MIL-STD-444, Nomenclature and Definitions In the Ammunition Area

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M IL-STD-444
6 February 1959
M ILITARY STANDARD
NOMENCLATURE AND DEFINITIONS IN THE
AMMUNITION AREA
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MiUSTD-444
6 February 1959
ARMED FORCES SUPPLY SUPPORT CENTER
STANDARDIZATION DIVISION
WASHINGTON 25, D. C.
Nomenclature and Definitions
in the Ammunition Area
MIL-STD-444 6 February 1959
1. This standard has been approved by the Department of Defense
and is mandatory for use by the Departments of the Army, the Navy, and
the Air Force, effective 6 February 1959.
2. In accordance with established procedure, the Ordnance Corps,
and the the Bureau of Ordnance, Air Force, have been designated as
Army-Navy-Air Force custodians of this standard,
3. Recommended corrections, additions, or deletions should be ad­
dressed to the Standardization Division, Aimed Forces Supply Support
Center, Washington 25, D.C.
ii
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Mllr-STD-444
6 February 1939
FOREWORD
The purpose of this standard is to establish uniform definitions for
ammunition items and terms in order that engineering, procurement,
inspection and other interested personnel of the Army, Navy, and Air
* v/i. vv WtnlluT n+ili'fo imic taKaumuac fv Aa.i ^lunmiuAvlinvO^rjr nttr u^Acir a o waIiaaUIa tvAu oauimmiilantr n nrl
common interest items. !
Every effort should be made to use the terms contained herein for the
items to which they apply, and to avoid applying the terms to items not
complying with the definitions given. However, since the coverage of the
standard cannot be complete at any given time, it is not intended that the
fofmulation of new terms to cover new items shall be discouraged. When
possible, the basic name of an existing item should be employed, with am­
plifying or restricting definitions as required.
Compliance with this standard will promote uniformity among and
within the services as to the nature of the item named and will tend to
reduce misunderstandings or disagreements as to the meaning of a term
when used.
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M1L-STD-444
6 jFtbnmy 1959
CONTENT*
1. SCOPE .............................................................................................. 1
1.1 Scope ........::................................................................................ 1
i1 *.n£ a AppiiUttUUU ’ .............................*****4..................................*........... 1A
2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS ................................................... 1
3. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS....................................................... 2
3.1 Terminology ....................:......................................................... 2
10. APPENDIX....................................................................................... 150
10.1 Abbreviations .............................................................................. 150
iv
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MlUSTD-444
6 February 1959
L SCOPE
LX Scope. This standard constitutes an un­ small letters, with capitals where applicable.
classified document for the three services of Commonly used abbreviations are given in
the Department of Defense, listing: and de­ parentheses following principal entries. For
fining commonly used ammunition items and convenience, these abbreviations are pre­
components, and terms having particular sented in an alphabetical list to be found in
significance in the ammunition area. This the appendix. .
area includes, but is not limited to, FSC
Following each entry of item name with
Group 13, Ammunition and Explosives, as
its definition, there are given, in most in­
defined in Cataloging Handbook H2-1.
stances, examples of items of issue carrying
This standard contains as principal en­ the basic item name, with such qualifying
tries all items in FSC Group 13, together terms and model designations as are used by
with a limited number of closely allied items the using service or services to distinguish
in other FSC Groups, which are assigned the particular item from other items having
names approved and published by the Cata­ the same item name. The examples in each
loging Division of the Armed Forces Supply case are merely illustrative of the item no­
Center: other items selected from supply menclature, are not necesarily complete list­
publications of the Army, Navy and Air ings, and may not be the latest models. For
Force; and additional terms which have par­ authentic information on current models
ticular significance in the ammunition area. reference should be made to the appropriate
Entries are made alphabetically by word, for service supply publications.
example, all entries of "bomb,-------” would
Abbreviations, when used, shall be in ac­
precede the entry "bomb'blast”. The expres­
cordance with the latest issue of MIL-STD-
sion “Ammo nomen", appearing immediately
12. The appendix, section 10, is a compila­
after an entry, signifies that the definition is
tion, in alphabetical arrangement, of the
intended to give the meaning of the entry
abbreviations in the ammunition area which
only as used in ammunition nomenclature.
have a sufficient degree of recognition by
Those items which occur as item names in widespread use as to constitute a basis for
the Cataloging Handbook H6-1, and terms official recognition. The abbreviation is the
of equal significance abstracted from the principal entry, followed by the meaning and
service supply publications and from Cat­ such other information, briefly stated, as
aloging Handbook H3, have been distin­ may be necessary for intelligent use.
