
2.7 Logisticregression:Time,mechanismsandnormative
issues 29
2.8 Logisticregression:Leversofchange 30
3.1 StudiesmeasuringtheEuropeanizationofnational
legislation 47
5.1 Thestudyofdiscursiveconstructs 96
6.1 Variablesinfluencingthedegreeofcompliance 109
6.2 Activeandpassiveinertia 110
7.1 Overviewofhypotheses 128
8.1 Process-tracingquestions 148
9.1 ThespaceofmodesofEuropeanization 166
11.1 TheadaptedexpectedoutcomesofEuropeanization 201
11.2 ComparisonofempiricalandexpectedEUimpacton
Germanforeignpolicy 209
11.3 Comparingtheexpectedwiththeactualoutcomesfrom
thecasestudy 214
Figures
4.1 Therelationshipbetweenstructureandagency
accordingtoArcher 76
5.1 Temporalcomparison 99
6.1 ResistancetoEuropeanintegration 119
8.1 ResearchdesignexaminingtheEuropeanizationofa
policyarea 148
ix