Table Of ContentPIC16F1847
Microcontroller-Based
Programmable Logic
Controller
PIC16F1847
Microcontroller-Based
Programmable Logic
Controller
Intermediate Concepts
Murat Uzam
First edition published 2021
by CRC Press
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To the memory of my beloved father, Mehmet Uzam (1937–2017)
to my mother, Zeynep Uzam
to my family
who love and support me
and
to my teachers and students
who enriched my knowledge
Contents
Prologue ................................................................................................................. xiii
Preface......................................................................................................................xv
About the Author ...................................................................................................xvii
Background and Use of the Book ...........................................................................xix
References .......................................................................................xxvi
Chapter 1 Arithmetical Macros ............................................................................1
Introduction ..........................................................................................1
1.1 Macro “R1addR2” ....................................................................2
1.2 Macro “R1addR2_16” ..............................................................3
1.3 Macro “RaddK” ........................................................................5
1.4 Macro “RaddK_16” ..................................................................6
1.5 Macro “R1subR2” ....................................................................7
1.6 Macro “R1subR2_16” ...............................................................8
1.7 Macro “RsubK” ....................................................................... 10
1.8 Macro “RsubK_16” ................................................................ 10
1.9 Macro “R1mulR2” .................................................................12
1.10 Macro “DivU16by8” ............................................................... 14
1.11 Macro “incR” ..........................................................................15
1.12 Macro “incR_16” .................................................................... 16
1.13 Macro “decR” ......................................................................... 17
1.14 Macro “decR_16” ................................................................... 19
1.15 Macro “Hbit_CNT” (High Bit Counter) ................................. 19
1.16 Macro “Lbit_CNT” (Low Bit Counter) ...................................30
1.17 Examples for Arithmetical Macros ......................................... 33
1.17.1 Example 1.1 ................................................................34
1.17.2 Example 1.2 ................................................................37
1.17.3 Example 1.3 ................................................................38
1.17.4 Example 1.4 ................................................................39
1.17.5 Example 1.5 ................................................................42
1.17.6 Example 1.6 ................................................................43
1.17.7 Example 1.7 ................................................................44
1.17.8 Example 1.8 ................................................................44
1.17.9 Example 1.9 ................................................................48
References .......................................................................................... 51
Chapter 2 Logical Macros ................................................................................... 53
Introduction ........................................................................................ 53
2.1 Macro “R1andR2” .................................................................. 53
2.2 Macro “RandK” ......................................................................56
vii
viii Contents
2.3 Macro “R1nandR2” ................................................................ 57
2.4 Macro “RnandK” ...................................................................58
2.5 Macro “R1orR2” .....................................................................60
2.6 Macro “RorK” ........................................................................63
2.7 Macro “R1norR2” ...................................................................64
2.8 Macro “RnorK” ......................................................................65
2.9 Macro “R1xorR2” ...................................................................66
2.10 Macro “RxorK” ......................................................................69
2.11 The Macro “R1xnorR2” ......................................................... 71
2.12 Macro “RxnorK” ....................................................................72
2.13 Macro “invR” .........................................................................73
2.14 An Example for Logical Macros .............................................76
Chapter 3 Shift and Rotate Macros .....................................................................85
Introduction ........................................................................................85
3.1 Macro “Ashift_R” (Arithmetic Shift Right Rin) .....................86
3.2 Macro “Ashift_R_16” (Arithmetic Shift Right Rin) ...............87
3.3 Macro “Lshift_R” (Logical Shift Right Rin) ..........................89
3.4 Macro “Lshift_R_16” (Logical Shift Right Rin) ....................90
