NOTES ON CAREX, CYPERUS, AND KYLLINGA (CYPERACEAE) IN MISSISSIPPI WITH RECORDS OF EIGHT SPECIES PREVIOUSLY UNREPORTED TO THE STATE

12 Pages·1994·7.9 MB·English

by  Charles T Bryson

ON
AND
NOTES
CAREX, CYPERUS, KYLLINGA
WITH
(CYPERACEAE)
IN
MISSISSIPPI
RECORDS
OF EIGHT
PREVIOUSLY
SPECIES
UNREPORTED TO THE
STATE
CHARLES BRYSON
T.
ARS
USDA,
So/ahem Weed
Laboratory
Science
MS
Stonevtlh, 58776, U.S.A.
RICHARD CARTER
Herbarium, Department
Biology
of
Valdosta State University
G
A
51698, U.S.A.
Valdosta,
rex htckmllii
grostts, C.
lo.
ha
vifolmdes,
in the southeastern United States. Addition
f,
egatus, C. dtfformts, C. flavtcomus, C. lancastre
and
Locality habitat data are presented for a
.
Dosdeestos,C.
entrerianus. C. eragrostts, C. iouisianensisy Kyllingabrevifolioides. entrerianus
.
K. hrevifoioides. tienen potencial para llegar a ser una amenaza como malas hierbas para la agri-
jltura y los cespedes, respectivamente, en el sudeste de los Estados unidos. Se presentan am-
pilos//s en Mississippi. Se presentan dates de localidad y habitat de todas las especies citadas.
,
While
continuing to prepare a synoptical treatment oiCarex, Cyperus, and
we
Kyllinga as a contribution to the Flora of Mississippi Project, have
examined
herbaria specimens and conducted field surveys for species with
We
potential to occur within Mississippi. have also continued assessment of
population size, distribution, and habitat requirements of recently reported
species, especially those which have potential to become weedy. This article
adds to the knowledge of Carex, Cyperus, and Kyllinga which has been
&
reported in recent years (Bryson 1984a; Bryson Jones 1990; Bryson
et
al.
&
Morris
1991; Bryson Carter 1992; Bryson et al. 1992; Carter et al. 1987;
& &
we
As
Bryson 986; Naczi Bryson 1990). previously discussed, tlie flora
1
known
comparison with adjacent
of Mississippi poorly in several
is still
must
although outdated, continue
Lowe's Plants Mississippi {1921),
states. of
work Other
to serve as a base line for the general floristic in the state.
we Mackenzie
references that used as sources of distributional data are
Kukenthal(1935-1936),McGivney(1938),Corcoran
(1931-1935), (1941),
&
Wooten
and Godfrey
Horvat (1941), Radford et (1964), (1979).
al.
The terminology of physiographic regions or resource areas in Mississippi
Herbarium
Lowe 92 adapted by Morris abbreviations
follows as (1989).
( 1 1 )
USMH
MMNS,
Holmgren and
except (personal
follow et (1990), ctb,
al.
Museum
herbarium of Charles Bryson, Mississippi of Natural Science,
T.
Jackson, and University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, respectively).
NEW
RECORDS
STATE
Carex opaca Herm. was described from three
bicknellii Britton
var.
F.J.
Demaree from Lonoke and
collections by Dr. Delzie river terraces in Prairie
(Hermann puzzling
counties, Arkansas 1972). In his discussion of this
Hermann
emphasized
nearly
variety of C. bicknellii, (1972) its large,
and translucent perigynia and indicated they were
nerveless, partially
Mack,
and
similar to perigynia of C. brittoniana Bailey C. merritt-fernaldii as
much
well as C. bicknellii. However, the perigynia of C. bicknelliivz.\i. opaca are
mm mm
(5.5-7 long, 4-4.75 wide) compared to those of C. merritt-
larger
mm
5-3 from
fernaldii (4-5 long, 2 5 wide). Carex bicknellii var. opaca differs
. .
