prostaglandin f2 and parenteral antibiotics as a treatment of postpartum metritis and endometritis

182 Pages·2015·1.67 MB·English

PROSTAGLANDIN F2α AND PARENTERAL
ANTIBIOTICS AS A TREATMENT OF POSTPARTUM
METRITIS AND ENDOMETRITIS, AND POSSIBLE
RELATION OF ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS WITH
SUBSEQUENT FERTILITY IN DAIRY COWS
PROSTAGLANDIINI F2α JA ANTIBIOOTIKUMIDE
LIHASTESISENE VÕI NAHAALUNE KASUTAMINE
POEGIMISJÄRGSE METRIIDI JA ENDOMETRIIDI RAVIS
LÜPSILEHMADEL NING TAASTIINESTUMISE VÕIMALIK
HINDAMINE AKUUTSE FAASI PROTEIINIDE MÄÄRAMISE
KAUDU
JULIA JEREMEJEVA
A Thesis
applying for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Medicine and
Food Sciences (Veterinary Obstetrics and Gynaecology)
Väitekiri
filosoofiadoktori kraadi taotlemiseks veterinaarmeditsiini ja toiduteaduse
(sünnitusabi ja günekoloogia) erialal
Tartu 2015

Eesti Maaülikooli doktoritööd
Doctoral Theses of the
Estonian University of Life Sciences

