Murray & Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine, 2-Volume Set, 6e

2918 Pages·2015·554.44 MB·English

Murray & Nadel’s
Textbook of Respiratory
Medicine
Murray & Nadel’s
Textbook of
Respiratory Medicine
SIXTH EDITION
Volume 1
Editor-in-Chief John F. Murray, MD, FRCP, DSc (Hon)
V. Courtney Broaddus, MD Professor Emeritus
John F. Murray Distinguished Professor of Medicine Department of Medicine
University of California San Francisco University of California San Francisco
Chief, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine San Francisco General Hospital
San Francisco General Hospital San Francisco, California
San Francisco, California Jay A. Nadel, MD, DSc (Hon), DLaw (Hon)
Professor of Medicine, Physiology, and Radiology
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
Editors Cardiovascular Research Institute
Robert J. Mason, MD University of California San Francisco
Cetalie & Marcel Weiss Chair in Pulmonary Medicine San Francisco, California
Department of Medicine
National Jewish Health Arthur S. Slutsky, MD
Denver, Colorado; Keenan Chair in Medicine
Professor of Medicine Professor of Medicine, Surgery and Biomedical Engineering
University of Colorado, Denver Health Sciences Center University of Toronto
Aurora, Colorado Vice President (Research)
St. Michael’s Hospital
Joel D. Ernst, MD Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka
Director, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Shing Knowledge Institute
Jeffrey Bergstein Professor of Medicine Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Professor of Medicine, Pathology and Microbiology
New York University School of Medicine
NYU Langone Medical Center Thoracic Imaging Editor
New York, New York Michael B. Gotway, MD
Talmadge E. King, Jr., MD Professor of Radiology
Julius R. Krevans Distinguished Professorship in Internal Mayo Clinic
Medicine Scottsdale, Arizona;
Chair, Department of Medicine Clinical Associate Professor
University of California San Francisco Diagnostic Radiology/Biomedical Imaging and Pulmonary/
San Francisco, California Critical Care Medicine
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging
Stephen C. Lazarus, MD University of California San Francisco,
Professor of Medicine San Francisco, California;
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Clinical Professor
Medicine University of Arizona College of Medicine
Director, Training Program in Pulmonary and Critical Care Phoenix, Arizona;
Medicine Adjunct Professor
Associate Director, Adult Pulmonary Laboratory Department of Biomedical Informatics
Senior Investigator, Cardiovascular Research Institute Arizona State University
University of California San Francisco Tempe, Arizona
San Francisco, California
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
MURRAY & NADEL’S TEXTBOOK OF RESPIRATORY MEDICINE, ISBN: 978-1-4557-3383-5
SIXTH EDITION Part Number: 9996096920 (Volume 1)
Part Number: 9996097048 (Volume 2)
Copyright © 2016, 2010, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission,
further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations
such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website:
www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher
(other than as may be noted herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this feld are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment
may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in
evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using
such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others,
including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identifed, readers are advised to check the
most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each
product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of
administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own
experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best
treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors,
assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products
liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions,
or ideas contained in the material herein.
Murray and Nadel’s textbook of respiratory medicine
Murray & Nadel’s textbook of respiratory medicine / editor-in-chief, V. Courtney Broaddus ; editors,
Robert J. Mason, Joel D. Ernst, Talmadge E. King Jr., Stephen C. Lazarus, John F. Murray, Jay A. Nadel,
Arthur S. Slutsky ; thoracic imaging editor, Michael B. Gotway.—6th edition.
p. ; cm.
Textbook of respiratory medicine
Preceded by Murray and Nadel’s textbook of respiratory medicine. 5th ed. / editors, Robert J.
Mason … [et al.]. ©2010.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 978-1-4557-3383-5 (alk. paper)
I. Broaddus, V. Courtney, editor. II. Mason, Robert J., editor. III. Title. IV. Title: Textbook of
respiratory medicine.
