Policing the New World Disorder

574 Pages·2000·31.16 MB·English

POLICING THE NEW
WORLD DISORDER
Peace Operations and
Public Security
Policing the New
World Disorder
Peace Operations and
Public Security
Edited by
Robert B. Oakley
Michael J. Dziedzic
Eliot M. Goldberg
1998
National Defense University Press
Washington, DC
The Institute for National Strategic Studies (INS,S) is a major component of
the National Defense University (NDU), which operates under the supervision
of the President of NDU. It conducts strategic studies for the Secretary of
Defense, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and unified commanders in
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reports, and occasional papers on national security strategy, defense policy,
and national military strategy through NDU Press that reflect the output of
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Strategic Assessment and other work approved by the President of NDU, as
well as Joint Force Quarterly, a professional military journal published for the
Chairman.
Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied within
are solely those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the views of
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Library of Congress Cata loging- in-Publ icat ion Data .
Policing the new world disorder : peace operations and public security / edited
by Robert B. Oaldey, Michael J. Dzieclzic, Eliot M. Goldberg.
p . c m ,
ISBN 157906-006-4
I. Unitp.d Nations Armed Forces. 2. United States--Armed
Forces~Foreign countries. 3. Security, International. I. Oakley, Robert B.,
1931- II. Dziedzic, Michael J., 1949- III. Goldberg, Eliot M., 1969- .
JZ6377.U6P65 1998
341.5'84 dc21 97-43986
CIP
First Printing, May 1998
v/
In Memoriam
On September 1 Z 1997, a helicopter transpo~ng twelve international officials
on a peace mission in Bosnia crashed into a fog-enshrouded mountain, killing
all passengers on board.
Among those who perished were six members of the U.N. International
Police Task Force in Bosnia and the U.S. International Criminal Investigative
Training Assistance Program.
Livio "AI" Beccaccio, United States
Senior Advisor to the Deputy Commissioner
United Nations International Police Task Force
First Lieutenant Andrzej Buler, Poland
Assistant to the Deputy Commissioner
United Nations International Police Task Force
David "Kris" Kriscovich, United States
Deputy Commissioner for Training and Restructuring
United Nations International Police Task Force
Billy Nesbitt, United States
Bosnia Program Manager
International Criminal Investigative Training Assistance Program
Marvin Padgett, United States
Coordinator for Police Training
United Nations International Police Task Force
Dr. Georg Stiebler, Germany
Chief of Local Police Development Section
United Nations International Police Task Force
This book is dedicated to the lives and work of these noble law enforcement
professionals who made vital contributions to peace and stability in
Bosnia-Herzegovina.
vii
Contents
FOREWORD
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Xi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Michael d. Dziedzic
POLICE FUNCTIONS IN PEACE OPERATIONS:
An Historical Overview
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Erwin A. Schmidl
PANAMA: Operation dust Cause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Anthony Gray and Maxwell Man waring
POLICING CAMBODIA: The Public Security Dimensions of
U.N. Peace Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
James A. Schear and Karl Farris
EL SALVADOR: The Civilian Police Componen t of
Peace Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
William Stanley and Robert Loosle
MOZAMBIQUE: The CIVPOL Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
James L. Woods
PEACEKEEPING AND POLICING IN SOMALIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Lynn Thomas and Steve Spataro
HAITI: Military-Police Partnership for Public Security . . . . . . . . . 215
Michael Bailey, Robert Maguire, and J. O'Neil G. Pouliot
BOSNIA AND THE INTERNATIONAL POLICE TASK FORCE . . . . 253
Michael J. Dziedzic and Andrew Bair
INSTITUTIONAL LEARNING WITHIN ICITAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Charles T. Call
CIVILIAN POLICE IN U.N. PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS . . . . . 365
Harry Broer and Michael Emery
LEGITIMACY AND THE PUBLIC SECURITY FUNCTION . . . . . . . 399
Michael J. Kelly
RESPONSE: THE U.S. PERSPECTIVE OF
OPERATION RESTORE HOPE
F. M. Lorenz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
NORWEGIAN EXPERIENCES WITH
U.N. CIVILIAN POLICE OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
Espen Barth Eide and Thorstein Bratteland
REPORT OF THE SPECIAL SWEDISH COMMISSION ON
INTERNATIONAL POLICE ACTIVITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
Ntis Gunnar Billinger
CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
Robert B. Oakley and Michael J. Dziedzic
APPENDIX A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
Remarks by Chicago Police Super in tendent Matt Rodriquez
APPENDIX B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547
Remarks by the C o m m a n d a n t of the Military Police School
Brigadier General David W. Foley
APPENDIX C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553
Case Study Framework
ACRONYMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559
ABOUT THE EDITORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565
ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567
X"
Foreword
Peace operations have gained international attention in recent years, and
many excellent studies have appeared on the role of the military in separating
warring factions, enforcing cease-fires, and providing humanitarian relief.