the Oklahoma-Texas C. brittoniana in usually having 5-7(9) (rarely only 4)
per culm; perigynia (2)4-7 nerved (sometimes faintly) over the
spikes
achene ventrally; and staminate and pistillate scales obtuse to long-acumi-
awn
nate, but with the midrib not excurrent as a scabrous (rarely a short
mucro Carex has culms with normally (2)3-4(5) spikes;
present). brittoniana
perigynia nerveless over the achene ventrally, or nearly so; and staminate
sometimes lowermost with the midrib
(and the pistillate scales)
scales
mm
awn
Carex
excurrent as a scabrous 0.1-0.9(2.4) long. bicknellii var.
known
from Carex
bicknellii a dry prairie species not Mississippi. bicknellii
is
var. opaca was found at the same site in the Black Prairie Region of
Mississippi where C. oklahomensis Mack, was first collected in the state by the
senior author in 1991 (Bryson et al. 1992). It was associated with C. biishii
&
Tuckerman,
Hook.,
Mack., C. complanata Torr. C. glaucodea C. longii
The
Mack., and C. vulpinoidea Michx. following are data reporting C.
from Mississippi the time.
opaca for
bicknellii var. first
and
Bryson
Carter, Cyperaceae 173
in Mississippi
Carex Mack. new
fissa var. fissa herewith reported to Mississippi.
is
Carexfissa was described by Mackenzie (1931) from specimens collected in
Oklahoma
eastern where was believed to be endemic. Kolstad (1986)
it
Hermann
from Kansas and Oklahoma.
reported C. southeastern eastern
fissa
(1965) described Carexfissa var. aristata from north central Florida. Jones et
new The
(1990) reported C. to Texas. Mississippi collection of C.
al. fissa fissa
hwy US
was found wet between 78 and
yar. in a ditch old railroad tracks
fissa
C
in with C. anmctens Bicknell, triangularis Boeck., and C. vulpinoidea
Michx. in the North Central Plateau Region. possible that this species
It
is
may
have been introduced into Mississippi by highway or
rail traffic.
However, habitat in Mississippi similar to that in Arkansas, and
its is it is
likely that C. fissa is native to Mississippi. It is probable that C. fissa var.
C
The
aristata will be found in southern Mississippi. following data report
new
vat. to Mississippi.
fissa fissa
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MIJ
1990,,
&
drummondii
Cyperus Hook.
= drummondii
Torr. C. virensM.ich.-K. var.
[
&
Hook.) Kukenthal} North America
(Torr. in restricted to the coastal
is
known
plain and from Texas and Louisiana (Denton 1978). Specimens
is
have also been seen from Florida and Georgia (Carter, unpublished data).
It
known
also from Nicaragua, Jamaica, the Galapagos Islands, Surinam, and
is
(Denton Although Denton
Brazil 1978). (1978) considered C. drummondii
we
to be a variety of C. virens Michx., think the morphological differences
are sufficient for recognition as a species. Cyperus drummondii generally a
is
taller plant with a more compact inflorescence and fewer primary inflores-
cence bracts, shorter scales, and a greater achene length to scale length ratio.
C
At the site reported here, C. drummondii was associated with C. haspan L.,
Baldwin, and
ovatus C. polystachyos Rottb., C. strigosus L., C. virens, Fimbri-
Meadows The
spp. in the Coastal Pine Region. following are data for
stylis
the collection of drummondii from Mississippi.
C.
first
W
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Jackson Co.: Moss Point, ditch along side
MS
of hwy 63 between Frederick Street and Dr. Martin Luther King Drive, 0.5 mi S
SWSL,
Escatawpa River Bridge, 16 Sep 1993, Carter 11515 (ctb, VSC).
Cyperus elegans known from and
L. coastal Texas, Louisiana, Florida;
is
it has not previously been reported from Mississippi. It is related to C,
Nees ex Steud. and can be distinguished from that species by
oxylepis
its
mm
black, obovoid achenes (0.7—1.0 broad) and grayish brown, semi-
mm
translucent scales versus the brown, oblong, 0.5 broad achene and
ca.
&
golden yellow orangish of (Bryson Carter Like
to scales C. oxylepis 1992).
C. oxylepis, C. elegans has a distinctive and pleasantly aromatic fragrance
somewhat like that of cured juniper wood, which can often be detected
several meters away from live plants in the field. The authors have on several
making
occasions smelled these species in the field prior to visual contact.
