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293 Pages·2014·8.16 MB·English

by  Office Student

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Edited by
I!vonne Herrera, Jan Maarten Schraagen, Johan van der Vorm and David Woods
Resilience Engineering Association: http://www.resilience-engineering-association.org
Download from The Knowledge Bank at The Ohio State University, kb.osu.edu
PROCEEDINGS 5TH REA SYMPOSIUM MANAGING TRADE OFFS
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PROCEEDINGS
5TH SYMPOSIUM ON RESILIENCE ENGINEERING
MANAGING TRADE-OFFS
24th- 27th June 2013 at Soesterberg, The Netherlands
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PROCEEDINGS 5TH REA SYMPOSIUM MANAGING TRADE OFFS
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Colophon
Published by Resilience Engineering Association
Editors Ivonne Herrera, Jan Maarten Schraagen, Johan van der Vorm and David Woods
Publisher Resilience Engineering Association, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France. http://
www.resilience-engineering-association.org/
Full title Proceedings 5th Symposium on Resilience Engineering, Managing trade-offs; 24th-27th
June 2013 at Soesterberg, Netherlands
Editing date February 2014
!Available at Download from The Knowledge Bank at The Ohio State Unverisity, kb.osu.edu
Programming and Organizing committees
The Resilience Engineering Association acknowledges the following people for their contributions:
• The Programming committee: Ivonne Herrera, Erik Hollnagel, Margareta Lützhöft, Jean
Paries, John Stoop, Johan van der Vorm; David Woods (chair) and Jan Maarten Schraagen
(vice chair).
• The Organizing committee: Dolf van der Beek, Arthur Dijkstra, John Wreathall, Arthur
! Dijkstra and Jan Maarten Schraagen; Johan van der Vorm (chair).
Copyright
Copyright resides with the authors of the papers in this proceedings. Authors have granted
permission to Resilience Engineering Association for publishing the paper in this proceedings.
The content may be downloaded and shared with others. If downloaded or shared, note the authors
and publisher and the download should be linked back to the Resilience Engineering Association. It
i!s not allowed to change any part of the publication or use the download and copies commercially.
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PROCEEDINGS 5TH REA SYMPOSIUM MANAGING TRADE OFFS
Preface
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Resilience Engineering is a field that has emerged to help organizations manage the
complexity in our increasingly interconnected world. The new forms of complexity challenge
individuals, groups, and organizations as they seek to achieve both ultra-high performance
and ultra-high safety across the energy, transportation, and health care sectors. The
Resilience Engineering Association (REA) integrates multiple lines of inquiry about building
resilience through its Symposium series (for information on all five symposia please visit:
h!ttp://www.resilience-engineering-association.org/).
The 5th Symposium continued this tradition and was organized by TNO around the theme of
‘Resilience Engineering: Managing Trade-offs,’ and brought together 140 researchers and
practitioners from diverse disciplines, multiple industry sectors and about 20 countries. The
program addressed the challenges organizations face currently, why resilience is needed to
address those challenges, and how Resilience Engineering can be put into practice. Examples
include the reverberations of extreme weather events, preparing for the unexpected, brittle
automation, proactive safety management, and business continuity, among others. The
symposium program highlighted the latest developments in Resilience Engineering: the
techniques, concepts, models, and measures that help organizations manage the trade-offs
created by new technological capabilities, new performance pressures, and new forms of
complexity. Importantly, the program was set up to facilitate discussions on how to put the
t!echniques of Resilience Engineering into action.
I enjoyed the energy generated in the 5th Symposium. One source of energy was the Young
Talent Program designed to assist “young” researchers advance their thesis projects through
discussions with a panel of leading professors and experienced practitioners. Another source
of energy was the dialog with industry participants that helped synchronize research projects
w!ith industry trends and priorities.
This volume contains the Proceedings of the 5th Symposium which provides the written
version of the papers presented during the meeting. The presentations were organized into
sets to stimulate discussion across related projects and themes. This volume contains the
full written papers that amplify on what was presented during the Symposium. The
proceedings continues the work of the Resilience Engineering Association to support the
d!evelopment and exchange of ideas to put Resilience Engineering into practice.
The complexities of today’s world create trade-offs for organizations. Resilience Engineering
points the way to help navigate the trade-offs and overcome the risk of brittleness that can
lead organizations over tipping points to unexpected failures. The collaborations during the
Symposium, and the new results captured in this proceedings, help generate progress on
how to outmaneuver complexity. I would like to personally thank all of the organizers and all
of the participants in the 5th Symposium for their contributions of energy and imagination
t!o further the ability to build resilience across the members of the REA family.
David Woods, Chairman of Symposium Programming Committee
F!ebruary, 2014
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Contents
Translating Resilience: A Framework to Enhance Communication and Implementation …………………………..…. 1-10
Patricia H. Longstaff, Syracuse University, Thomas G. Kowslowski, University of Frieburg, and Will
Geoghegan, Syracuse University

