Planning and Designing the IP Broadcast Facility: A New Puzzle to Solve

169 Pages·2014·2.064 MB·English

by  Gary Olson

Planning and Designing the IP
Broadcast Facility
The transition to computer-based technologies and fi le-based workfl ows is one
of the most signifi cant changes the broadcast and production industry has seen.
Media is produced for multiple delivery platforms: Over-the-Air, Over-the-Top,
large screen displays, cable, satellite, web, digital signage, tablets, and smartphones.
These changes impact all aspects of creation, production, media management,
technical operations, business processes, and distribution to end users. Of all the
books and papers discussing storage mapping, packet transport, and compression
algorithms, none puts all the pieces together and explains where these fi t into the
whole environment. Planning and Designing the IP Broadcast Facility is the fi rst
to provide a comprehensive understanding of the technology architecture, physi-
cal facility changes, and—most importantly—the new media management work-
fl ows and business processes to support the entire lifecycle of the IP broadcast
facility from an engineering and workfl ow perspective.
Key features:
(cid:132) This beginning-to-end perspective gives you the necessary knowledge to make
the decisions to implement a cost-effective fi le-based production and distri-
bution system.
(cid:132) The cohesive, big-picture viewpoint helps you identify the differences in a
tape-based facility, then how to overcome the unique challenges of upgrading
your plant.
(cid:132) Case studies throughout the book serve as recommendations and examples of
use, helping you weigh the pros and cons of various approaches.
Gary Olson is an advisor specializing in the transition of traditional media
workfl ows and business processes. As a designer, he has provided his knowledge
to organizations implementing IP and fi le-based technology. His focus is the
adaptation of organizational structure, staffi ng models, and workfl ows to imple-
ment digital media technology. Gary is a recognized industry leader with practical
experience in the analysis, selection, and uses of technology and as an innovator in
media technologies and broadcast design. He designed the fi rst commercial televi-
sion networks for countries in Central Europe, the Caribbean, and South America.
Gary holds a US patent in streaming media automation and distribution.
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Planning and Designing the IP
Broadcast Facility
A New Puzzle to Solve
GARY OLSON
First published 2015
by Focal Press
70 Blanchard Road, Suite 402, Burlington, MA 01803
and by Focal Press
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Focal Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group,
an informa business
© 2015 Gary Olson
The right of Gary Olson to be identifi ed as the author of this work
has been asserted by him in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of
the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this fi eld are constantly changing.
As new research and experience broaden our understanding,
changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical
treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own
experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any
information, methods, compounds, or experiments described
herein. In using such information or methods they should be
mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including
parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered
trademarks, and are used only for identifi cation and explanation
without intent to infringe.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Olson, Gary (Broadcast engineer)
Planning and designing the IP broadcast facility : a new puzzle
to solve / Gary Olson.
pages cm
1. Webcasting. 2. Internet radio broadcasting. 3. Digital
media. 4. Communication and technology. I. Title.
TK5105.887.O47 2014
006.7ʹ876—dc23
2014019007
ISBN: 978-1-138-79895-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-138-79896-0 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-75630-1 (ebk)
Typeset in Minion
By Apex CoVantage, LLC
Dedication
This is dedicated to my wife Ellen who has given me unwavering love
and support through all my changes and adventures.

Contents
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
CHAPTER 1 —Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
New Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
New Vocabulary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Workfl ow, Processes, and Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Business Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Technology Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Total Cost of Ownership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Facility Infrastructure—Physical Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Heat and Power Loads and HVAC Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Operating Costs—Space/Power/HVAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Changes in Workfl ow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Beginning-to-End Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Media Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
An Example of IP Architecture for Media Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Engineering in an IP world . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Quality Assurance and Quality Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
viii Contents
CHAPTER 2—Ingest/Acquisition/Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Acquire, Ingest, and Manage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Quality Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Manage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Standards and Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Ingest, Acquisition, and Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Ingest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Case Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Case Study 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Case Study 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Studio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
What is the “Studio in a Box”? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Automation and Metadata. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Craft Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Removable Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Streaming Contribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
CHAPTER 3—Workfl ow and Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Workfl ows and Business Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Integration between Broadcast and Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Business Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Business Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Operations Workfl ows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Automation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Traffi c Workfl ow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Roles and Responsibilities Redefi ned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
CHAPTER 4—Media Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Metadata Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
Storytelling and the Value of Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
Storage Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Case Study 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Case Study 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Retention, Preservation, and Migration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Roles and Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
CHAPTER 5—Technology Infrastructure and Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Changes in Engineering and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Contents ix
Planning for the Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Total Cost of Ownership . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
CHAPTER 6—Transmission and Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Cloud Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103
Cloud Services in Broadcast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
Case Study 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
Case Study 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
Cloud Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Public vs. Private Cloud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Private Build vs. Outsource . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
CHAPTER 7—Facility Planning and Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Operating Costs—Space/Power/HVAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
Master Control—Program Origination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121
CHAPTER 8—Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Defi nitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133
Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151