Both species are locally abundant in heavily disturbed areas along the
fill
and and
coast in Jackson County, Mississippi, the populations of C. elegans
C. oxylepis consist of more than 2000 plants each and cover an area greater
than 121 ha (300 acres). Cyperus elegans was found in association with C.
L,
Boeckler, Vahl,
odoratus C. oxylepis, C. entrerianus C. filidnus C. flavescens
Meadows
L.,C. surinamensis Rottb., and C. virens in the Coastal Pine Region.
Collection data for C. elegans in Mississippi follow.
Community
Collection data. U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Harrison Co.: Orange Grove Center,
N
hwysI-10andUS49;WofUS49,l6Oct
mi 13160
0.3 1993, Br^^oK ^«^Ctfner(ctb,
jet.
SWSL, VSC). Jackson Co.: Pascagoula, vicinity of Bayou Casotte, S of Louise and
jet.
Aug MICH, VDB,
Washington Streets, 9 1993, Bryson 12595 (ctb, IBE, VSC); Carier
11339 (VSC, others to be distributed).
Cyperus entrerianus Boeck. an apparent introduction from South
is
America or Mexico (Carter 1990) and was reported from 21 counties in
&
Alabama, and
Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Texas (Carter 1990; Carter
m
Although some
Jones 1991). C, entrerianus not recognized floras,
is it is
quite distinct from other taxa in the Cyperus section Luzuloidei in temperate
North America, and comprehensive and key was provided
a discussion for
this section by Carter (1990). This perennial a copious producer of seeds
is
and possesses a hard, stout, deeply set rhizome. It seems to be a more
weed members
aggressive than other oiCyperus section Luzuloidei that occur
&
in Mississippi {t.g.,C. acuminatus Torr. Hook., C. drummondii, C. eragrostis
Lam., and
C. pseudovegetus Steud., C. surinamensis, C. virens). Cyperus entreri-
anus often locally abundant in eastern Texas and southern Louisiana where
is
seems to be associated with rice production, and has been found in a rice
it it
Paraguay was found growing
field in (Carter 1990). Cyperus entrerianus in the
Meadows
Coastal Pine Region with C. elegans and associates listed in the
its
The
preceding discussion. following are data for the collections of C.
first
entrerianus in Mississippi.
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Jackson Co.: Pascagoula, vicinity of Bayou
Aug Aug
Casotte, S of Louise and Washington streets, 9 1993, Bryson 12598 (ctb); 31
jet.
KNK,
1993, Bryson 12821 and Newton (BRIT/SMU, ctb, DSC, FLAS, FSU, GA, IBE,
MICH, MISS, MISSA, MMNS, MO, NLU, SWSL, TAES, USMH, VDB, VSC,
others to be
Cyperus eragrostis Lam. native to California, Oregon, and Washing-
is
ton in North America; Bolivia, Peru, and Surinam south to Argentina,
Uruguay
Brazil, Chile, and in South America; and Easter and Juan Fernan-
(Denton
dez Islands in the Pacific 1978). This species has not previously
5
Bryson and
Carter,
Cyperaceae in Mississippi 7
1
been reported from Mississippi although two specimens collected by Ken
Rogers (cited below) were collected in Forrest and Hinds counties in 1971
and 1981, respectively, and determined by R. Krai (VDB) and R. Carter. In
Rankin made
County, collections were along shallow narrow These
ditches.
sites are across the Pearl River and within five miles of the earlier Hinds
Ken
County The seem
site of Rogers. IMississippi plants to be intermediate
in size between typical C. eragrostis var. eragrostis and the diminutive form C.
Kuk. Denton
eragrostis var. compactus (Desv.) (1978) treated C. eragrostis var.
synonym
compactus as a of C. eragrostis because the diminutive form occurs
When
throughout the range of the species. transplanted into pots and grown
under controlled conditions with regular watering and in the
(i.e., fertilizer)
USDA,
greenhouse the ARS, Jamie Whitten Delta Research
at States
MS,
from Rankin County
Center, Stoneville, individuals of C. eragrostis the
new
collection produced stems that were longer than those observed in the
and were Thus,
field that typical of Cyperus eragrostis var. eragrostis. appears
it
mowing
periodic of ditches and roadsides apparently caused plants to be
Rankin
shorter than typical for the species in the County, Mississippi
population observed by the senior author. In Rankin County,
C. eragrostis W3.s
associated with Carex longii, Cyperus haspan, C. odoratus., C. pseudovegetus C.