Characteristics of Complex Socio-Technical Systems and Guidelines for their Management: The Role of
Resilience …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11-16
Tarcisio Abreu Saurin, Angela Weber Righi, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, and Éder
Henriqson, Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul

The Stress-Strain Model of Resilience Operationalizes the Four Cornerstones of Resilience Engineering…….. 17-22
David D. Woods, The Ohio State University, Yong Jie Chan, Defense Science & Technology
Agency, and John Wreathall, The WreathWood Group

Turning Variability into Emergent Safety: the Resilience Matrix for Providing Strong Responses to Weak
Signals……………………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………… 23-28
Fabrizio Bracco, Tommaso Francesco Piccinno, University of Genova, and Giorgio Dorigatti,
Ormes Consulting srl

Regulating Interactions across Multiple Centres of Control: An Airline Operations Control  Perspective……… 29-36
Kenneth E. Igbo, Peter G. Higgins, Swinburne University of Technology, Simon Dunstall, CSIRO
Mathematics Informatics & Statistics, and Peter J. Bruce, Swinburne University of Technology

Episodic Adaptations and Trade-offs: Examples From the Victorian Construction Industry……………………….… 37-42
Manikam Pillay and David Borys, University of Ballarat

To Rule, or not to Rule is not the question (for organizing change towards resilience in an integrated
world)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 43-48
Tor Olav Grøtan, SINTEF and Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)

Structure,  Agency,  and  Resilience……………………………………………………………….…………………………………………….. . 49-54
Garth S. Hunte, University of British Columbia, Robert L. Wears, University of Florida and Imperial
College London, and Christiane C Schubert, Vanderbilt University

Levels  of  Resilience:    Moving  from  Resilience  to  Resilience  Engineering…………………………………………………..…. 55-60
Robert L. Wears, University of Florida and Imperial College London, and J.Bradley Morrison, Brandeis
University

Under Dangerous Conditions- SAFETY Construction and Safety-Related Work On Board of Merchant
Vessels………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………..…………………. 61-66
Gesa Praetorius and Monica Lundh, Chalmers University of Technology

Assessing  Behaviour  towards  Organizational  Resilience  in  Aviation………………………………………………………….     67-74
Michaela Heese, Austro Control GmbH, Wolfgang Kallus, and Christa Kolodej, University of Graz

Are trade-offs  experienced  and  if  yes,  how?  Studying  organizational  resilience  through  operators’  
dilemmas......................................................................................................................................................... 75-80
Dimitris Nathanael, Vassilis Tsagkas and Nicolas Marmaras, National Technical University of
Athens

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Resilience engineering in healthcare: Moving from epistemology to theory and Practice…………………..……….   81-86
Janet  Anderson,  King’s  College London,  A.  Ross,  and  P.  Jaye,  St.  Thomas’s  Hospital

Resilience Approach for Medical Residents...................................................................................................... 87-92
Robert Bezemer and Ellen Bos, TNO

