Table Of ContentProperties of concrete
Fifth Edition
A. M. Neville
CBE, DSc(Eng), DSc, FIStructE, FREng, FRSE
Honorary Member of the American Concrete Institute
Honorary Member and Gold Medallist of the Concrete Society
Honorary Member of the Brazilian Concrete Institute
formerly
Head of Department of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds,
England
Dean of Engineering, University of Calgary, Canada
Principal and Vice-Chancellor, University of Dundee, Scotland
President of the Concrete Society
Vice-President of the Royal Academy of Engineering
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First published 2011
ISBN: 978-0-273-75580-7
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue entry for this title is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Neville, Adam M.
Properties of concrete / A.M. Neville. -- 5th ed.
p. cm.
ISBN 978-0-273-75580-7 (pbk.)
1. Concrete. I. Title.
TA439.N48 2011
620.1′36--dc23
2011019819
Set by 35 in 10/12 Monotype Times
Printed in Malaysia (CTP-VVP)
5 4 3 2 1
15 14 13 12 11
Contents
Preface to the Fifth Edition
Preface
Acknowledgements
1 Portland cement
Historical note
Manufacture of Portland cement
Chemical composition of Portland cement
Hydration of cement
Calcium silicate hydrates
Tricalcium aluminate hydrate and the action of gypsum
Setting
False set
Fineness of cement
Structure of hydrated cement
Volume of products of hydration
Capillary pores
Gel pores
Mechanical strength of cement gel
Water held in hydrated cement paste
Heat of hydration of cement
Influence of the compound composition on properties of
cement
Effects of alkalis
Effects of glass in clinker
Tests on properties of cement
Consistency of standard paste
Setting time
Soundness
Strength of cement
References
2 Cementitious materials of different types
Categorization of cementitious materials
Different cements
Ordinary Portland cement
Rapid-hardening Portland cement
Special very rapid-hardening Portland cements
Low heat Portland cement
Sulfate-resisting cement
White cement and pigments
Portland blastfurnace cement
Supersulfated cement
Pozzolanas
Fly ash
Pozzolanic cements
Silica fume
Fillers
Other cements
Which cement to use
High-alumina cement
Manufacture
Composition and hydration
Resistance to chemical attack
Physical properties of high-alumina cement
Conversion of high-alumina cement
Refractory properties of high-alumina cement
References
3 Properties of aggregate
General classification of aggregates
Classification of natural aggregates
Sampling
Particle shape and texture
Bond of aggregate
Strength of aggregate
Other mechanical properties of aggregate
Specific gravity
Bulk density
Porosity and absorption of aggregate
Moisture content of aggregate
Bulking of fine aggregate
Deleterious substances in aggregate
Organic impurities
Clay and other fine material
Salt contamination
Unsound particles
Soundness of aggregate
Alkali–silica reaction
Tests for aggregate reactivity
Alkali–carbonate reaction
Thermal properties of aggregate
Sieve analysis
Grading curves
Fineness modulus
Grading requirements
Practical gradings
Grading of fine and coarse aggregates
Oversize and undersize
Gap-graded aggregate
Maximum aggregate size
Use of ‘plums’
Handling of aggregate
Special aggregates
Recycled concrete aggregate
References
4 Fresh concrete
Quality of mixing water
Density of fresh concrete
Definition of workability
The need for sufficient workability
Factors affecting workability
Measurement of workability
Slump test
Compacting factor test
ASTM flow test
Remoulding test
Vebe test
Flow table test
Ball penetration test and compactability test
Nasser’s K-tester
Two-point test
Comparison of tests
Stiffening time of concrete
Effect of time and temperature on workability
Segregation
Bleeding
The mixing of concrete
Concrete mixers
Uniformity of mixing
Mixing time
Hand mixing
Ready-mixed concrete
Retempering
Pumped concrete
Concrete pumps
Use of pumping
Requirements for pumped concrete
Pumping lightweight aggregate concrete
Shotcrete
Underwater concrete
Preplaced aggregate concrete
Vibration of concrete
Internal vibrators
External vibrators
Vibrating tables
Other vibrators
Revibration
Vacuum-dewatered concrete
Permeable formwork
Analysis of fresh concrete
Self-compacting (self-consolidating) concrete
References
5 Admixtures
Benefits of admixtures
Types of admixtures
Accelerating admixtures
Retarding admixtures
Water-reducing admixtures
Superplasticizers
Nature of superplasticizers
Effects of superplasticizers
Dosage of superplasticizers
Loss of workability
Superplasticizer–cement compatibility
Use of superplasticizers
Special admixtures
Waterproofing admixtures
Anti-bacterial and similar admixtures
Remarks about the use of admixtures
References
6 Strength of concrete
Water/cement ratio
Effective water in the mix
Gel/space ratio
Porosity
Cement compacts
Influence of properties of coarse aggregate on strength
Influence of aggregate/cement ratio on strength
Nature of strength of concrete
Strength in tension
Cracking and failure in compression
Failure under multiaxial stress
Microcracking
Aggregate–cement paste interface
Effect of age on strength of concrete
Maturity of concrete
Relation between compressive and tensile strengths
Bond between concrete and reinforcement
References