,
and Kyllmga
Rottb. = Cyperus (Rottb.)
strigosus, C. virens, brevifolia hrevifolius
{
made
Hassk.}. Each of the collections were in the Longleaf Pine Belt Region.
The
following data are the first records C. eragrostis from Mississippi.
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Forrest Co.: Hattiesburg, drainage ditch
at
Kemper Park, 16 Jul \91\,Rogen 6708 (VDB). Hinds Co.: Jackson, Riverside Park, 8 Jun
MS
1981, i?<?gm46973 (VDB). Rankin Co.: Flowood, 0.3 mi Eof Pearl River;Sofhwy 25,
7 Sep 1993, Bryson 12966 (ctb, VSC); Bryson 12975 (ctb, SWSL, VSC); Flowood, 0.7 mi E
MS
Pearl River; S of hwy 25, 14 Oct 1993, Bryson 13128 and Bryson (ctb, SWSL, VSC).
Cyperus was from two
louisianensis Thieret previously reported only
sites, including the type locality, in Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana (Thieret
achene and two-branched subgenus
1977). Its lenticular style place in
it
and North American
Pycreus, appears to be closely related to the species,
it
The
C. diandrus Torr. (Thieret 1977). scales of C. louisianensis are similar to
those of C, diandrus, but C. louisianensis distinguished by three stamens and
is
styles that are divided less than halfway to the base (Thieret 1977). Cyperus
widespread world
louisianensis also closely related to the old species, C.
is
Our
Vahl
sanguinolentus (Thieret 1977). observations indicate that C,
louisianensis typically found in disturbed habitats, such as road ditches and
is
margins of ponds, where often forms dense, nearly monotypic,
artificial
it
stands. Also, found in association with introduced weeds, e.g. C. pilosus
it is
& &
Vahl (Bryson Carter 1992) and Chase (Bryson
Sacciolepts indtca (L.)
We
Meadows
Lockley 993), in the Coastal Pine Region. have also observed
1
that C. louisianensis flowers and fruits from late August until frost and that
much when
more easily detected late in the season its distinctive reddish
it is
may why
pigmentation has developed completely. Thus, this explain
scale
Cyperm
has been overlooked previously in Mississippi. louisianensis has
it
been candidate protection (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
listed as a for
Additional and herbarium studies by the authors are currently
1993). field
The
in progress to determine the status of this taxon. following data are the
from
records of C. louisianensis Mississippi.
first
W
N
MS
Hancock hwy mi
Collection data. U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Co.: side of 43, 0.44
MS
US SWSL,
of hwys 90 and 43 in Waveland, 16 Sep 1993, Carter 11342 (VSC, others
jet.
to be distributed); I6 Oct 1993, Bryson 13166 and Carter 154^ (ctb, SWSL, VSC, others
1
W
MS
to be distributed); of Mill Creek, between Mill Creek and Indian Ridge Road, S of
MS
mi E hwys 43 and 1-59 Picayune, 18 Oct 1993, Bryson 13265 and Carter
43, ca. 5 jet. in
NW
m
11567 SWSL, VSC, mi hwys 43 and 603
(ctb, others to be distributed); 9.0 of
jet.
Kiln,atPetroleumPipelinecrossingofhwyMS43,SsideofhwyMS43,180ctl993,C^mr
N
MS
11568 and Bryson (VSC, others to be distributed); of Kiln, 0.6 mi S of hwys 43
jet.
byW
MS MS
and 603, side of hwy 43, 18 Oct 1993,Brj.;w; 13267 and Carter 11569 {cth,
hwy
SWSL, VSC, others to be distributed); Kiln, beside Shitalo Baptist Church and across
W
MS MS Brjw
43 from Kiln Post Office, by side of hwy 43, 18 Oct 993, 3268 <7;2^C^r?^r
7
1
MS
U570
(ctb, SWSL, VSC, others to be distributed); SE jet. hwys 43 and I-IO, 18 Oct
Br^Jo«i3277^Wc:^r;fr/ SWSL, VSC, Harrison
1993, 757/ (ctb, others to bedistributed).