Precepts of Resilience Engineering as Guidelines for Learning Lessons from the Fukushima-Daiichi
Accident……………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………….……… 93-96
Masaharu Kitamura, Research Institute for Technology Management Strategy and Tohoku
University

Inter-organisational safety culture challenges in nuclear power design…...................................................... 97-102
Luigi Macchi, E. Pietikäinen, P. Savioja, M. Liinasuo, M. Wahlström, and T. Reiman,
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland

The Resilience Analysis Matrix (RAM): Visualizing functional dependencies in complex socio-technical
systems…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….103-108
Jonas Lundberg and Rogier Woltjer, Linköping University

A Method for Visualizing Trade-offs in En-route  Air  Traffic  Control  Tasks………………………………………………… 109-114
Daisuke Karikawa, Hisae Aoyama, Electronic Navigation Research Institute, Makoto Takahashi,
Tohoku University, Kazuo Furuta, The University of Tokyo, Akira Ishibashi, Safety Management
Laboratory, and Masaharu Kitamura, Research Institute for Technology Management Strategy

Considering Trade-offs  when  Assessing  Resilience………………………………………………………………………….……….. 115-120
Eric Rigaud and ChristopheMartin, MINES ParisTech CRC

Performance variability: Black and white or shades of grey?....................................................................... 121-126
Miranda Cornelissen, Monash University, Paul M. Salmon, University of the Sunshine Coast,
Roderick McClure, Monash University, and Neville A. Stanton, University of Southampton

How the Simplification of Work  Can  Degrade  Safety:  A  Gas  Company  Case  Study………….………………………..  127-130
Hortense Blazsin, Franck Guarnieri, and Christophe Martin, MINES ParisTech

Analysis  of  the  human  role  in  the  resilience  of  air  traffic  management…………………………………………….……… 131-136
Sybert H. Stroeve, Bas A. van Doorn, and Mariken H.C. Everdij, National Aerospace Laboratory
NLR

The relevance of resources for resilience at different organizational levels within the military
deployment cycle..……………………………………………………………………..…………...……………………………………………….  137-142
Wim Kamphuis and Roos Delahaij, TNO

Sociotechnical Systems Issues in Worker Safety: Implications for Managing System Tradeoffs.................. 143-148
Lawrence J. Hettinger, Marvin J. Dainoff, Michelle M. Robertson and Yueng-Hsiang Huang,
Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety

Identifying Imbalances in a Portfolio of Safety Metrics: The Q4-Balance Framework for Economy-
Safety Tradeoffs….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………......149-154
David D. Woods, The Ohio State University, Ivonne Herrera, SINTEF, Matthieu Branlat, 361 Interactive
LLC, and Rogier Woltjer, Swedish Defence Research Agency

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Planning Measuring Resilience Potential and Early Warnings (SCALES)....................................................... 155-160
Ivonne A. Herrera, A. Vennesland, SINTEF, A. Pasquini and S. Silvagni, Deep Blue SrL

Understanding  Resilience  in  Flight  Operations:  “Find  the  story  behind  flight  safety  reports  and  learn  
from successes.”........................................................................................................................................... 161-166
Arthur Dijkstra, ADMC

Sending up a FLARE: Enhancing resilience in industrial maintenance through the timely mobilization of
remote experts………………………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………..………167-172
Elizabeth Lay, Calpine Corporation, and Matthieu Branlat, 361 Interactive LLC

Training of Resilience Skills for Safer Railways: Developing a New Training Program on the Basis of
Lessons from Tsunami Disaster………………………………………………………………………………..…………………….……… 173-178
Shigeru Haga, Rikkyo University, Osamu Onodera, Tomoko Yamakawa,Akio Oishi, Yuichi
Takeda, Ken Kusukami, East Japan Railway Company, and Toshiko Kikkawa, Keio University

Reducing the Potential for Cascade: Recognizing and Mitigating Situations that Threaten Business
Viability……………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………………………………….…… 179-184
Katherine E. Walker, David S. Deary, and David D. Woods, The Ohio State University

