Physical Processes in Fragmentation and Star Formation: Proceedings of the Workshop on ‘Physical Processes in Fragmentation and Star Formation’, Held in Monteporzio Catone (Rome), Italy, June 5–11, 1989

461 Pages·1990·15.237 MB·English

by  Eric Herbst (auth.), Roberto Capuzzo-Dolcetta, Cesare Chiosi, Alberto di Fazio (eds.)

PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN FRAGMENTATION AND STAR FORMATION
ASTROPHYSICS AND
SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY
A SERIES OF BOOKS ON THE RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
OF SPACE SCIENCE AND OF GENERAL GEOPHYSICS AND ASTROPHYSICS
PUBLISHED IN CONNECTION WITH THE JOURNAL
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
Editorial Board
R. L. F. BOYD, University College, London, England
W. B. BURTON, Sterrewacht, Leiden, The Netherlands
C. DE JAGER, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
J. KLECZEK, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Ondfejov, Czechoslavakia
Z. KOPAL, University of Manchester, England
R. LUST, European Space Agency, Paris, France
L.1. SEDOV, Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R., Moscow, U.S.S.R.
Z. SvESTKA, Laboratory for Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
VOLUME 162
PROCEEDINGS
PHYSICAL PROCESSES
IN FRAGMENTATION
AND STAR FORMATION
PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON
'PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN FRAGMENTA nON AND STAR FORMA nON',
HELD IN MONTEPORZIO CATONE (ROME), ITALY, JUNE 5-11,1989
Edited by
ROBERTO CAPUZZO-DOLCETTA
Institute ofA stronomy, University of Rome I, Italy
CESARE CHIOSI
Department ofA stronomy, University of Padova, Italy
and
ALBERTO DI FAZIO
Observatory of Rome, Italy
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Workshop on PhYS1cal Processes 1n Fragmentat10n and Star Format1on
( 1989 Ro me. It a 1y )
Phys1cal processes 1n fragmentat10n and star format10n
proceed1ngs of the Workshop in Phys1cal Processes in Fragmentat10n
and Star Format1on. held 1n Monteporzio Catone (Rome). Italy. June
5-11. 1989 ed1ted by Roberto Capuzzo-Oolcetta. Cesare Ch1osi.
Alberto 01 Fazio.
p. cm. -- (Astrophys 1c s and space sc 1e nce 11 brary : 162)
ISBN 0-7923-0769-0 (alk. paper)
1. Stars--Format10n--Congresses. 2. AstrophYS1cs--Congresses.
T. Caouzzo-Oolcetta. Roberto. II. Ch10S1. C. (Cesare) III. 01
Faz10. Alberto. IV. T1tle. V. Tltle, Fragmentatlon and star
format10n. VI. Ser1es.
QB806.W65 1989
523.8--dc20 90-4436
CIP
ISBN-13: 978-94-010-6760-7 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-0605-1
DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-0605-1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface ix
Organizing Committees Xl
List of Participants xiii
Group Picture and Identification List xviii
1. ATOMIC, MOLECULAR PROCESSES, TURBULENCE, AND
MAGNETIC FIELD IN FRAGMENTATION.
E.HERBST - Chemistry and star formation. 3
J. P. CHIEZE , G. PINEAU DE FORETS - Molecular cloud chemistry with mix-
ing. 17
M. KIGUCHI - Collapse and fragmentation of molecular clouds. 29
Yu. 1. IZOTOV - On the role of molecular hydrogen in the formation and evolution
of blue compact dwarf galaxies and giant HII regions. 35
R. CAPUZZO-DOLCETTA, A. DI FAZIO, F. PALLA - NLTE H2 cooling function
and protogalactic evolution. 49
P.R. SHAPIRO, H. KANG - Radiative shocks and nonequilibrium chemistry in
the early universe: Galaxy and primordial star formation. 55
M.L. GIROUX, P.R. SHAPIRO - The intergalactic medium: initial and boundary
conditions for Galaxy and primeval star formation. 71
1. G. KOLESNIK, Y. Yu. OHUL'CHANSKY - Supersonic turbulent fragmenta-
tion of giant molecular clouds. 81
P. BATTINELLI, R. CAPUZZO-DOLCETTA, A. DI FAZIO, V. A. URPIN,
S.V. VERESHCHAGIN - Turbulence in the frame of the evolution of a self-
gravitating protocloud. 87
A.DI FAZIO, A. SOLOVIEV, V.A. URPIN, S.V. VERESHCHAGIN - Fragmen-
tation and supersonic turbulence in self-gravitating gas clouds. 103
T. Ch. MOUSCHOVIAS - Fragmentation and collapse in magnetic molecular
clouds: natural length scales and protostellar masses. 117
vi
2. STAR FORMATION IN DIFFERENT ASTROPHYSICAL
ENVIRONMENTS.
