Practical Arduino: Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware (Technology in Action)

445 Pages·2009·9.31 MB·English

by  Jonathan Oxer

CYAN YELLOW
MAGENTA BLACK
PANTONE 123 C
Practical Arduino Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware TECHNOLOGY IN ACTION™
P
r
T a
his book was written to demonstrate a variety of Arduino techniques in a practical
c Practical
context, giving you an opportunity to learn how the theory and reference material
already available online applies to real-world projects. t
If you’ve come as far as picking up a whole book about Arduino, you’re ready for i
c
something more substantial than assembly instructions. You don’t want a simple series
of steps to follow: you want to understand not just how to assemble something, but why a Arduino
it was designed that way in the first place. That’s what this book will give you: you won’t
l
just be a color-by-numbers painter; you’ll learn to be a true hardware craftsman and artist,
able to conceptualize, design, and assemble your own creations. A
We want you to take these projects as inspiration and examples of applying a variety
of handy techniques and then adapt them to suit your own requirements, coming up r
with inspiration and new ideas that put ours to shame. And we hope that you’ll then
d
share your creations with us and with the world, inspiring others in turn. By following
through the projects in this book, you will gain a number of insights into the flexibility of
Arduino as a platform for taking software and hardware and linking them to the physical u
Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware
world around us.
i
n
o
LEARN IN-DEPTH ARDUINO
Also available: TECHNIQUES USING
REAL-WORLD PROJECTS
B
l
e
m
ISBN 978-1-4302-2477-8 US $39.99 inOx
53999 ge
Shelve in Hardware sr
User level: Beginning–Advanced Jonathan Oxer
Hugh Blemings
SOURCE CODE ONLINE
9 781430 224778 www.apress.com
this print for content only—size & color not accurate trim size = 7.5" x 9.25" spine = 0.859" 448 page count
CYAN YELLOW
MAGENTA BLACK
PANTONE 123 C
Practical Arduino Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware TECHNOLOGY IN ACTION™
P
r
T a
his book was written to demonstrate a variety of Arduino techniques in a practical
c Practical
context, giving you an opportunity to learn how the theory and reference material
already available online applies to real-world projects. t
If you’ve come as far as picking up a whole book about Arduino, you’re ready for i
c
something more substantial than assembly instructions. You don’t want a simple series
of steps to follow: you want to understand not just how to assemble something, but why a Arduino
it was designed that way in the first place. That’s what this book will give you: you won’t
l
just be a color-by-numbers painter; you’ll learn to be a true hardware craftsman and artist,
able to conceptualize, design, and assemble your own creations. A
We want you to take these projects as inspiration and examples of applying a variety
of handy techniques and then adapt them to suit your own requirements, coming up r
with inspiration and new ideas that put ours to shame. And we hope that you’ll then
d
share your creations with us and with the world, inspiring others in turn. By following
through the projects in this book, you will gain a number of insights into the flexibility of
Arduino as a platform for taking software and hardware and linking them to the physical u
Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware
world around us.
i
n
o
LEARN IN-DEPTH ARDUINO
Also available: TECHNIQUES USING
REAL-WORLD PROJECTS
B
l
e
m
ISBN 978-1-4302-2477-8 US $39.99 inOx
53999 ge
Shelve in Hardware sr
User level: Beginning–Advanced Jonathan Oxer
Hugh Blemings
SOURCE CODE ONLINE
9 781430 224778 www.apress.com
this print for content only—size & color not accurate trim size = 7.5" x 9.25" spine = 0.859" 448 page count
Practical Arduino
Cool Projects for
Open Source Hardware

(cid:132) (cid:132) (cid:132)
Jonathan Oxer
Hugh Blemings
Practical Arduino: Cool Projects for Open Source Hardware
Copyright © 2009 by Jonathan Oxer and Hugh Blemings
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or
retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner and the publisher.
ISBN-13 (pbk): 978-1-4302-2477-8
ISBN-13 (electronic): 978-1-4302-2478-5
Printed and bound in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Trademarked names may appear in this book. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every
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the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark.
