Table Of ContentPraise for Population-Based Public Health Clinical Manual,
Second Edition
“The second edition of Population-Based Public Health Clinical Manual: The Henry Street Model for Nurses
is an excellent primer on public health nursing (PHN) practice and serves as a valuable resource book for un-
dergraduate students as well as PHN staff. This comprehensive and inspiring text invokes the timeless perspec-
tives of public health nursing’s founder, Lillian Wald; builds on Minnesota’s rich tradition of PHN practice; and
guides readers’ understanding of PHN cornerstone beliefs, values, and principles. The authors skillfully thread
contemporary competencies, essentials, and standards into local and global practice scenarios with individuals
and families, communities, and populations. They create a mind-set that challenges, questions, and encourages
actions to promote the public’s health.”
–Pamela A. Kulbok, DNSc, RN, PHCNS-BC, FAAN
Theresa A. Thomas Professor of Nursing and Professor of Public Health Sciences
University of Virginia School of Nursing
“Relevant, current, timely, inspiring, rigorous, and compelling—this volume is an exceptional resource for those
teaching, learning, and practicing public health or community health nursing. Thanks to the Henry Street Con-
sortium and the authors who have brought this remarkable collaboration and uniquely powerful resource that
will serve the needs of academicians and practitioners alike. Lillian Wald would have loved this book.”
–Marla E. Salmon, ScD, RN, FAAN
Senior Visiting Fellow, Evans School of Public Affairs
Professor, Nursing, Global Health, and Public Health
University of Washington
“The Henry Street Consortium continues in this second edition to use the innovative and historically important
Henry Street model to inspire and guide beginning students and novice nurses in learning and applying the
arts and sciences of nursing care in home and community. Competency-based resources, case applications, and
reflective learning exercises are now enhanced by attention to technological applications, national and interna-
tional goals, and global public health issues. Partnerships of students, practicing nurses, and clinical preceptors
will find this manual a practical and inspiring resource.”
–Mary W. Byrne, PhD, DNP, MPH, FAAN
Stone Foundation and Elise D. Fish Professor of Clinical Health Care for the Underserved
Columbia University School of Nursing and College of Physicians and Surgeons
“The Henry Street Consortium brings the second edition of its textbook based on public health nursing com-
petencies written from the student’s perspective. New features in this volume include a discussion of social
marketing; a comparison of evidence-based practice, research, and quality improvement; and motivational
interviewing. Woven throughout the chapters are activities related to the Healthy People website, with practi-
cal examples on how to use the information from this site as well as updated resources related to the Affordable
Care Act.”
–Linda Spencer, PhD, RN
Associate Professor of Nursing
Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing
Population-Based
Public Health Clinical
Manual, Second Edition
The Henry Street Model for Nurses
Carolyn M. Garcia, PhD, MPH, RN, PHN
Marjorie A. Schaffer, PhD, MS, RN, PHN
Patricia M. Schoon, MPH, RN, PHN
Copyright © 2014 by Sigma Theta Tau International
All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
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cited in this book are the property of their respective owners. Their use here does not imply that you may use them for simi-
lar or any other purpose.
The Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International (STTI), is a nonprofit organization whose mission
is to support the learning, knowledge, and professional development of nurses committed to making a difference
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ISBN: 9781938835346
EPUB ISBN: 9781938835353
PDF ISBN: 9781938835360
MOBI ISBN: 9781938835377
____________________________________________________________________________________
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Garcia, Carolyn, author.
Population based public health clinical manual : the Henry Street model for nurses / Carolyn M. Garcia, Marjorie A.
Schaffer, Patricia M. Schoon. -- Second edition.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-938835-34-6 (book : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-1-938835-35-3 (EPUB) -- ISBN 978-1-938835-36-0 (PDF) --
ISBN 978-1-938835-37-7 (MOBI)
I. Garcia, Carolyn M., author. II. Schoon, Patricia M., author. III. Sigma Theta Tau International, issuing body. IV. Title.
[DNLM: 1. Henry Street Consortium. 2. Public Health Nursing--education. 3. Competency-Based Education. 4. Educa-
tion, Nursing--standards. 5. Models, Educational. WY 108]
RT97
610.73’4--dc23
2013050299
First Printing, 2014
Publisher: Renee Wilmeth Principal Editor: Carla Hall
Acquisitions and Development Editor: Emily Hatch Project Editor: Heather Wilcox
Editorial Coordinator: Paula Jeffers Copy Editor: Heather Wilcox
Cover Designer: Katy Bodenmiller Proofreader: Erin Geile
Interior Design and Page Composition: Rebecca Batchelor Indexer: Joy Dean Lee
Dedication
We dedicate this book to the public health nurses and educators who work together to create effective and
meaningful learning experiences for nursing students. Your commitment and passion will live on in the
public health nursing workforce of the future.