3.5 Macro “Lshift_L” (Logical Shift Left Rin).............................93
3.6 Macro “Lshift_L_16” (Logical Shift Left Rin) ......................94
3.7 Macro “shift_R” (Shift Right Rin) ..........................................97
3.8 Macro “shift_R_16” (Shift Right Rin) ....................................99
3.9 Macro “shift_L” (Shift Left Rin) ........................................... 101
3.10 Macro “shift_L_16” (Shift Left Rin) .................................... 103
3.11 Macro “rotate_R” (Rotate Right Rin) ................................... 105
3.12 Macro “rotate_R_16” (Rotate Right Rin) ............................. 110
3.13 Macro “rotate_L” (Rotate Left Rin) ...................................... 113
3.14 Macro “rotate_L_16” (Rotate Left Rin) ................................ 116
3.15 Macro “Swap” ...................................................................... 119
3.16 Examples for Shift and Rotate Macros ................................. 122
3.16.1 Example 3.1 ..............................................................129
3.16.2 Example 3.2 ..............................................................139
3.16.3 Example 3.3 .............................................................. 148
3.16.4 Example 3.4 ..............................................................157
3.16.5 Example 3.5 .............................................................. 167
3.16.6 Example 3.6 .............................................................. 177
3.16.7 Example 3.7 .............................................................. 186
Chapter 4 Selection Macros .............................................................................. 197
Introduction ...................................................................................... 197
4.1 Macro “move_R” (Move) ...................................................... 198
4.2 Macro “load_R” (Load) ........................................................ 198
Contents ix
4.3 Macro “select” (Selection of One of Two 8-Bit Input
Variables) .............................................................................. 201
4.4 Macro “select_16” (Selection of One of Two 16-Bit
Input Variables) .................................................................... 201
4.5 Macro “max _5” (Maximum in Five 8-Bit Variables) .........203
4.6 Macro “max_10” (Maximum in Ten 8-Bit Variables) ...........208
4.7 Macro “max_N80” (Maximum in N 8-Bit Variables,
N = 2, 3, …, 80) .....................................................................209
4.8 Macro “max_N40_16” (Maximum in N 16-Bit Variables,
N = 2, 3, …, 40) ..................................................................... 210
4.9 Macro “max_N255” (Maximum in N 8-Bit Variables,
N = 2, 3, …, 255) ................................................................... 213
4.10 Macro “max_N255_16” (Maximum in N 16-Bit
Variables, N = 2, 3, …, 255) .................................................. 214
4.11 Macro “min _5” (Minimum in Five 8-Bit Variables) ............ 216
4.12 Macro min_10” (Minimum in Ten 8-Bit Variables) .............. 218
4.13 Macro “min_N80” (Minimum in N 8-Bit Variables,
N = 2, 3, …, 80) ..................................................................... 218
4.14 Macro “min_N40_16” (Minimum in N 16-Bit Variables,
N = 2, 3, …, 40) .....................................................................221
4.15 Macro “min_N255” (Minimum in N 8-Bit Variables,
N = 2, 3, …, 255) ...................................................................223
4.16 Macro “min_N255_16” (Minimum in N 16-Bit
Variables, N = 2, 3, …, 255) ..................................................225
4.17 Macro “limiter” .....................................................................227
4.18 Macro “limiter_16” ................................................................228
4.19 Multiplexer Macros................................................................229
4.20 Macro “mux_2_1” .................................................................230
4.21 Macro “mux_2_1_E” ............................................................230
4.22 Macro “mux_4_1” .................................................................231
4.23 Macro “mux_4_1_E” ........................................................... 231
4.24 Macro “mux_8_1” .................................................................233
4.25 Macro “mux_8_1_E” ............................................................ 233
4.26 Macro “mux_16_1” ...............................................................234
4.27 Macro “mux_16_1_E” ........................................................... 235
4.28 Macro “B_mux_2_1_E” .......................................................236
4.29 Macro “B_mux_4_1_E” ....................................................... 237
4.30 Macro “B_mux_8_1_E” .......................................................238
4.31 Examples for Selection Macros .............................................241
4.31.1 Example 4.1 ..............................................................243
4.31.2 Example 4.2 ..............................................................247
4.31.3 Example 4.3 ..............................................................248
4.31.4 Example 4.4 ..............................................................249
4.31.5 Example 4.5 .............................................................. 252
4.31.6 Example 4.6 .............................................................. 261
4.31.7 Example 4.7 ..............................................................263