Cover picture of Arduino Duemilanove used with permission of SparkFun Electronics.
President and Publisher: Paul Manning
Lead Editor: Michelle Lowman
Technical Reviewers: Nathan Seidle, Andy Gelme, Thomas Sprinkmeier, Trent Lloyd, Scott
Penrose, Marc Alexander, Philip Lindsay
Editorial Board: Clay Andres, Steve Anglin, Mark Beckner, Ewan Buckingham, Gary Cornell,
Jonathan Gennick, Jonathan Hassell, Michelle Lowman, Matthew Moodie, Duncan Parkes,
Jeffrey Pepper, Frank Pohlmann, Douglas Pundick, Ben Renow-Clarke, Dominic Shakeshaft,
Matt Wade, Tom Welsh
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Copy Editor: Vanessa Moore
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For everyone who looks at the everyday objects around them and sees the potential of what they could
become.
ii
Contents at a Glance
(cid:132) Contents at a Glance..............................................................................................iv
(cid:132) Contents..................................................................................................................v
(cid:132) About the Authors................................................................................................xvi
(cid:132) About the Technical Reviewers..........................................................................xvii
(cid:132) Acknowledgments...............................................................................................xix
(cid:132) Introduction..........................................................................................................xx
(cid:132) Chapter 1: Introduction...........................................................................................1
(cid:132) Chapter 2: Appliance Remote Control...................................................................17
(cid:132) Chapter 3: Time-Lapse Camera Controller............................................................37
(cid:132) Chapter 4: Virtual USB Keyboard..........................................................................51
(cid:132) Chapter 5: PS/2 Keyboard or Mouse Input...........................................................63
(cid:132) Chapter 6: Security/Automation Sensors.............................................................81
(cid:132) Chapter 7: Online Thermometer..........................................................................101
(cid:132) Chapter 8: Touch Control Panel..........................................................................121
(cid:132) Chapter 9: Speech Synthesizer...........................................................................139
(cid:132) Chapter 10: Water Flow Gauge...........................................................................163
(cid:132) Chapter 11: Oscilloscope/Logic Analyzer...........................................................185
(cid:132) Chapter 12: Water Tank Depth Sensor................................................................209
(cid:132) Chapter 13: Weather Station Receiver................................................................239
(cid:132) Chapter 14: RFID Access Control System...........................................................269
(cid:132) Chapter 15: Vehicle Telemetry Platform.............................................................295
(cid:132) Chapter 16: Resources........................................................................................383
(cid:132) Index...................................................................................................................405
iv
Contents
(cid:132) Contents at a Glance..............................................................................................iv
(cid:132) Contents..................................................................................................................v
(cid:132) About the Authors................................................................................................xvi
(cid:132) About the Technical Reviewers..........................................................................xvii
(cid:132) Acknowledgments...............................................................................................xix
(cid:132) Introduction..........................................................................................................xx
(cid:132) Chapter 1: Introduction...........................................................................................1
Fundamentals....................................................................................................................1
Sharing Your Work.............................................................................................................1
Practical Electronics for Software Developers..................................................................1
Current, Voltage, and Power.....................................................................................................................2
Mains Is Nasty..........................................................................................................................................2
Reading Schematics.................................................................................................................................3
Resistance and Resistors.........................................................................................................................6
Ohm’s Law and Current Limiting..............................................................................................................7
Choosing Wire...........................................................................................................................................8
Diodes.......................................................................................................................................................8
Power Supplies.........................................................................................................................................9
USB Power...........................................................................................................................................9
Batteries............................................................................................................................................10
Wall Warts/Plugpacks........................................................................................................................11
v
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Capacitance and Capacitors...................................................................................................................11
Fundamentals....................................................................................................................................11
Capacitor Types.................................................................................................................................12
Power Supply Bypass........................................................................................................................13
ESD Precautions.....................................................................................................................................13
Tools.......................................................................................................................................................13
Parts.......................................................................................................................................................14
Further Reading......................................................................................................................................15
(cid:132) Chapter 2: Appliance Remote Control...................................................................17
Parts Required.................................................................................................................17
Instructions......................................................................................................................19
Test and Investigate Appliance Remote.................................................................................................19
Assemble Reed Relay Shield..................................................................................................................21
Connect Reed Relay Shield to Remote Control.......................................................................................25
Create Reed Relay Control Program.......................................................................................................27
ApplianceRemoteControl...................................................................................................................27
ApplianceRemoteControlCompact.....................................................................................................30
Test Reed Relay Shield and Sketch........................................................................................................32
Variations.........................................................................................................................34