J. SCALO - Perception of interstellar structure: facing complexity. 151
A. LIOURE, J.P. CHIEZE - Interstellar gas cycling powered by star formation.
179
I.G. KOLESNIK - Star complex formation in differentially rotating superclouds.
187
E.A. LADA - Global star formation in the L1630 molecular cloud. 193
H. ZINNECKER - Observations of fragmentation. 201
E. KRUGEL - Extrasolar planetary material. 211
C.J. CLARKE - Star formation and dissipation in galactic discs. 217
E. KRUGEL - Star formation in star burst galaxies. 223
Yu. I. IZOTOV, V.A.LIPOVETSKII, N.G. GUSEVA, A. Yu. KNIAZEV, J.A.
STEPANIAN - The new brilliant blue compact dwarf galaxy: a test on the
early stages of galaxy evolution. 235
H.W. YORKE, R. KUNZE - Star formation in elliptical galaxies. 241
B. ROCCA-VOLMERANGE - Star formation in distant galaxies. 257
L. ANGELETTI, P. GIANNONE - The early evolution of spheroidal star
systems. 267
3. HYDRODYNAMICAL AND DYNAMICAL MODELS.
A.P. BOSS - Fragmentation of isotherma,l and non-isothermal protostellar clouds.
279
W.M. TSCHARNUTER - Protostellar core instabilities. 293
R. CAPUZZO-DOLCETTA, A. DI FAZIO, A.B. MEN'SHCHIKOV - A multifluid
hydro dynamical radiative model for the evolution of a spherical protogalaxy.
303
A. PARRAVANO - Thermal instabilities in the warm interstellar gas as a regulat-
ing mechanism of star formation. 319
A.B. MEN'SHCHIKOV - Evolution of the first protostellar core. 325
vii
R. BEDOGNI, P.R. WOODWARD - Numerical hydrodynamics of cloud implosion.
333
4. THE INITIAL MASS FUNCTION.
R. CAY REL - A review on IMF theories. 343
F. FERRINI, F. PALLA, U. PENCO - Fragmentation theories and the IMF.
357
F. D'ANTONA - The initial mass function of very low mass stars and the signifi-
cance of brown dwarfs. 367
N.C. RANA - Multimodality of star formation. 381
5. STAR CLUSTERS: FRAGMENTATION AND STAR
FORMATION.
R.B. LARSON - Formation of star clusters. 389
M. MATEO - The initial mass functions of magellanic cloud star clusters. 401
R.A.W. ELSON - Are there large variations among IMFs of LMC clusters? 415
C. CHIOSI - Star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud. 421
P. BATTINELLI, R. CAPUZZO-DOLCETTA - Formation and disruption of open
clusters. 441
6. DISCUSSION ON THE LOW MASS END OF THE IMF AND
CONCLUDING REMARKS.
DISCUSSION ON THE LOW MASS END OF THE IMF. 453
E. KRUGEL - Radio-observation perspectives and star formation. 459
R. B. LARSON - Concluding remarks. 461
KEY WORD INDEX 465
PREFACE
In the recent years, we have witnessed the expansion and multiplication of
the observations regarding star formation and fragmentation, and the consequent
growth of the problematics concerning the underlying physical processes, the chem
istry, the sites, the times, etc.. At the same time, we had a correspondingly in
creasing demand of meetings dedicated to these subjects. It became particularly
stimulating to have specific meetings on the underlying physical processes (both
in the microphysics and not) and on the observations directly aimed at which of
the physical mechanisms are relevant, and how do they interact and concur to
give the observed data. Moreover, the studies of the latest 10 years have shown
that formation of stars is likely to share many features (and many physical driving
mechanisms, maybe even the main instabilities causing its onset) with the for
mation of other self-gravitating objects (dust and molecular clouds, star systems,
etc.). Therefore, it appeared to be very useful and interesting to discuss the for
mation of the mentioned objects not separately, but in a more comparative way.