I
guished by being entered in bold face capi­
tal letters. Those additional term3 which 1.2 Application. This standard is applicable
are included and defined as having particular to items and components thereof used in all
significance in the ammunition field are dis­ types of ammunition other than guided
tinguished by being entered in bold face missiles and atomic ordnance.
2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
2.1 The following documents of the latest STANDARDS
issue form a part of this standard:
MIL-STD-12 Abbreviations for use
on Drawings and
Technical - T y p e
Publications.
1
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M&-STD-444
6 M hwh7 1959
3. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
3.1 Terminology. The following terms experienced in the case of nonaimable
and definitions are applicable to this stand­ adapters.
ard: See also: cluster, aimable
ACOUSTIC SYSTEM, UNDERWATER
A Tt A PTTIR rT.riQ Tirn ROM R
MINE
A mechanical device by means of which
A group of electrical items specifically de­
several bombs are suspended in the
signed to give audible and graphic
bomb station for one bomb.
signals of underwater sound. It is used
ADAPTER, CLUSTER, BOMB: M3
a signaling system to detect a ship
ADAPTER, CLUSTER, BOMB: M14
approaching a harbor.
(w/shpg bnds for fragmentation
ACOUSTIC SYSTEM, UNDER­
bomb cluster, M27)
MINE: MARK 6 MOD 0
A D A P T E R , CLUSTER, BOMB:
MARK 4 MOD 0 (w/pistol assem­
ACTIVATOR, ANTITANK MINE
bly)
A nomnetallic item designed to adapt a
firing device to an antitank mine. It may
ADAPTER, CLUSTER, ROCKET
be empty, inert filled, or explosive filled.
A mechanical device by means of which
ACTIVATOR. ANTITANK MINE:
several rockets are suspended ?m_ mj.1___e_
Ml
rocket station for one rocket.
ACTIVATOR, ANTITANK MINE:
ADAPTER, CLUSTER, ROCKET:
HE, M2 (RDX-loaded)
aero, 6A launcher, 2.75-inch rocket
ACTIVATOR, ANTITANK MINE:
ail
ADAPTER, FIRING MECHANISM
actuator, explosive An adapter designed to facilitate the
See: CARTRIDGE, INITIATOR mounting of a firing mechanism in an
underwater mine.
sdamsite (DM)
See: CHEMICAL AGENT, DIPHENYL-
AMINECHLOROARSINE (DM) ADAPTER, FUZE
An adapter designed to connect a fuze to
adapted for VT fuze Ammo nomen
a bomb. It may or may not provide con- ;
Indicates that the munition has a cavity
nection for a parachute unit. :
for the fuze, usually with a liner, with
ADAPTER, FUZE: M202 '
dimensions such that it will receive a
ADAPTER, FUZE: for bomb fuze,
FUZE, PROXIMITY.
MARK 219 MOD 0
adapter, cluster, aimable
*A«n* A n A P TA in j VPTUTUfkC)T 1' CA’ittVJ f nWn7iDt/1rUa ,U,„O~C1U ADAPTER, GRENADE PROJECTION
to hold the bombs together in an outer An adapter designed for attachment,to a
case so as to enable aiming and drop­ hand grenade to facilitate firing from a
ping the bombs bv ordinary bombing rifle and to stabilize the grenade in
methods, tls ballistic characteristics are flight.
such as to permit application of normal ADAPTER. GRENADE I'KUJttL:-
1 1 .
aiming and dropping techniques and to TION: Ml
confine the dispersion of contained ADAPTER, GRENADE PROJEC-
bombs to a smaller target area than is TION: chemical M2A1
2
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MIL-STD—444
6 Fsfanwry 1959
ITkAiyTOD DOTl/TMr! AFTERBODY AND TAIL, TORPEDO .
AJ/AI lAAf fAWJttUV-
A conical-shaped item which includes the
As adapter designed to secure an electric
propulsion unit, starting mechanism,
or nonelectric blasting cap, a detonating
and control mechanism of a torpedo.
cord, or a time blasting fuse in the acti­
AFTERBODY AND TAIL, TOR­
vator
ADAPTER, PRIMING: explosive, PEDO : MARK 28 MOD 3
M1A2
after jet effect -
adapter, rocket Pertaining to functioning of shaped
An adapter for launching rockets of dif­ change ammunition. Postulated issuing
ferent sizes. 4 of the jet from the slug long after col­
lapse of the liner is complete. Also
ADAPTER-BOOSTER, BOMB called extrusion effect, toothpaste tube
A device designed to accommodate an effect
A T“» A (VI^OO T?TT>/ V n-n/J n*i AitvilUnr nY-
Al/AJTl£JfV, e Uti£i OUU 4U »UAUI«*J
plosive charge used in on explosive train AIR FLASK, TORPEDO
to detonate a bomb. It is essentially a A cylindrical item having various com­
reducing bushing threaded on the out­ partments for housing compressed air,
side for assembly in the bomb body and fuel, water and/or chemicals, which
on the inside for receiving a fuze and . when combined form the propelling
has assembled thereto an auxiliary ex­ charge of aerial and underwater torpe­
plosive charge. Designed for use in the does. .