W
N
Co.: Orange Grove Community Center, 0.3 mi hwys 10 and US 49; of US 49,
jet. I-
16 Oct 1993, Bryson 13164 and Carter 11544 (ctb, SWSL, VSC, others to be distributed);
Orange Grove, mi S hwy US 49 and O'Neal Road, 18 Oct 1993, Bryson 13276 (ctb,
1. 1 jet.
W
N
SWSL, VSC, others to be distributed); Gulfport, 0.3 mi of of Harrison Drive and
jet.
34th Avenue, ditch along Harrison Drive, 18 Oct 1993, Carter 11574 (VSC, others to be
W
MS
hwy
distributed); 3.32 mi of of Popps Ferry Road and D'Iberville Boulevard =
jet.
(
W
m
Camp
67), along Popps Ferry Road, ea 50 of jet. with Four Jacks Road, 18 Oct 1993,
NW
US
Carter 11577 (VSC, others to be distributed); hwys I-IO and 49, 18 Oct 1993,
jet.
Bryson 13279 (ctb, SWSL, VSC, others to be distributed). Jackson Co.: Paseagoula, just SE
of Washington and Louise Streets, vie. Bayou Cassette, 6 Sep 1991 Bryson 11032 and
jet.
1
,
KNK,
Newton (ALA, BRIT/SMU, DSC, GA, FLAS, FSU, IBE, MICH, MISS, MISSA,
ctb,
MMNS, MO, NLU, NY, SWSL, TAES, TENN, UARK, USMH, VDB, VSC,
US, others to
be distributed); 16 Sep 1993, Carter 11337 (VSC, others to be distributed); St. Martin, 0.2
N
mi of of Old Fort Bayou Road and Rosefarm Road, along Rosefarm Road S of creek,
jet.
W
of of Old Fort Bayou Road and Yellow Jacket Boulevard, between Lancaster Road and
jet.
Mayfair Road, 18 Oct 1993, Carter 11580 (VSC, others to be distributed); vicinity of St.
Martin, 0.19 mi E of of Fort Bayou Road and Yellow Jacket Drive, by Old Fort Bayou
jet.
Road, 18 Oct 1993, Carter 11581 (VSC, others to be distributed). Pearl River Co.:
Oct 1993, Bryson 13222 and Carter 11565 (ctb, SWSL, VSC, others to be distributed);
W
N
MS MS
Picayune, 0.5 mi hwys 1-59 and 43; of 43, 18 Oct 1993, Bryson 13257 and
jet.
11562 SWSL, VSC,
Carter (ctb, others to be distributed).
&
Kyllinga brevifolioides (Thieret Delahoussaye) G.C. Tucker =
C.
{
&
Thieret Delahoussaye) (Tucker 1984) was cited from Con-
brevifolioides
necticut, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Virginia in North America by
and
Bryson
Carter, 177
Cyperaceae in Mississippi
Delahoussaye and Thieret (1967) in the original description. Subsequently,
has been reported from Maryland (Sipple 1978; Naczi et 1986),
it al.
Webb
Tennessee (Krai 1981; Alabama and Georgia (Webb
et 1981), et
al.
New
1981), Jersey (Snyder 1983, 1984), Delaware (Naczi 1984; Naczi
al.
&
Thomas
et 1986), and Arkansas (Sundell 1988). Like K. K.
al. brevifolia,
a rhizomatous perennial; however, can be separated from K.
hrevifolioides
is it
by smooth and 2-3 stamens
scale keel versus the denticulate
brevifolia its
K
and stamen and
scale keel a single of Like K. K. odorata,
brevifolia. brevifolia
K. brevifolioides weedy and was probably introduced from Asia (Ferren and
is
&
Webb
Schuyler 980; Dennis 1981). Kyllinga brevifolia and K, brevifolioides
1
have been observed by the authors to be weeds in periodically wet or
frequently irrigated areas of lawns, roadsides, ditches, cemeteries, golf
courses, and flower beds, often associated with the following sedges: Carex
obtma
longii, Cyperus polystachyos, C. pseudovegetus C. strigosus, Eleocharis
,
(WiUd.) Schult., and Kyllinga pumila Michx. The collections reported herein
The
are from the Loess Bluffs and Tennessee River Hills Regions. following
from
are data for the first collections oi K. brevifolioides Mississippi.