Wireless Link..........................................................................................................................................34
Automatic Trigger...................................................................................................................................34
Socket Connections................................................................................................................................35
(cid:132) Chapter 3: Time-Lapse Camera Controller............................................................37
Parts Required.................................................................................................................37
Instructions......................................................................................................................39
Assemble Prototyping Shield..................................................................................................................39
Connect Camera Shutter Release...........................................................................................................39
Remote Shutter Release Connector...................................................................................................40
vi
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Infrared Remote Control....................................................................................................................42
Modify Camera..................................................................................................................................43
Configure Camera...................................................................................................................................44
Calculate Photo Interval..........................................................................................................................44
Configure and Load Sketch....................................................................................................................44
Check Memory Capacity.........................................................................................................................48
Set Up Your Shoot...................................................................................................................................48
Process the Images................................................................................................................................48
Linux..................................................................................................................................................48
Windows............................................................................................................................................48
Macintosh..........................................................................................................................................49
Variations.........................................................................................................................49
(cid:132) Chapter 4: Virtual USB Keyboard..........................................................................51
Parts Required.................................................................................................................51
Instructions......................................................................................................................53
Populate Prototyping Shield...................................................................................................................53
Prepare the UsbKeyboard Library...........................................................................................................56
Compile and Upload Sketch....................................................................................................................57
Variations.........................................................................................................................61
Chording Keyboard.................................................................................................................................61
(cid:132) Chapter 5: PS/2 Keyboard or Mouse Input...........................................................63
Parts Required.................................................................................................................63
Instructions......................................................................................................................64
PS/2 Connections...................................................................................................................................65
Recycled 6-Pin Mini-DIN Sockets...........................................................................................................66
6-Pin Mini-DIN Panel Sockets................................................................................................................67
PS/2 Extension Cable..............................................................................................................................69
Keyboard Software.................................................................................................................................73
vii
(cid:132) CONTENTS
Mouse Software.....................................................................................................................................76
Variations................................................................................................................................................79
Barcode Reader for a Stock Control System.....................................................................................79
Resources........................................................................................................................80
(cid:132) Chapter 6: Security/Automation Sensors.............................................................81
Parts Required.................................................................................................................82
Instructions......................................................................................................................84
Security Sensor Basics...........................................................................................................................84
Assemble Four-Channel Alarm Sensor Shield........................................................................................87
Install End-of-Line Resistors on Sensor.................................................................................................92
Load Test Program.................................................................................................................................95
PIR Placement........................................................................................................................................98
Variations.........................................................................................................................98
Visual Display Written in Processing......................................................................................................98
Home Security System...........................................................................................................................99
Multiple Buttons on One Input................................................................................................................99
(cid:132) Chapter 7: Online Thermometer..........................................................................101
Parts Required...............................................................................................................101
Instructions....................................................................................................................103
Mount PCB Plugs on Shield..................................................................................................................103
Connect Data Lines...............................................................................................................................105
Assemble Sensors................................................................................................................................106
Load Program................................................................................................................108
Variations.......................................................................................................................119
(cid:132) Chapter 8: Touch Control Panel..........................................................................121
Parts Required...............................................................................................................122
Instructions....................................................................................................................123
How Resistive Touch Screens Work.....................................................................................................123
viii