Another dimension of peacekeeping has become readily apparent, however:
the need to strengthen or rebuild indigenous public security institutions.
Without a functioning police force, judiciary, and penal system, any troubled
state is further hindered in its attempts to overcome internal crisis.
The Institute for National Strategic Studies at the National Defense
University has addressed this growing concern and concluded that rebuilding
viable law enforcement capabilities is more central to the success of peace
operations than generally appreciated. INSS assembled a core group of
experienced civilian and military experts to prepare a series of case studies for
discussion. The case studies then formed the basis for a conference held in
late 1997 and attended by over one hundred international specialists. This
book is the end result of that effort.
Policing the New World Disorder should prove useful in conducting
comparative analyses of operations involving international assistance to public
security institutions. Chapters contributed by the Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian,
Australian, and Austrian experts take a broad view of the subject. A final
chapter offers some specific recommendations for consideration by the United
Nations, the United States, and other governments in improving the conduct
of multilateral operations to assist police forces, courts, and prison systems in
trohbled states. This effort has already contributed to an increased
understanding of this dimension of peace operations among members of U.S.
civilian and military agencies as well as international and nongovernmental
organizations. This book provides new insights that should help those charged
with carrying out such operations become more effective in strengthening
public security institutions in troubled countries.
gd-ta
RICHARDA . CHILCOAT
Lieutenant General, U.S. Army
President, National Defense University
x /
Acknowledgments
The Institute for National Strategic Studies' project on Public Security
and the New World Disorder originated with a May 1996 conference
held by the U.S. Institute of Peace that examined the issue of police
functions in peace operations. The resulting important work
encouraged us to initiate an intensive year-long project using a series
of case studies and involving both U.S. and international participants.
The people whom the editors wish to thank for their participation
and valuable insights are so numerous that we used an extensive
database to keep track of them. In particular, we thank the U.S.
Department of Defense offices of Peacekeeping and Humanitarian
Affairs, Strategic Plans and Policy, and Special Operations and Low
Intensity Conflict; the U.S. State Department Office of Peacekeeping
and Humanitarian Operations; the Global Issues and Multilateral Affairs
office at the National Security Council; the International Criminal
Investigative Training Assistance Program at the Department of Justice;
and the United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations and
its Civilian Police Unit.
Carnegie Corporation flmded the first year of the project, with
additional assistance provided by the John C. Whitehead Foundation
and the U.S. Institute of Peace. The Carnegie Commission on
Preventing Deadly Conflict, the Lester B. Pearson Canadian
Peacekeeping Training Centre, and the National Defense University
cohosted the concluding conference held September 15-16, 1997, at
the National Defense University.
Our final thanks go to the National Defense University Foundation.
Their hard-working staff maintained a consistent level of funding for the
entire project.
X I I I
POLICING THE NEW
WORLD DISORDER
Peace Operations and
Public Security