[DNLM: 1. Respiratory Tract Diseases. WF 140]
RC731
616.2—dc23
2015003994
Content Strategist: Helene Caprari
Content Development Specialist: Jennifer Shreiner
Publishing Services Manager: Catherine Jackson
Senior Project Manager: Mary Pohlman
Design Direction: Julia Dummitt
Printed in Canada
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
We dedicate this textbook to Dr. Julius H. Comroe, Jr., who was our mentor during the formative years of our
professional development. Dr. Comroe was one of the truly great academicians of his generation. He was an
investigator of exceptional merit, an educator whose infuence was worldwide, and a medical statesman of
exemplary integrity and vision. In dedicating this book, we acknowledge especially Dr. Comroe’s scholarly
contributions and his commitment to the importance of basic science in the solution of clinical problems.
Contributors
Lewis Adams, PhD Devanand Anantham, MBBS, MRCP
Professor of Physiology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Senior Consultant, Department of Respiratory and Critical
Griffth University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Assistant
Ch. 29 Dyspnea Professor of Medicine, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical
School, Singapore
Dan Elie Adler, MD Ch. 20 Ultrasonography
Division of Pneumology, University Hospital of Geneva,
Geneva, Switzerland Douglas A. Arenberg, MD, FACP, FACCP
Ch. 102 Noninvasive Ventilation Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary &
Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan School
Alvar Agusti, MD, PhD, FRCPE of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Professor, Hospital Clinic Universitat de Barcelona, Institut Ch. 55 Metastatic Malignant Tumors
Clinic del Torax, Barcelona, Spain Ch. 56 Benign Lung Tumors
Ch. 43 COPD: Pathogenesis and Natural History
Najib T. Ayas, MD, MPH
Evangelia Akoumianaki, MD Associate Professor of Respiratory Medicine, Head,
Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Geneva, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of British
Geneva, Switzerland Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Ch. 102 Noninvasive Ventilation Ch. 5 Respiratory System Mechanics and Energetics
Anthony J. Alberg, PhD, MPH Aranya Bagchi, MBBS
Blatt Ness Professor, Department of Public Health Clinical Fellow in Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesia,
Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical
Associate Director of Cancer Prevention and Control, School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,
Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Massachusetts
Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina Ch. 27 Preoperative Evaluation
Ch. 52 Epidemiology of Lung Cancer
John Randolph Balmes, MD
Kurt H. Albertine, PhD Professor of Medicine, Division of Occupational and
Professor of Pediatrics, Adjunct Professor of Medicine, Environmental Medicine, University of California San
and Neurobiology & Anatomy, University of Utah Francisco, San Francisco, California; Professor of
School of Medicine, Editor-in-Chief, The Anatomical Environmental Health Sciences, University of
Record, Salt Lake City, Utah California, Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley,
Ch. 1 Anatomy of the Lungs California
Ch. 74 Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution
Barbara D. Alexander, MD, MHS
Professor of Medicine and Pathology, Division of Niaz Banaei, MD
Infectious Diseases, Director, Transplant Infectious Assistant Professor, Departments of Pathology and
Disease Services, Head, Clinical Mycology Laboratory, Medicine (Division of Infectious Diseases and
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina Geographic Medicine), Stanford University School of
Ch. 38 Opportunistic Mycoses Medicine, Stanford, California; Director, Clinical
Microbiology Laboratory, Stanford University Medical
Paul H. Alflle, MD Center, Palo Alto, California
Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesia, Harvard Ch. 17 Microbiologic Diagnosis of Lung Infection
Medical School, Chief, Division of Neuro, Vascular and
Thoracic Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesia, Christopher F. Barnett, MD, MPH
Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology,
Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts University of California San Francisco, San Francisco,
Ch. 27 Preoperative Evaluation California
Ch. 59 Pulmonary Hypertension due to Lung Disease
vi
Contributors vii
Robert P. Baughman, MD Alfred A. Bove, MD, PhD
Professor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine, Cardiology
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Section, Temple University School of Medicine,
Cincinnati, Ohio Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Ch. 66 Sarcoidosis Ch. 78 Diving Medicine
Margaret R. Becklake, MBBCh, MD T. Douglas Bradley, MD
Professor Emeritus of Medical and Epidemiology, Professor and Director of the Division of Respirology and
Biostatistices and Occupational Health, McGill of the Centre for Sleep Medicine and Circadian
University, Honorary Physician, McGill University Neurobiology, University of Toronto, The Cliff Nordal
Health Centre, Montreal Chest Hospital Pavilion, Chair in Sleep Apnea and Rehabilitation Research