α
PROSTAGLANDIN F2 AND PARENTERAL
ANTIBIOTICS AS A TREATMENT OF
POSTPARTUM METRITIS AND ENDOMETRITIS,
AND POSSIBLE RELATION OF ACUTE PHASE
PROTEINS WITH SUBSEQUENT FERTILITY IN
DAIRY COWS
α
PROSTAGLANDIINI F2 JA ANTIBIOOTIKUMIDE
LIHASTESISENE VÕI NAHAALUNE KASUTAMINE
POEGIMISJÄRGSE METRIIDI JA ENDOMETRIIDI RAVIS
LÜPSILEHMADEL NING TAASTIINESTUMISE VÕIMALIK
HINDAMINE AKUUTSE FAASI PROTEIINIDE MÄÄRAMISE
KAUDU
JULIA JEREMEJEVA
A Thesis
applying for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary
Medicine and Food Sciences (Veterinary Obstetrics and Gynaecology)
Väitekiri
fi losoofi adoktori kraadi taotlemiseks veterinaarmeditsiini ja
toiduteaduse (sünnitusabi ja günekoloogia) erialal
Tartu 2015
Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences
Estonian University of Life Sciences
According to verdict No 2 of October 24th, 2014, the Doctoral Committee
of the Veterinary Medicine and Food Sciences of the Estonian University
of Life Sciences has accepted the thesis for the defence of the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy in Veterinary Medicine.
Opponent: Prof. Dr. Marc Drillich
Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health
University of Veterinary Medicine
Vienna, Austria
Supervisors: Assoc. prof. Kalle Kask
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine
Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences
Estonian University of Life Sciences
Prof. Toomas Orro
Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine
Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences
Estonian University of Life Sciences
Defence of the thesis:
Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, room A-201, Tartu,
on March 12, 2015, at 10.00
The publication of this dissertation is supported by the Eesti Maaülikool
© Julia Jeremejeva 2015
ISSN 2382-7076
ISBN 978-9949-536-73-3 (trükis)
ISBN 978-9949-536-74-0 (pdf)
CONTENTS
LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS .................................................8
ABBREVIATION .......................................................................................10
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................11
2. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ..................................................13
2.1. Defi nitions of terms in postpartum uterine disease .................13
2.2. Etiology and prevalence of postpartum uterine
infl ammations ..................................................................................15
2.3. Diagnosis ..........................................................................................16
2.3.1. Clinical signs .......................................................................16
2.3.1.1. Examination of vaginal discharge .....................17
2.3.1.2. Palpation per rectum ...........................................18
2.3.1.3. Evaluation of sings of systemic illness .............18
2.3.2. Ultrasonography .................................................................18
2.3.3. Hematology .........................................................................18
2.3.4. Bacteriological examination .............................................19
2.3.5. Cytological examination....................................................19
2.3.6. Histological examination ..................................................20
2.4. Treatment .........................................................................................20
2.4.1. Antibiotic therapy ..............................................................21
2.4.1.1. Intrauterine therapy ..............................................21
2.4.1.2. Systemic administration of antibiotics ..............22
2.4.2. Antiseptic chemicals ..........................................................23
2.4.3. Supportive therapy .............................................................24
2.4.4. Hormone therapy ...............................................................24
2.5. Acute phase proteins ......................................................................25
2.6. Consequences of PP uterine infl ammations ...............................26
3. AIMS OF THE STUDY .......................................................................28
4. MATERIALS AND METHODS .......................................................29
4.1. Farms and animals ..........................................................................29
4.2. Defi nitions of postpartum events ................................................30
4.3. Treatment of CM and CE..............................................................30
4.4. Clinical examination .......................................................................32
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4.5. Ultrasonographic examination (I) ................................................32
4.6. Bacteriological sampling and examination (I, II, III) ..............33
4.7. Cytological sampling and examination (II) ................................33
4.8. Histological sampling and examination (IV) .............................34
4.9. Blood and milk samples .................................................................34
4.10. Methods of APP analysis ..............................................................35
4.11. Methods of P4 analysis ..................................................................35
4.12. Fertility analysis (III-V) ................................................................36
4.13. Statistical analysis ...........................................................................36
5. RESULTS .................................................................................................39
5.1. Systemic administrations of ceftiofur with 2 injections of
α
PGF2 in comparison with oxytocine with i.u. administration
of cephapirin and combination of ceftiofur with NSAID in
early PP .............................................................................................39
5.1.1. Calving performance and exclusion ................................39
5.1.2. Clinical sings .......................................................................39
5.1.3. Results of US examination (I) .........................................41
5.1.4. Results of bacteriological examination ..........................41
5.1.5. Results of cytological examination (II) ..........................42
5.1.6. Acute phase proteins .........................................................43
5.1.7. Start of ovarian activity ....................................................44
5.1.8. Fertility parameters ...........................................................45
5.2. Early vs late postpartum treatment of clinical endometritis
using combination of systemic administrations of ceftiofur
α
with PGF2 (IV) ............................................................................47
5.2.1. Calving performance and exclusion ................................47
5.2.2. Clinical sings .....................................................................47
5.2.3. Results of histological examination ...............................47
5.2.4. Acute phase proteins ........................................................47
5.2.5. Start of ovarian activity .....................................................47
5.2.6. Fertility parameters ...........................................................48
5.3. Association of SAA, Hp, and Fb with
fertility parameters (V) ..................................................................48
6. DISCUSSION ..........................................................................................53
6
6.1. Systemic administrations of ceftiofur with 2 injections of
α
PGF2 in comparison with oxytocine with i.u. administration
of cephapirin and combination of ceftiofur with NSAID in
early PP .............................................................................................54
6.2. Early vs late postpartum treatment of clinical endometritis
using combination of systemic administrations of ceftiofur
α
with PGF2 .....................................................................................57
6.3. APP and their relationship with subsequent fertility of cows
after postpartum uterine infl ammation .....................................59
7. CONCLUSIONS .....................................................................................62
REFERENCES ............................................................................................63
SUMMARY IN ESTONIAN ....................................................................78
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......................................................................93
ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS .................................................................95
CURRICULUM VITAE...........................................................................171
ELULOOKIRJELDUS ............................................................................173
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS .....................................................................175
7
LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS
This thesis is a summary of the following papers, which are referred
to by Roman numerals in the text. All papers are reproduced with due
permission from publishers.
I. Jeremejeva, J., Orro, T., Waldmann A., Lindjärv, R., Kask, K.
2010. Effect of two different treatments on the clinical signs and
infl ammatory parameters in case of experimentally induced acute
puerperal metritis in dairy cows. Veterinarija ir Zootechnika, 52,
50-58.
II. Jeremejeva, J., Orro, T., Valdmann, M., Kask, K. 2010.
Bacteriological and cytological fi ndings during the late puerperal
period after two different treatments of retained placenta followed
by acute puerperal metritis. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 52, 41.
III. Jeremejeva, J., Orro, T., Waldmann, A., Kask, K. 2012. Treatment of
α
dairy cows with PGF2 or NSAID, in combination with antibiotics,
in cases of postpartum uterine infl ammation. Acta Veterinaria
Scandinavica, 54, 45.
IV. Jeremejeva, J., Orro, T., Waldmann, A., Aunapuu, M., Arend,
A., Kask, K. Early versus late postpartum treatment of clinical
endometritis using combination of systemic administrations of
ceftiofur with prostaglandin F2α. Livestock Sciences, submitted.
V. Jeremejeva, J., Orro, T., Kask, K. Relationship between acute phase
proteins and subsequent fertility of dairy cows after postpartum
uterine infl ammation. Veterinarija ir Zootechnika, accepted.
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