Acknowledgments
We wish to thank our colleagues in the Henry Street Consortium who generously shared their knowledge,
experiences, and examples of the essence of public health nursing. Linda Olson Keller and Sue Strohs-
chein’s vision for developing the public health nursing workforce of the future led to a federal Division
of Nursing grant obtained by the Minnesota Department of Health. The “Linking Public Health Nursing
Practice and Education to Promote Population Health” grant provided support for the development of the
Henry Street Consortium. As a result of this support, public health nurses and nursing educators collabo-
rated to develop the Henry Street Consortium competencies.
We wish to thank Liz Fine Weinfurter, health sciences librarian, who conducted literature searches for
each of the competencies. The colleges, universities, health departments, and agencies represented by
Henry Street Consortium members are listed below.
Public Health Agencies
Anoka County Community Health & Environmental Services Department
Carver County Public Health Department
Chisago County Public Health Division of Health and Human Services
City of Bloomington Division of Public Health
Dakota County Public Health Department
Hennepin County Human Services & Public Health Department
Isanti County Public Health
Kanabec County Public Health
Metropolitan Area School Nurses
Minnesota Department of Health
Minnesota Visiting Nurse Agency
Saint Paul-Ramsey County Public Health
Scott County Public Health
Sherburne County Public Health Department
Washington County Department of Public Health & Environment
Wright County Human Services Agency
Colleges and Universities
Augsburg College
Bethel University
St. Catherine University
Crown College
Globe University & Minnesota School of Business
Herzing University
Metropolitan State University
Minnesota State University, Mankato
Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota
University of Minnesota
About the Authors
Carolyn M. Garcia, PhD, MPH, RN, PHN, is an associate professor in the School of Nursing at the
University of Minnesota and holds an adjunct faculty appointment in the School of Public Health. Her
program of research is focused on health promotion among the vulnerable, including adolescent mental
health promotion, and employs community-based participatory methods to develop, implement, and
evaluate school-based, family-centric interventions for youth and their families. Garcia has worked as a
public health nurse for nearly 20 years in settings ranging from teen clinics and detention centers to refu-
gee camps in Rwanda and post-9/11 Red Cross disaster relief centers in Washington, DC. Garcia teaches
courses focused on public health nursing and mixed/qualitative research methods and advises undergrad-
uate and graduate students’ programs in nursing and public health. She serves on the board of directors
for the International Association of Forensic Nurses, and she is a former president of Zeta Chapter of the
Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International.
Marjorie A. Schaffer, PhD, MS, RN, PHN, is a professor of nursing at Bethel University in St. Paul, Min-
nesota. In 2010, Schaffer received the University Professor Award from Bethel University in honor of her
scholarly work. A founding member of the Henry Street Consortium, she has taught public health nurs-
ing for more than 25 years. She has traveled to Norway as a Fulbright Scholar and to Norway and New
Zealand as a Fulbright Specialist to consult and present on public health nursing. She has served as presi-
dent of Chi-at-Large Chapter of the Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International. She has
coauthored articles on the Public Health Intervention Wheel and Henry Street Consortium. Schaffer has
written more than 40 articles and book chapters and coauthored Being Present: A Nurse’s Resource for End-
of-Life Communication, also published by Sigma Theta Tau International.
Patricia M. Schoon, MPH, RN, PHN, is a clinical instructor for the University of Wisconsin Oshkosh
and a doctoral student at the University of Minnesota. She is a founding member of the Henry Street
Consortium and has taught nursing and public health for more than 35 years. She received the Minnesota
Nurses Association Nurse Educator Award in 2005 for her work on Nurses Day on the Hill and has devel-
oped an online political advocacy tool kit. She was president of Chi-at-Large Chapter and faculty advisor
for Zeta Chapter of the Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International. Schoon has developed
innovative programs in the community, including a foot-care clinic for the homeless and a faith-based
program for older adults. She has coauthored articles on the Henry Street Consortium and is the author of
two chapters, “Population-Based Health Care Practice” and “Power and Politics,” in two current nursing
leadership textbooks.
Contributing Authors
Maureen A. Alms, MSN, PHN (Chapters 9, 12), is a public health nurse consultant with the Minnesota
Department of Health (MDH). She provides consultation and technical assistance regarding public health
practice to promote and maintain a strong public health infrastructure. Prior to working at MDH, she was
a PHN team leader for Mental Health in Goodhue County.
Linda J. W. Anderson, DNP, MPH, RN, PHN (Chapters 4, 8), is an associate professor of nursing and
director of the prelicensure nursing program at Bethel University in St. Paul, Minnesota. She teaches pub-
lic health nursing theory and clinical in both the preprofessional and degree-completion programs. Her
current research interests include investigation of the public health nursing practice of faith community
nurses and the development of faith community nurses as public health nursing preceptors for RN-to-
BSN degree-completion students.
Christine C. Andres, BSN, PHN (Chapter 9, 11, 12), is the family health supervisor at Kanabec County
Public Health in Mora, Minnesota. She is actively involved in efforts to protect and promote the health of
the residents of Kanabec County. She is a preceptor for nursing students and involved in training and de-
velopment for PHNs in Kanabec County.