Montréal, Québec, Canada Medicine, University Health Network Toronto Rehab
Ch. 73 Pneumoconioses Foundation, and the University of Toronto, Director of
the Sleep Research Laboratories, University Health
Joshua O. Benditt, MD Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute and Toronto
Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Care Medicine, University of Washington School of Ch. 89 Central Sleep Apnea
Medicine, Director, Respiratory Care Services, University
of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington Elisabeth Brambilla, MD, PhD
Ch. 97 The Respiratory System and Neuromuscular Professor of Pathology, INSERM/Université Joseph Fourier,
Diseases Department of Pathology, Hôpital Michallon, Grenoble,
France
Neal L. Benowitz, MD Ch. 54 Rare Primary Lung Tumors
Professor of Medicine, Chief, Division of Clinical
Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, V. Courtney Broaddus, MD
University of California San Francisco, Departments of John F. Murray Distinguished Professor of Medicine,
Medicine and Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, Chief, Division
San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center, San of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San
Francisco, California Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California
Ch. 46 Smoking Hazards and Cessation Ch. 79 Pleural Effusion
Ch. 82 Pleural Tumors
Nirav R. Bhakta, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care, Laurent Brochard, MD
Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Interdepartmental Division Director for Critical Care
Francisco, San Francisco, California Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto,
Ch. 41 Asthma: Pathogenesis and Phenotypes Full Professor, Clinician Scientist, Department of
Medicine, Keenan Research Center for Biomedical
Anant D. Bhave, MD Science, Saint Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario,
Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, University Canada
of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont Ch. 102 Noninvasive Ventilation
Ch. 19 Thoracic Radiology: Invasive Diagnostic
Imaging and Image-Guided Interventions Malcolm V. Brock, MD
Associate Professor of Surgery, Department of Surgery,
Paul D. Blanc, MD, MSPH Division of Thoracic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical
Professor of Medicine, Endowed Chair in Occupational Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
and Environmental Medicine, University of California Ch. 52 Epidemiology of Lung Cancer
San Francisco, Chief, Division of Occupational and
Environmental Medicine, UCSF Medical Center, San Kevin K. Brown, MD
Francisco, California Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Medicine,
Ch. 75 Acute Responses to Toxic Exposures National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; Professor of
Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver School of
Eugene R. Bleecker, MD Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
Thomas H. Davis Professor of Medicine, Division of Ch. 60 Pulmonary Vasculitis
Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic
Diseases, Director, Center for Genomics and Paul G. Brunetta, MD
Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest School of Adjunct Associate Professor, Division of Pulmonary and
Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina Critical Care Medicine, University of California San
Ch. 45 Genetics in Asthma and COPD Francisco, Fontana Tobacco Treatment Center, Mt. Zion
Medical Center, San Francisco, California
Ch. 46 Smoking Hazards and Cessation
viii Contributors
Jacques Cadranel, MD, PhD Thomas V. Colby, MD
Professor of Respiratory Medicine, Université Pierre et Geraldine C. Zeiler Professor of Cytopathology, Laboratory
Marie Curie, Department of Respiratory Medicine, CHU Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale,
Paris Est-Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France Arizona
Ch. 54 Rare Primary Lung Tumors Ch. 63 Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias
Bartolome Celli, MD Harold R. Collard, MD
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Division Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, University of
of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and California San Francisco, Director, Interstitial Lung
Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Disease Program, UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco,
Ch. 105 Pulmonary Rehabilitation California
Ch. 67 Alveolar Hemorrhage and Rare Infltrative
Edward D. Chan, MD Diseases
Professor of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver
Anschutz Medical Campus, Staff Physician, Department Carlyne D. Cool, MD
of Medicine, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Clinical Professor of Pathology, Department of Pathology,
Staff Physician, Department of Academic Affairs, University of Colorado, Denver School of Medicine,
National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado Aurora, Colorado; Division of Pathology, National
Ch. 48 Bronchiectasis Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
Ch. 60 Pulmonary Vasculitis