Balancing efficiency and safety in maritime traffic  management  when  approaching  a  port……………..……..185-190
Fulko van Westrenen, Umantec

Developing  Resilience  Signals  for  the  Dutch  Railway  System……………………………………………………..………..….. 191-196
Willy Siegel, University of Twente, and Jan Maarten Schraagen, TNO/ University of Twente

Trade-offs in the planning of rail engineering work......................................................................................197-202
Pedro Ferreira, CIGEST, ISG-Business School, John Wilson, Brendan Ryan, Sarah Sharples,
University of Nottingham, and Theresa Clark, High Speed 2

Resilience in ATM operations: Incorporating Robustness and Resilience in Safety Assessment ………..….. 203-208
Rogier Woltjer, Jonas Haraldsson, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Ella Pinska-Chauvin,
EUROCONTROL, Tom Laursen, IFATCA & NAVIAIR, and Billy Josefsson, NORACON/LFV

“Staying  ahead  of  the  aircraft”  and  Managing  Surprise  in  Modern Airliners............................................... 209-214
Amy Rankin, Rogier Woltjer, Linköping University, Joris Field, National Aerospace Laboratory
NLR, and David Woods, The Ohio State University

UAS in (Inter)national Airspace: Resilience as a Lever in the Debate Proceedings of the Fifth Resilience
Engineering Symposium……………………………………………………………………………………………….………………….……… 215-220
Gwendolyn C.H. Bakx, Netherlands Defence Academy, and James M. Nyce, Ball State
University

Trade-Offs as Symptoms of Mismatches Between Sociotechnical Systems: A Case Study involving
Commercial Aviation  and  Air  Traffic  Control…………………………………………………………………………………………....221-226
David Moriarty, Zeroharm Solutions Ltd, and Steve Jarvis, Jarvis Bagshaw Ltd and Cranfield
University

To  certify,  to  investigate  or  to  engineer,  that  is  the  question………………………………………………………….……….. 227-234
John Stoop, Kindunos

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Cognitive Demands of Staying in Control on Highly Automated Aircraft When Faced with Surprise..…….... 235-240
Shawn Pruchnicki and David Woods, The Ohio State University

Applying Robustness Analysis of Dynamic Models to the Problem of Systems Resilience............................ 241-246
Hei Chan, and Katsumi Inoue, Transdiciplinary Research Integration Center

Assessing  Rio  de  Janeiro  Municipality’s  Natural Disaster Prevention Program against  the  UN’s  Hyogo  
Protocol......................................................................................................................................................... 247-252
Armando M. de Souza, Paulo Victor R. Carvalho, Gilbert J. Huber, and José Orlando Gomes,
Federal University of Rio de Janeiro

Organisational Factors for Enhancing Train Drivers’  Proactive  Behaviours  to  Maintain the Normal
Operation of Railway Services ......................................................................................................................253-258
Hidenori Fujino, Tomoko Horishita, Tomoyuki Sonda, and Hiroyuki Yamaguchi, Safety Research
Institute West Japan Railway Company, and Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu
University

A  Fuzzy  Model  to  Assess  Resilience  for  Safety  Management……………………………………………………………...…….259-264
Cláudio H. S. Grecco, Cidade Universitária, Mario C. R. Vidal, and Carlos A. N. Cosenza,
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Isaac J. A. L. dos Santos and Paulo V. R. Carvalho,
Cidade Universitária

Customer Satisfaction Plays an Important Role: A Model to Improve Resiliency of ICT Service
Maintainers...................................................................................................................................................265-270
Chihiro Takayama, Momoko Nakatani, and Takehiko Ohno, NTT Service Laboratories, and
Akinori Komatsubara, Waseda University

Actions  Contributed  to  Disaster  Level  Reduction  of  the  Fukushima  Accident………………………………….…..…... 271-274
Makoto Takahashi, Tohoku University, and Masaharu Kitamura, Research Institute for
Technology Management Strategy

The Management and Evaluation of Change................................................................................................275-279
Nick McDonald, Trinity College Dublin. Ireland

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