Nuclear Safeguards, Security and Nonproliferation: Achieving Security with Technology and Policy

615 Pages·2008·5.33 MB·English

by  James Doyle

Nuclear Safeguards,
Security, and
Nonproliferation
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Nuclear Safeguards,

Security, and
Nonproliferation
Achieving Security with
Technology and Policy
Editor
James E. Doyle
AMSTERDAM• BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON •
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SYDNEY• TOKYO
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accuracy, and completeness of the information. It is not the intent of the editors,
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Dedication
For individuals everywhere working to secure the peaceful uses of nuclear energy and prevent
its use for military purposes.
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Contents
Foreword by Sidney D. Drell xi
Preface by Michael R. Anastasio xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Contributors xvii
1. Introduction: Nuclear Security in the Twenty-First Century 1
James E. Doyle
Part I Technologies and Processes for the Protection,
Control, and Accounting of Nuclear Material 15
2. Nuclear Safeguards and the Security of Nuclear Materials 17
James Tape and Joseph Pilat
3A. Nuclear Material Measurement Technologies 31
Douglas Reilly and Norbert Ensslin
3B. Irradiated Fuel Measurements 63
Mark E. Abhold
3C. Measurement of Nuclear Material Process Holdup 77
Douglas Reilly
4. Physical Protection 87
Mary Lynn Garcia
5. International Safeguards Inspection: An Inside Look
at the Process 97
Brian Boyer and Mark Schanfein
6. International Atomic Energy Agency Unattended
Monitoring Systems 113
Mark Schanfein
7. Evaluating International Safeguards Systems 135
Kory Budlong Sylvester, Joseph Pilat, and Tom Burr
vii
viii CONTENTS
8. Statistical Methods in Nuclear Nonproliferation
Activities at Declared Facilities 151
Tom Burr
9. Case Study: Safeguards Implementation at the
Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant 165
S. E. Pickett
10. Case Study: Nonproliferation Activities at the
BN-350 Reactor, Kazakhstan 179
Mike C. Browne
Part II Detecting Nuclear Proliferation and Verifying
the Elimination of Nuclear Weapons Programs 195
11. Using Open Sources for Proliferation Analysis 197
Richard Wallace and Arvid Lundy
12. Commercial Satellite Imagery: Another Tool in the
Nonproliferation Verification and Monitoring Toolkit 221
Frank Pabian
13. Nuclear Test Monitoring 251
Loren Byers
14. Evaluating Nonproliferation Bona Fides 263
Amy Seward, Carrie Mathews, and Carol Kessler
15. Dismantling Nuclear Weapons Activities: Politics
and Technology 283
James E. Doyle
16. South Africa 289
Sara Kutchesfahani and Marcie Lombardi
17. Argentina and Brazil 307
James E. Doyle
18. Libya 331
Wyn Bowen
19. Elimination of Excess Fissile Material 353
Elena Sokova and Charles Streeper
20. Case Study: Dismantlement and Radioactive
Waste Management of DPRK Plutonium Facilities 377
George Baldwin and Jooho Whang
Contents ix
Part III Preventing Nuclear Terrorism and Illicit Nuclear Trade 401
21. Why We Need a Comprehensive Safeguards System to
Keep Fissile Materials Out of the Hands of Terrorists 403
Siegfried S. Hecker
22. Illicit Trafficking of Nuclear and Radiological Materials 415
Galya I. Balatsky, Stacey Lee Eaton, and William R. Severe
23. Nuclear Terrorism and Improvised Nuclear Devices 433
Charles D. Ferguson and William C. Potter
24. Radiological Dispersal Devices 453
Greg Van Tuyle and James E. Doyle
25. Responding to Radiological Threats 473
Leroy E. Leonard
26. Field Detection of Nuclear Materials 489
Mark Abhold and Christopher Lovejoy
27. A Model for Attribution of Terrorist Nuclear Attacks 515
William S. Charlton
28. Nonproliferation Export Controls 531
Carlton E. Thorne
29. The Growing Role of Customs Organizations in
International Strategic Trade Controls 549
Dr. Todd E. Perry
30. Case Study: The Khan Network 561
Sara Kutchesfahani
Index 575