Richard N. Channick, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Jean-François Cordier, MD
Director, Pulmonary Hypertension and Professor of Respiratory Medicine, Claude Bernard
Thromboendarterectomy Program, Massachusetts University, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Louis
General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Pradel University Hospital, Lyon, France
Ch. 58 Pulmonary Hypertension Ch. 54 Rare Primary Lung Tumors
Ch. 68 Eosinophilic Lung Diseases
Jean Chastre, MD
Professor, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Institut de Ricardo Luiz Cordioli, MD, PhD
Cardiologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, Medical Staff, Intensive Care, Albert Einstein Hospital,
France Medical Staff, Intensive Care, Oswaldo Cruz Hospital,
Ch. 34 Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia São Paulo, Brazil
Ch. 102 Noninvasive Ventilation
Guang-Shing Cheng, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Tamera J. Corte, MBBS, FRACP
and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, University
School of Medicine, Assistant Member, Clinical of Sydney Medical School, Consultant Respiratory
Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Physician, Interstitial Lung Disease Clinic, Royal Prince
Center, Seattle, Washington Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Ch. 83 Mediastinal Tumors and Cysts Ch. 65 Connective Tissue Diseases
Ch. 84 Pneumomediastinum and Mediastinitis
Vincent Cottin, MD, PhD
Kelly Chin, MD, MSCS Professor of Respiratory Medicine, Université Claude
Director, Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Internal Bernard Lyon 1, Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary
Medicine, Pulmonary Division, UT Southwestern, Diseases, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Louis Pradel Hospital,
Dallas, Texas Lyon, France
Ch. 58 Pulmonary Hypertension Ch. 68 Eosinophilic Lung Diseases
Kian Fan Chung, MD, DSc, FRCP Mark S. Courey, MD
Professor of Respiratory Medicine, Head of Experimental Professor of Clinical Otolaryngology, Department of
Studies Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of
Imperial College London, Consultant Physician, Royal California San Francisco, Director of Laryngology,
Brompton & Harefeld NHS Trust, London, United Medical Director, Voice and Swallowing Center, UCSF
Kingdom Medical Center, San Francisco, California
Ch. 30 Cough Ch. 49 Upper Airway Disorders
Pr Christine Clerici Robert L. Cowie, MD
Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hopitaux Professor, Departments of Medicine and of Community
Universitaires Paris Nord Val de Seine, INSERM U1152, Health Sciences, University of Calgary Faculty of
UFR de Médecine Paris Diderot, Paris 7, France Medicine, Respirologist, Department of Medicine,
Ch. 9 Alveolar Epithelium and Fluid Transport Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Ch. 73 Pneumoconioses
Contributors ix
Kristina Crothers, MD Gregory P. Downey, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Executive Vice President, Academic Affairs, Department
and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Professor,
School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington Department of Medicine and Integrated Department of
Ch. 90 Pulmonary Complications of HIV Infection Immunology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora,
Colorado
Gerard F. Curley, MB, MSc, PhD, FCAI Ch. 15 Injury and Repair
Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesia, University
of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Associate Scientist, Roland M. du Bois, MD, FRCP, FCCP
Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Emeritus Professor of Respiratory Medicine, Imperial
Michael’s Hospital, Staff Anesthesiologist, St. Michael’s College London, London, United Kingdom
Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Ch. 65 Connective Tissue Diseases
Ch. 86 Hypocapnia and Hypercapnia
Megan M. Dulohery, MD
Charles L. Daley, MD Instructor of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine,
Professor and Head, Division of Mycobacterial and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic,
Respiratory Infections, National Jewish Health, Denver, Rochester, Minnesota
Colorado; Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Ch. 71 Drug-Induced Pulmonary Disease
and Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases,
University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, Colorado Richard M. Effros, MD
Ch. 36 Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections Clinical Professor, Department of Medicine, LA Biomed/
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California;
J. Lucian Davis, MD, MAS Professor Emeritus, Department of Medicine, Medical
Associate Professor, Division of Pulmonary and Critical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Ch. 7 Acid-Base Balance
California San Francisco, San Francisco General
Hospital, San Francisco, California Mark D. Eisner, MD, MPH
Ch. 16 History of Physical Examination Senior Group Medical Director, Product Development,
Genentech, South San Francisco, California
Teresa De Marco, MD, FACC Ch. 74 Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution
Professor, Clinical Medicine and Surgery, R. H. and Jane G.