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Alcorn Co.: Corinch, S of hwy US 72 and
jet.
KNK,
Cass Street, 29 Sep 1993, Bryson 13082 (ctb, FSU, IBE, NYS, SWSL, VDB, VSC);
hwy US NLU,
Corinth, SE of 72 and Harper Road, 29 Sep 1995, Bryson 13094 (ctb, IBE,
jet.
W
SWSL, VDB, VSC). De Soto Co.: Olive Branch, 0.3 mi of hwys US 78 (old) and MS
jet.
N
Goodman Goodman
302 = Road); of Road, 7 Oct 1995, Bryson 13102 and Bryson (BRIT/
(
SMU, DSC, FSU, GA, IBE, KNK, MICH, MISS, MMNS, NLU, SWSL, USMH, VDB,
ctb,
W
N
Goodman
VSC); 0.8 mi of Road and Getwell Road; of Getwell Road, 13 Oct
ca. jet
known
Cyperus aggregatus
(Willd.) Endl. {previously huarmensis
as C.
C
(H.B.K.) M.C. Johnst., cayennensis (Lam.) Britton, and C. flavus (Vahl)
Nees; see Tucker (1985)} reported from Florida (Krai 1966; Clewell
is
1985),Louisiana(Horvat 1941), and Texas (Correll&Johnston 1970). Since
&
was discovered in Stone County, Mississippi, in 1991 (Bryson
It first
weed
Carter 1992), C. aggregatus has been observed to be an aggressive of
open sandy hilltops, roadsides, poorly kept lawns, and disturbed vacant lots
distribution of populations in Mississippi suggest that C. aggregatus, not
if
many Meadows
a native, was introduced years ago into the Coastal Pine and
The
Longleaf Pine Beit Regions of Mississippi. following are additional
records of this weedy species, including two new county records.
hwy US
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Forrest Co.: Fruitland Park, E of 49,
N
9 Aug 1993, Bryson 12580 (ctb, IBE, SWSL, VSC). Harrison Co.: 0.2 mi of Howison,
W
hwy US Aug NYS,
E of 49, 9 1993, Bryson 12381 (ctb, IBE, VSC); Gulfport, vacant lot
Cyperus difformis ranks one of the world's worst weeds (Holm
L. as et
1991) and occurs from Europe, Asia, Central America, North America
al.
(Lipscomb 1980), Australia, the Pacific Islands (Kukenthal. 1935), Mexico
(McGivney and South America McDaniel comm.).
1938), (S. pers. It is a
period (as little as 4 to 6 weeks from seed to seed) and high reproductive
(Holm
potential et 1991). This species seems to be spreading in the
al.
United States especially along major waterways, through introduction at
ports-of-entry, and in rice production in California. In the United States C.
known
difformis has been from Virginia since 934 and a troublesome weed
is
1
of rice in California (Bryson 1984b). also known from Alabama (Krai
It is
1973), Florida (Burkhalter 1985), Louisiana (Thieret 1964), Mississippi
&
(Bryson Carter Nebraska (Lemaire North Carolina (Tyndall
1992), 1970),
&
(Webb
Pennsylvania (Smith Tennessee Dennis and
1983), 1986), 1981),
During work new
Texas (Carr 1988). in 1993, populations were
field
&
known
discovered, and previously populations (Bryson Carter 1992) were
number
observed. Population size, in area covered and of individuals, had
The
increased by 2- to 400-fold since 1991. following are data for recently
discovered populations of C. difformis in Mississippi from the Coastal Pine
Meadows
and Longleaf Pine Belt Regions.