Joyce Bredesen, DNP, RN, PHN (Chapter 5), is an associate professor of nursing at Metropolitan State
University in St. Paul, Minnesota. She teaches public health nursing theory and clinical in both the preli-
censure and degree-completion programs. Her current research interests include participatory research
with Parkinson’s disease as well as work with the homeless population within the community setting.
Other research interests include utilization of women’s healthcare during pregnancy for underserved
populations.
Bonnie Brueshoff, DNP, RN, PHN (Chapters 6, 13), is the public health director for the Dakota County
Public Health Department in West St. Paul and Apple Valley, Minnesota. She manages and provides lead-
ership for a staff of 100 with a budget of $10 million. Brueshoff has spent the majority of her 34 years in
nursing in public health and has a special interest in prevention and early-intervention programs and the
development of public health leaders. She is a graduate of the Robert Wood Johnson Executive Nurse Fel-
lows Program and the NACCHO Survive and Thrive Fellowship Program. She completed the University
of Minnesota Doctorate in Nursing Practice program in September 2013.
Colleen B. Clark, MSN, RN, PHN (Chapter 10), is an assistant professor at Minnesota State University,
Mankato. She teaches public health theory and clinical in the RN Baccalaureate Completion Program and
has previously taught in nursing prelicensure programs. She has more than 35 years of experience in com-
munity and school health agencies.
Carol Flaten, DNP, RN, PHN (Chapter 7), is a clinical assistant professor at the University of Minnesota
School of Nursing. Her public health nursing experience has included health promotion programs and
disease-prevention and -control programs. Her scholarly work has included the application of quality im-
provement theory to maternal child health programs. She is currently involved in simulation and digital
media strategies to enhance learning in undergraduate education. She enjoys partnerships with clinical
agencies to facilitate student experiences in public health nursing.
Karen Goedken, MS, BSN, BA, PHN, and LTC retired, Army Reserve Nurse Corps (Chapter 12), has
worked as a PHN for Hennepin County in a variety of positions, serving the disability community for
more than 20 years. She spent 4 of those years on active duty with the military, again using her disability
expertise to provide support to the Army Wounded Warrior program at the Pentagon and to the Army’s
Traumatic Brain Injury Task Force in 2007. Most recently, she helped Hennepin County develop a men-
torship program for nursing students and integrated some of those students into an experimental health
and wellness project with Minnesota Life College in Richfield, Minnesota.
Carol L. Hargate, PhD, CNP (Chapter 5), is an associate professor of nursing at Bethel University in St.
Paul, Minnesota. Hargate maintains an active community-based pediatric nurse practitioner practice. She
teaches public health nursing theory and clinical in both the preprofessional and degree-completion pro-
grams and serves as a community engagement coordinator. Her current research interests include com-
munity-engaged interprofessional practice, access to healthcare, and ways to address health disparities
from a public health perspective.
Rose M. Jost, MEd, PHN (Chapters 5, 8), is recently retired from the City of Bloomington Division of
Public Health, Bloomington, Minnesota. As the Family Health Manager, she was responsible for intensive
home-visiting services to high-risk families, child care consultation, school health services, health promo-
tion activities, and services for children with special needs. She has a lifelong interest in supporting nurs-
ing education. Currently, she serves on the Richfield, Minnesota, Advisory Board of Health and the Min-
nesota State Community Health Services Advisory Committee.
Madeleine Kerr, PhD, RN (Chapter 4) is an associate professor at the University of Minnesota School of
Nursing. She has taught public health nursing for 30 years in Illinois, Michigan, and Minnesota. Her re-
search focus is the prevention of occupational noise-induced hearing loss among construction workers.
Noreen Kleinfehn-Wald, MA, PHN (Chapters 3, 4, 10), is the team leader for disease prevention and
control for Scott County Public Health in Shakopee, Minnesota. She has 31 years of experience in public
health in two Minnesota counties, in inner-city settings, and in east Africa. She has primary responsibil-
ity for communicable disease investigation and management and immunization services and has a special
interest in public health data analysis.
Cheryl H. Lanigan, MA, PHN (Chapter 3), is the director of quality improvement and analysis for Family
Health at Minnesota Visiting Nurse Agency (MVNA) in Hennepin County, Minnesota. She coordinates
nursing student and resident experiences at MVNA and manages the MVNA Interpreter Program.
Raney Linck, MSN, RN (Chapters 6, 8), is a nursing faculty member at the University of Minnesota
School of Nursing as part of the VA Nursing Academic Partnership with the Minneapolis VA Health
Care System. He has taught public health nursing theory and worked in hospice case management, home
health, and chemical dependency treatment in addition to critical care and informatics. He publishes the
blog Digital Trends in Nursing in association with Reflections on Nursing Leadership (RNL) magazine, pub-
lished by the Honor Society of Nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International.