Logan Endowed Chair in Cardiology, Director, Advanced Brett M. Elicker, MD
Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension, Medical Associate Professor of Clinical Radiology, Department of
Director, Heart Transplantation, University of California Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of
San Francisco, San Francisco, California California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
Ch. 59 Pulmonary Hypertension due to Lung Disease Ch. 18 Thoracic Radiology: Noninvasive Diagnostic
Imaging
Stanley C. Deresinski, MD
Clinical Professor, Department of Medicine (Division of Armin Ernst, MD, MHCM
Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine), Stanford President and CEO, Reliant Medical Group, Professor of
University School of Medicine, Stanford, California Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston,
Ch. 17 Microbiologic Diagnosis of Lung Infection Massachusetts
Ch. 20 Ultrasonography
Christophe Deroose, MD, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of Nuclear Medicine & Joel D. Ernst, MD
Molecular Imaging, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Director, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology,
Belgium Jeffrey Bergstein Professor of Medicine, Professor of
Ch. 21 Positron Emission Tomography Medicine, Pathology and Microbiology, New York
University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical
Leland G. Dobbs, MD Center, New York, New York
Adjunct Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, University Ch. 35 Tuberculosis
of California San Francisco, Cardiovascular Research
Institute at UCSF, San Francisco, California John V. Fahy, MD, MSc
Ch. 8 Alveolar Epithelium and Pulmonary Surfactant Professor of Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy
and Sleep Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute,
Christophe Dooms, MD, PhD University of California San Francisco, San Francisco,
Assistant Professor, Department of Pneumology, Catholic California
University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Ch. 41 Asthma: Pathogenesis and Phenotypes
Ch. 21 Positron Emission Tomography
x Contributors
Peter F. Fedullo, MD Mark T. Gladwin, MD
Professor of Medicine and Chief of Staff, Division of Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and
Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Critical Care Medicine, Director, Heart, Lung, Blood and
California San Diego School of Medicine, UCSD Medical Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh
Center, San Diego, California School of Medicine, Division Chief, Pulmonary, Allergy
Ch. 57 Pulmonary Thromboembolism and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh
Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
David Feller-Kopman, MD, FACP Ch. 94 Pulmonary Complications of Hematologic
Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Diseases
Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Director,
Bronchoscopy & Interventional Pulmonology, Johns Robb W. Glenny, MD
Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland Professor, Departments of Medicine and of Physiology and
Ch. 22 Diagnostic Bronchoscopy Biophysics, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care
Ch. 23 Therapeutic Bronchoscopy Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine,
Seattle, Washington
Brett E. Fenster, MD, FACC, FASE Ch. 26 Clinical Exercise Testing
Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Cardiology,
Director, Pulmonary Hypertension Center, National Warren M. Gold, MD
Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado Professor of Medicine Emeritus, Senior Staff,
Ch. 31 Chest Pain Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of
California San Francisco, Attending Physician, Division
Tasha E. Fingerlin, MS, PhD of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care, Department of
Associate Professor, Departments of Epidemiology & Medicine, Mofftt-Long Hospitals, San Francisco,
Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado California
Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado Ch. 25 Pulmonary Function Testing
Ch. 3 Genetics of Lung Disease
Michael B. Gotway, MD
Andrew P. Fontenot, MD Professor of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona;
Henry N. Claman Professor of Medicine, University of Clinical Associate Professor, Diagnostic Radiology/
Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado Biomedical Imaging and Pulmonary/Critical Care
Ch. 13 Adaptive Immunity Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical
Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San
Stephen K. Frankel, MD, FCCM, FCCP Francisco, California; Clinical Professor, University of
Professor of Medicine, Chief Medical Offcer, National Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona; Adjunct
Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado; Professor of Medicine, Professor, Department of Biomedical Informatics,
University of Colorado, Denver School of Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
Aurora, Colorado Ch. 18 Thoracic Radiology: Noninvasive Diagnostic
Ch. 60 Pulmonary Vasculitis Imaging
Joe G. N. Garcia, MD Giacomo Grasselli, MD
Senior Vice President for Health Sciences, Department of Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine,
Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona University of Milan-Bicocca, Emergency Department,
Ch. 6 Pulmonary Circulation and Regulation of Fluid Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