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Forrest Co.: Hattiesburg, Alcorn Street
between James and Tipton streets, beside Hattiesburg Water Works, 16 Oct 1993, Bryson
KNK, MMNS,
13148, Carter anci Rosso (BRIT/SMU, ctb, FSU, IBE, MISS, MO, NLU,
W
NYS, SWSL, TAES, USMH, VDB, VSC). Hancock Co.: Kiln, wet ditch of hwy MS 43,
Aug
6 1992, Bryson 11941 IBE, VSC). Harrison Co.: Gulfport, wet ditch between
(ctb,
Seaway Road and RR; S of hwy I-IO, 6 Aug 1992, Bryson 11993 IBE, VSC); Orange
(ctb,
W
N
US US Aug
Grove, 0.3 mi jet. hwys I-IO and 49; of 49, 31 1993, Bryson 12805 and
MS
Aug
Newton (ctb). Jackson Co.: Moss Point, SE jet. hwys I- 10 and 63, 31 1993, Bryson
NE MS
US
12818 and Newton (ctb); Moss Point, of hwys 90 and 63, Sep 1993, Bryson
jet. 1
NLU, VDB,
12833 and Newton IBE, VSC); Pascagoula, Bayou Casotte adjacent
(ctb, area,
Animal
to City Shelter just S of S end of Louise Street, 16 Sep 1993, Carter 11338 (VSC,
&
(=C. albomarginatus Martius Schrad. ex
:hx.
known
Nees) was previously from only Lafayette and Tishomingo counties,
both in northeastern Mississippi in the North Central Plateau and Tennessee
River Hills Regions. Cyperus flavicomus was found growing on wet often
soil
shallow standing water with Carex
in in association Cyperus
longii, difformis,
C. esculmtus L., C, iria L., C. haspan, C. odoratus, C. pilosus, C. polysfachyos, C.
(Michx.)
strigosus, C. surinamensis, C. virens, Eleocharis obtusa, E. tuberculosa
&
Roem. Roem. and
Schult., Fimbristylis autumnalis Schult., miliacea
(L.)
F.
Bryson and
Carter, Cyperaceae 179
in Mississippi
(L.) Vahl, Kyllinga and Rhynchospora cornkulata (Lam.) Gray. Based
hrevifolia,
C
on our examination of herbarium specimens and surveys, flavkomus
field
.
much
seems to occur sporadically throughout of the southeastern United
The
States. following are additional county records from the Coastal Pine
Meadows
Region
of southern Mississippi.
N
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Harrison Co.: Orange Grove, 0.3 mi
jet.
WofUS
US Aug
iiwys I- 10 and 49; 49, 31 1993,6rj'Jo« i2Si 5 «WNf«./o«(ctb,DSC,IBE,
MMNS, MO, NLU, SWSL, USMH, VDB,
MISS, VSC); Bryson 13162 and Carter VSC).
{czh,
MS
Jackson Co.: Moss Point, SE of hwys 10 and 31 Aug 1995, Bryson 12816 and
jet. I- 63,
Cyperus lancastrensis Porter Gray was reported from Mississippi
in
first
by Morris 988) in the North Central Plateau Region. Subsequently, was
it
( 1
reported from Lee and Tishomingo counties in the Tennessee River Hills
&
Region
(Bryson Carter 992). Following are data from an additional three
1
counties from northern Mississippi in the North Central Plateau and
all
Tennessee River Hills Region. Cyperus was found growing
lancastrensis in
Wood
damp
with and
association C. echinatus (L.) C. strigosus in small
on open
depressions
hillsides.
N SW
Itawamba
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. mi Dorsey
Co.: 1.6 of
jet.
of hwy US 78 and Fawn Grove exit, 26 Aug 1993, Bryson 12784 (ctb, VSC). Marshall Co.:
N
MS
of Galena, jet. of old and new hwys 7, 24 Aug 1993, Bryson 12731 (ctb, IBE, VDB,
MS
hwy
VSC). Tate Co.: Thyatira, S of 7 Oct 1993 Bryson 13114 and Bryson VSC).
4, (ctb,
Cyperus ovatus Baldwin
= C. pollardii Britton in Small) occurs through-
{
out Florida and northward in the outer Atlantic coastal plain into North
Carolina and westward along the Gulf Coast into Louisiana (Carter, in prep.).
and from
It related to C, retrorsus discussed previously Mississippi
is is
&
At we
(Bryson Carter 1992). the time of our previous paper, were unable
Hancock County
to locate C. ovatus in despite field surveys in suitable
pond
habitats margins, edges of marshes, banks of black water
(e.g., salt
streams, and bogs and ditches in pineland savannas). Following are data for
C
additional recent collections of ovatus from Mississippi in the Coastal Pine
Meadows
Region.