Being aware of the presence of the latter concept in the recent literature, it has
been fairly natural to include in a meeting on the above subjects the more general
key-word "fragmentation".
For all the above reasons, we decided to organize an interactive workshop with
the title Physical Processes in Fragmentation and Star Formation. This initiative
was taken while attending the IAU symposium 115 "Star Forming Regions". The
idea to have such a workshop met the enthusiastic support of many specialists,
and led to the formation of the Scientific Organizing Committee. The latter was
composed of R. Capuzzo- Dolcetta, C. Chiosi, A. Di Fazio, F. Ferrini, R. B. Lar
son, F. Palla, J. M. Scalo, D. A. Varshalovich, S. V. Vereshchagin. The decision
taken by the SOC was that of organizing a specialistic workshop limited to a max
imum number of 45 participants. The chosen site for the workshop has been the
Monteporzio Catone branch of the Astronomical Observatory of Rome. A rele
vant part of the world specialists joined in, and the workshop experienced a lively,
highly interactive participation, thanks to the high number of new contributions
presented and to the open discussions organized.
We would like to express our gratitude to all the colleagues, for their great
help. We enjoyed the presence of a large group of Soviet colleagues, which guaran
teed a large representativity of the scientific community, and for this we thank the
Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Italian National Council of Researches
(CNR).
On behalf of the Scientific Organizing Committee we thank very warmly all
the participants for their contributed papers and for their lively collaboration. We
also would like to thank the sponsors, namely the CNR, the University of Rome
"La Sapienza", the Astronomical Observatory of Rome, and the Astrophysical Ob
servatory of Arcetri (Florence) for their financial support. Finally, special thanks
are due to the director, Prof. A. Cavaliere, to dr. P. Battinelli and to the staff of
the Astronomical Observatory of Rome for their unvaluable help.
The Editors,
R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta, C. Chiosi, A. Di Fazio
ix
Scientific Organizing Committee
R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta, University of Roma I, Italy
C. Chiosi, University of Padova, Italy (chairman)
A. Di Fazio, Observatory of Roma, Italy
F. Ferrini, University of Pisa, Italy
R.B. Larson, Yale University, New Haven, U.S.A.
F. Palla, Arcetri Observatory, Firenze, Italy
J.M. Scalo, University of Texas, Austin, U.S.A.
D.A. Varshalovich, Ioffe Institute, Leningrad, U.S.S.R.
S.V. Vereshchagin, Astron. Counc. Acad. of Sciences, Moscow, U.S.S.R.
Local Organizing Committee
P. Battinelli, Observatory of Roma, Italy
R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta, University of Roma I, Italy
A. Di Fazio, Observatory of Roma, Italy
with the help of A. Lattanzi, A. Restante, F. Rosati (Observatory of Roma, Italy).
xi
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
P. Battinelli
Osservatorio Astronomico
via del Parco Mellini 84
1-00136 Roma, ITALY
R. Bedogni
Dip. di Astronomia
via Zamboni 33
1-40126 Bologna, ITALY
A. Boss
Dept. of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Inst. of Washington
5241 Broad Branch RD. N.W.
Washington D.C. 20015, USA
R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta
Institute of Astronomy, University of Roma I
via G.M. Lancisi 29
1-00161 Roma, ITALY
R. Cayrel
Observatoire de Paris
61 Avenue de l'Observatoire
F-75014 Paris, FRANCE
T. Celandroni
Istituto di Astronomia
University of Pisa
Piazza Torricelli 2
1-56100 Pisa, ITALY
J. P. Chieze
Centre d'Etudes de Bruyeres Ie Chatel
Service P.T.N., B. P. 12,
F -91680 Bruyeres Ie Chatel, FRANCE
C. Chiosi
Dipartimento di Astronomia
Vicolo Osservatorio 5
1-35122 Padova, ITALY
C. Clarke
Institute of Astronomy
Madingley road
Cambridge CB3 OHA, England U.K.
xiii