Nano-Phytoremediation Technologies for Groundwater Contaminates: Emerging Research and Opportunities

208 Pages·2019·5.777 MB·English

by  Suphiya Khan, Pankaj Kumar Saraswat

Nano-Phytoremediation
Technologies
for Groundwater
Contaminates:
Emerging Research and
Opportunities
Khushboo Chaudhary
Banasthali University, Tonk Newai, India
Suphiya Khan
Banasthali University, Tonk Newai, India
Pankaj Kumar Saraswat
ICAR, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamenglong District, Manipur,
India
A volume in the Advances in
Environmental Engineering and
Green Technologies (AEEGT) Book
Series
Published in the United States of America by
IGI Global
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Chaudhary, Khushboo, 1989- author. | Khan, Suphiya, 1976- author. |
Saraswat, Pankaj Kumar, 1976- author.
Title: Nano-phytoremediation technologies for groundwater contaminates :
emerging research and opportunities / by Khushboo Chaudhary, Suphiya Khan,
and Pankaj Kumar Saraswat.
Description: First edition. | Hershey, PA : Engineering Science Reference, an
imprint of IGI Global, [2020] | Includes bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019011811| ISBN 9781522590163 (hardcover) | ISBN
9781522590170 (ebook) | ISBN 9781522599012 (softcover)
Subjects: LCSH: Phytoremediation. | Groundwater--Purification. |
Groundwater--Pollution. | Heavy metals--Environmental aspects.
Classification: LCC TD192.75 .C45 2020 | DDC 628.1/68--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.
loc.gov/2019011811

This book is published in the IGI Global book series Advances in Environmental Engineering and
Green Technologies (AEEGT) (ISSN: 2326-9162; eISSN: 2326-9170)
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A Cataloguing in Publication record for this book is available from the British Library.
All work contributed to this book is new, previously-unpublished material.
The views expressed in this book are those of the authors, but not necessarily of the publisher.
For electronic access to this publication, please contact: [email protected].
Advances in Environmental
Engineering and Green
Technologies (AEEGT) Book
Series
ISSN:2326-9162
EISSN:2326-9170
Editor-in-Chief: Sang-Bing Tsai, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan
Institute, China, Ming-Lang Tseng, Lunghwa University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, Yuchi
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Mission
Growing awareness and an increased focus on environmental issues such as climate change,
energy use, and loss of non-renewable resources have brought about a greater need for
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science and engineering continues to play a vital role in uncovering new opportunities for
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The Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies (AEEGT)
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For an entire list of titles in this series, please visit:
https://www.igi-global.com/book-series/advances-environmental-engineering-green-technologies/73679
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Dedicated to my parents, my husband, and my loving kids Bhagyashree and
Lavyansh
If an experiment doesn’t work at right time, don’t start changing things. Leave
the experiment alone for a few hours and let your mind work things out.
Table of Contents
Preface.................................................................................................................viii
Acknowledgment..................................................................................................ix
Chapter 1
Introduction.to.Phytoremediation...........................................................................1
Chapter 2
Heavy.Metal.Pollution............................................................................................8
Chapter 3
Non-Metal.Pollution.(Fluoride)............................................................................18
Chapter 4
Fluoride.Contaminated.Groundwater...................................................................31
Chapter 5
Effect.of.Plant.Growth.Promoting.Bacteria.(PGPB).on.Phytoremdiation.
Technology............................................................................................................55
Chapter 6
Role.of.Plant.Growth.Promoting.Rhizosphere.(PGPR).on.Molecular.
Mechanisms.Transporters.Under.Heavy.Metal.Stress..........................................71
Chapter 7
Phytormediation.Efficiency.Increased.by.Using.Plant.Growth.Promoting.
Bacteria.(PGPB).and.Chelates..............................................................................85
Chapter 8
Mechanism.of.Heavy.Metal.ATPase.(HMA2,.HMA3.and.HMA4).Genes........104

Chapter 9
Role.of.Phytochelatines.(PCs).and.Metallothionines.(MTs).Genes.
Approaches.in.Plant.Signalling...........................................................................118
Chapter 10
Heavy.Metal.Stress.Mechanism.by.Signaling.Cascades.in.Plants......................133
Chapter 11
Newer.Approaches.in.Phytoremediation:.An.Overview.....................................145
Related Readings...............................................................................................179
About the Authors.............................................................................................195
Index...................................................................................................................197
viii
Preface
The present book entitled Nano-Phytoremediation Technologies for Groundwater
Contaminates: Emerging Research and Opportunities is aimed at presenting precise
information for undergraduate, post graduate student and also very helpful to research
scholar. This book has updated information on phytoremediation and some experimental
method used in life science laboratories. Plants are valuable resources for all living
organisms which provide food, medicine, produce oxygen and regulate water cycle.
Heavy metal stress has negative impact on environment. Its mean direct and indirect
effect on human beings and drastic effect on crop yield. Heavy metals produced from
industries and factories are non-biodegradable and have accumulated in soil and human
body organ. Heavy metal toxicity has become a major threat to plant growth and crop
yield. The mechanism of heavy metal accumulation, detoxification and tolerance have
become the basis for using plants for remediating heavy metal contaminated soil and
water. Phytoremdiation is the use of plants to uptake pollutants from the soil and water,
sustainable environment cleanup technology is used worldwide. In this book are 11
chapters that will shed light on different heavy metals, non-metals, nanoparticles, and
their effect on remedial approaches. All chapters is an overview on heavy metals and
non-metal (Fluoride) toxicity, nutrient uptake, effect on plant growth, photosysnthesis,
antioxidative properties, hormonal signaling, efficiency increase by plant growth
promoting bacteria, biosynthesis of phytochelatins, molecular mechanism and at last
their role in signaling. This book is a compilation of maximum information regarding
phytoremdiation after our best efforts. I would like to thank Prof. Aditya Shastri and
also to the funding support from “DST” Banasthali University, Newai (Rajasthan)
India and Dr Naveen Kumar (Principal Scientist) NCVTC, National Research Center
on Equines Hisar, Haryana India.
Khushboo Chaudhary
Banasthali University, Tonk Newai, India
Suphiya Khan
Banasthali University, Tonk Newai, India
Pankaj Kumar Saraswat
ICAR, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tamenglong District, Manipur, India
ix
Acknowledgment
I acknowledge to the funding support from “MHRD project on center for
excellence on Water and Energy”, under training and research in frontiers
areas of science and technology (FAST 5-5/2014 TS VII) UGC and DST,
Banasthali University, Newai (Rajasthan) India.