Hancock
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Co.: Port Bienville Waterfront
W
MS
Industrial Park, 17 Oct 1993, Bryson 13182 andCarter 11333 Kiln, of hwy
(ctb); 43;
MS
hwy
across 43 from Kiln Post Office, beside Shifalo Baptist Church; 2.0 mi S hwys
ca. jet.
MS
43 and 603, 18 Oct 1993, Bryson 13269 andCarter
(ctb).
Cyperus pilosus Vahl, a weed of tropical and subtropical regions of Asia,
and West (Kukenthal McGivney was
Australia, Africa 1935, 1938), appar-
ently introduced into North America from the old world and was
first
reported in the United States from Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana, by O'Neill
(1938). Subsequently, C. pilosus was reported from Florida by Burkhalter
&
and
(1985), relocated in Louisiana by Carter (Bryson Carter 1992),
&
discovered in Mississippi by Bryson Carter (1992). In Mississippi, C.
pilosus was found most frequently growing in disturbed soil at the edge of
standing water in ditches, along slow moving streams, and around ponds
many
often in association with other Cyperus species including: C. difformis.
The
ma, and following
C. C. louisianensis, C. odoratus, C. strigosm, C. virens.
data report C. pilosus from additional counties in Mississippi in the Coastal
Meadows
Pine Region.
Hancock
Voucher specimens: U.S.A. MISSISSIPPI. Co.: SE of Napolean, in ditch E
of"
N
MS MO, NLU,
hwys I-IO and 607; of I-IO, 10 Aug 199.^, Bryson 12606 (ctb, IBE,
jet.
W
N N
SWSL, VDB, VSC); of Waveland, of hwy MS 43, 0.44 mi of hwys US 90 and
jet.
43, 16 Sep 99^ Carnr 11346 (VSC:). Harrison Co.: Gulfport, ditch between Seaway Road
1
and RR; S of U 6 Aug 992, Bry.wtj 996 (ctb, IBE, MICH, NLU, TENN, VDB, VSC);
0,
1 1
1 1
Aug
Gulfport, ditch along Industrial Road, 9 1993, Bryson 12582 andLockley (ctb); Bryson
12584 IBE, SWSL, VSC); Bryson 12625 IBE, VDB, VSC); Orange Grove
(ctb, (ctb,
W
N
Community US US Aug
Center, 0.3 mi hwys and 49; of 49, 31 1993, Bryson
)Ct. I-
1
12813 and Newton (ctb, VSC); Bryson 3 158 and Carter (ctb, VSC). Pearl River Co.: Ca.
1
1
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Newton
Thanks are expressed to N.B. Bryson, T.C. Lockley, and T.E. for
help with work and A.A. Reznicek (MICH) who confirmed the
field
W.
determination oiCarex and Thieret
bickmllii var. opaca C.
fissa y2.t.fissa, J.
(KNK) who
confirmed the determination of the 1991 Cyperus
louisianensis
(KNK),
collection, and S.D. Jones (TAES), R.F.C. Naczi and A.A. Reznicek
who
reviewed the manuscript. Financial support of the junior author's
field
work was provided by a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service status survey contract
on
Cyperus
louisianensis.
IFERENCES
•ofMississip
sedge. Soui
a
new
(Cyperaceae)
? t
new
Bryson, C.T, S.W. Rosso and R.EC. Naczi. 1991. Carex (Cyperaceae)
baltzellit to
Mississippi with notes on Carex pkta and Carex impressinervia in Mississippi. Sida 14:
493-499.
Bryson, C.T. and R. Carter. 1992. Notes on Cyperus and Kylltnga (Cyperaceae) in
Mississippi with records of six species new to the state. Sida 15:119-124.
Bryson, C.T, R.F.C. Naczi and McDaniel. 1992. Notes on noteworthy records Carex
S. o'i
(Cyperaceae) from the southeastern United States. Sida 15:125-135.