Balance Ch. 103 Extracorporeal Support of Gas Exchange
G. F. Gebhart, PhD James M. Greenberg, MD
Professor of Anethesiology, Medicine, Neurobiology and Professor of Pediatrics, Director, Division of Neonatology,
Pharmacology, Director, Center for Pain Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Co-Director, Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s
Ch. 31 Chest Pain Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
Ch. 2 Lung Growth and Development
Daniel Lee Gilstrap, MD
Medical Instructor, Department of Medicine, Duke David E. Griffth, MD
University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina William A. and Elizabeth B. Moncrief Distinguished
Ch. 42 Asthma: Clinical Diagnosis and Management Professorship in Comprehensive Heart and Lung
Disease, Director of the Pulmonary and Critical Care
Nicolas Girard, MD, PhD Division, University of Texas Health Science Center,
Professor of Respiratory Medicine, Claude-Bernard Professor of Medicine, University of Texas Health
University, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Louis Science Center, Tyler, Texas; Medical Director, Texas
Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France Center for Infectious Disease, Assistant Medical Director,
Ch. 54 Rare Primary Lung Tumors Heartland National Tuberculosis Center, San Antonio,
Texas
Ch. 36 Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections
Contributors xi
James F. Gruden, MD Yoshikazu Inoue, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Director, Department of Diffuse Lung Diseases and
Arizona Respiratory Failure, National Hospital Organization
Ch. 18 Thoracic Radiology: Noninvasive Diagnostic Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
Imaging Ch. 69 Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
MeiLan King Han, MD, MS Michael D. Iseman, MD, FACP, FCCP
Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Professor of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary Medicine
and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan and Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado
School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan Anschutz Medical Campus, Staff Physician, Division of
Ch. 44 COPD: Clinical Diagnosis and Management Mycobacterial and Respiratory Infections, National
Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
William Henderson, MD, FRCPC Ch. 48 Bronchiectasis
Assistant Professor, Division of Critical Care Medicine,
Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British James E. Jackson, MBBS, MRCP, FRCR
Columbia, Canada Consultant Radiologist, Department of Imaging,
Ch. 5 Respiratory System Mechanics and Energetics Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
Ch. 61 Pulmonary Vascular Abnormalities
Nicholas S. Hill, MD
Chief, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Claudia V. Jakubzick, PhD
Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Professor of Medicine, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Integrated
Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Department of Immunology, National Jewish Health,
Massachusetts Denver, Colorado
Ch. 99 Acute Ventilatory Failure Ch. 12 Innate Immunity
Wynton Hoover, MD Julius P. Janssen, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina
and Sleep Medicine, University of Alabama at Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama Ch. 24 Thoracoscopy
Ch. 47 Cystic Fibrosis
James R. Jett, MD, FCCP
Philip C. Hopewell, MD Professor of Medicine (Oncology), Director, Clinical and
Professor of Medicine, Director, Curry International TB Translational Research Section, National Jewish Health,
Center, University of California San Francisco, San Denver, Colorado
Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California Ch. 53 Clinical Aspects of Lung Cancer
Ch. 35 Tuberculosis
Kirk Jones, MD
Jennifer L. Horan-Saullo, MD, PharmD Professor of Medicine, Department of Pathology,
Instructor, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious University of California San Francisco, San Francisco,
Diseases, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina California
Ch. 38 Opportunistic Mycoses Ch. 50 Bronchiolitis and Other Intrathoracic Airway
Disorders
Richard L. Horner, PhD
Professor, Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Marc A. Judson, MD
University of Toronto, Canada Research Chair in Sleep Chief, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,
and Respiratory Neurobiology, Toronto, Ontario, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
Canada Ch. 66 Sarcoidosis
Ch. 85 Control of Breathing and Upper Airways
During Sleep Midori Kato-Maeda, MD, MS
Associate Professor of Medicine, University of California
Laurence Huang, MD, MAS San Francisco, San Francisco General Hospital, San
Professor of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, California
Francisco, Chief, HIV/AIDS Chest Clinic, San Francisco Ch. 35 Tuberculosis
General Hospital, San Francisco, California
Ch. 90 Pulmonary Complications of HIV Infection Brian P. Kavanagh, MB, FRCPC
Professor, Departments of Anesthesia, Physiology &
Gérard Huchon, MD Medicine, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine,
Professor of Medicine (Respiratory Diseases), Service de Dr. Geoffrey Barker Chair of Critical Care Medicine,
Pneumologie, Université Paris 5 René Descartes, Paris, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
France Ch. 86 Hypocapnia and Hypercapnia
Ch. 93 Pulmonary Complications of Abdominal
Diseases