Table Of ContentSPRINGER BRIEFS IN PHARMACEUTICAL
SCIENCE & DRUG DEVELOPMENT
Soodabeh Saeidnia
New Approaches
to Natural
Anticancer Drugs
123
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Soodabeh Saeidnia
New Approaches to Natural
Anticancer Drugs
SoodabehSaeidnia
FacultyofPharmacy,MedicinalPlantsResearchCenter
TehranUniversityofMedicalSciences
Tehran,Iran
ISSN1864-8118 ISSN1864-8126 (electronic)
SpringerBriefsinPharmaceuticalScience&DrugDevelopment
ISBN978-3-319-14026-1 ISBN978-3-319-14027-8 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-14027-8
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015931250
SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
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Author
SoodabehSaeidnia
FacultyofPharmacy,MedicinalPlantsResearchCenter,
TehranUniversityofMedicalSciences,Tehran,Iran
Co-Authors:
ForChapter1:
AhmadR.GohariandSoodabehSaeidnia
FacultyofPharmacy,MedicinalPlantsResearchCenter,
TehranUniversityofMedicalSciences,Tehran,Iran
NiloofarKahkeshani
FacultyofPharmacy,DepartmentofPharmacognosy,
TehranUniversityofMedicalSciences,Tehran,Iran
ForChapter2:
RojaRahimiandHosseinRezaeizadeh
FacultyofTraditionalMedicine,PersianMedicineandPharmacyResearch
Center,TehranUniversityofMedicalSciences,Tehran,Iran
TayebehTaheripanah
Be´satHospital,ArteshUniversity,Tehran,Iran
v
vi
ForChapter3:
SaminehJafari
FacultyofPharmacy,DepartmentofPharmacognosy,
ZanjanUniversityofMedicalSciences,Zanjan,Iran
ForChapter4:
MaryamHamzeloo-Moghadam
DepartmentofTraditionalPharmacy,SchoolofTraditionalMedicine,
ShahidBeheshtiUniversityofMedicalSciences,Tehran,Iran
ForChapter5:
AzadehManayi
FacultyofPharmacy,MedicinalPlantsResearchCenter,
TehranUniversityofMedicalSciences,Tehran,Iran
ForChapter6:
MahdiVazirian
FacultyofPharmacy,DepartmentofPharmacognosy,
TehranUniversityofMedicalSciences,Tehran,Iran
Preface
Duringpastdecades,anticancerdrugdiscoveryhasgrownquicklyandhundredsof
novelactivecompoundsofnaturaloriginhavebeenexaminedtofindawaytoward
clinicaltrials,andthentotheworldpharmaceuticalmarkets.Nowisthetimetotake
a look behind to see what we have gained from natural resources, challenges and
developments,thentothefuture,newwindowstomoderndevelopingapproaches
inordertofindthebestcandidatesformoreinvestigationsforsure.
Undoubtedly, high throughput screenings based on reverse pharmacology and
pharmacognosy are able to result in further novel and lead compounds in this
regard. On the other side, biotechnology and nanotechnology are strong tools to
reachtheeffectivecompoundsviatargetedapproachesrapidlytowardbothanimal
studies andclinical trials. In fact, the main objective ofthis book is to provide an
up-to-date review on the recently identified natural anticancer/anti-tumor com-
pounds from various natural origins including plants, animals, fungi, mushrooms,
aswellasmicro-andmarineorganisms,andalsonovelcandidatesforclinicaltrials
and new approaches used. Although there have been some books on natural
anticancer drugs, no book has been published that deals with quick and useful
information of different varieties of natural anticancer compounds all together in
onebook.
The present book can be used by researchers in the field of pharmaceutical
sciences,studentsandresidentsinpharmacyandmedicineschoolsregardingtheir
coursesandthesis,academicscientistsinthementionedfields,aswellasthosewho
workontheresearchareasofphytochemistryandnaturalproducts.
This book has six chapters explaining the challenges and development in
anticancer drug discovery approaches, traditional remedies for prevention and
treatment of cancer, marine-derived anticancer compounds, and antibiotics used
as anticancer agents, as well as different classes of terpenoids and carbohydrates,
whichhaveattractedthescientists’attentioninthisfieldastheefficientanticancer
candidates.
I would like to thank the contributors of the chapters, who are my great
colleagues, for their kind endeavors in creating this text. Moreover, I would like
vii
viii Preface
to acknowledge the support of the Springer staff, especially Ms. Manika Power.
Eventually, anycommentsandfeedbackfromthe expertsinthefieldofthisbook
arewelcometoconsiderforfutureeditions.
Tehran,Iran SoodabehSaeidnia
Contents
1 AnticancerDrugDiscoveryApproaches;Challenges
andDevelopment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2 LinkingBetweenTraditionalMedicineKnowledge
andHighThroughputScreening. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 ReversePharmacognosy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4 Nanotechnology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4.1 Dendrimers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.4.2 Micelles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4.3 Liposomes. . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. 6
1.4.4 Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic-Acid)orPLGA. . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.5 Biotechnology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.5.1 PclitaxelandOtherTaxanes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.5.2 Podophyllotoxin(PTOX)andRelatedLignans. . . . . . . . 8
1.6 Conclusion. . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . 9
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2 AnEvidenceBasedApproachtoTraditionalHerbal
RemediesfortheManagementofCancer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2 MedicinalPlantsTraditionallyUsedforCancer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.2.1 AlliumsativumL.(Garlic). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.2.2 Boswelliaspecies.. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. 16
2.2.3 CommiphoramukulEngl.(Guggul). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.2.4 CoriandrumsativumL.(Coriander). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2.5 DescureaniaSophiaL.(Flixweed). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2.6 IrisgermanicaL.(Iris). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.2.7 LinumusitatissimumL.(Flax). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.2.8 MatricariarecutitaL.(Chamomile). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
ix