nose, or in the tail, of a bomb. AIR FLASK, TORPEDO: MARK 16
AnAP'ruvn-Rnn.QT'uvn pn\ra< im«. UAn £
iuv>u y
M117
air space
ADAPTER-BOOSTER, BOMB: tail,
1. See: standoff. 2. The space between the
M102
top of the propellant;and the base of the
ADAPTER-BOOSTER, BOMB, tail,
ill fVlH Wrt'l*al1v TMsitiOned
empty, Ml 15A1 yi UJ bUb 1U V*»W ' '-*■ "* —■ * ■/ i----------------------------
assembled cartridge.
ADAPTER-BOOSTER AND ADAPTER- alined
BOOSTER HOLDER ASSEMBLY Of an explosive train: Arranged in such
nA u^AciiriiwiiAc Av,A\nsiajiaDio^utHujf5f vft*# .flit AHAPTTilP- order that the detonation wave can pro=
BOOSTER, BOMB and a circular pagate as required for functioning. As
‘I
threaded metal housing. It is designed pertains to shaped charge ammunition,
to hold and position an ADAPTER- the coincidence of charge axis and liner
BOOSTER, BOMB in a bomb body. axis in order to give optimum perform­
ance.
additive, propellant
Any material added to the basic formula­ all aluminum Ammo nomen
tion of a propellant composition, to ac­ Indicates cartridge case is made entirely
complish some special purpose. Addi­ of aluminum. Used in connection with
tives are used to improve stability, to shotgun type cartridges.
reduce flash or smoke, to reduce erosion
or coppering, and the like. In general, all brass Ammo nomen
additives are present in small propor­ Indicates cartridge case is made entirely
tions, and do not affect the heat of ex­ - of'brass. Used in connection with shot­
plosion to an appreciable degree. gun type cartridges..
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MH-STD-444
6 hhiwry 1939
aluminized explosive as an ingredient of binary explosives,
An explosive to which aluminum has been dynamites and cratering explosives.
added. The aluminum, in flaked or Amatol (which see) is an example of
powdered form, is incorporated into the the use of ammonium nitrate in a bin­
explosive to increase the blast effect. ary explosive.
Examples of aluminized explosives In­
ammonium picrate
clude ammonal. HBX's, and tritonaL
See: Explosive D. -
amatol
ammunition (ammo)
A high explosive made of a mixture of
(From munition by taking Fr. la muni­
. ammonium nitrate and trinitrotoluene
tion as I'ammunition.) 1. A generic term
(TNT). There are two main types,
which includes all manner of missiles to
classified according to the percentage
be thrown against an enemy, such as
ratio of ammonium nitrate to TNT:
bullets, projectiles, rockets, grenades,
50-50 amatol, which is capable of being
torpedoes, bombs and guided missiles
melt loaded (cast), and 80-20 amatol,
with their necessary propellants,
which must be consolidated by pressing
primers, fuzes, detonators and charges
or extruding. This explosive has ap­
of conventional explosive, nuclear ex­
proximately the same explosive force as
plosive, chemical or other materials.
TNT and has been used as the bursting
2. In the broadest sense the term is not
charge for projectiles and bombs when
limited to those materials to be thrown,
toluene, used in the manufacture of
nor to use against am enemy, but in­
TNT, was in short supply.
cludes, in addition to the items and
materials given in sense 1, all ex­
amber star, cluster Ammo nomen
plosives, explosive devices, pyrotechnics
Indicates, in the case of a SIGNAL,
and pyrotechnic devices. The purpose is
ILLUMINATION, GROUND, a cluster
not limited and; includes, in addition to
of several freely falling amber stars
direct use against an enemy, such uses
(lights).
as illumination, signaling, saluting,
mining,, digging, cutting, accelerating,
>. amber 3tar, parachute Ammo nomen
decelerating separating, catapulting
\ Indicates, in the case of* a SIGNAL,
personnel or material, operating or
ILLUMINATION, GROUND, a single
stopping mechanisms, demolition, de­
amber star (light), parachute sup­
coying, practice, training, guarding,
ported.
game hunting and pure sport. 3. In the
ammonal most restricted sense the term includes
A High explosive mixture, made of am­ a complete round and all i its components,
monium nitrate, trinitrotoluene (TNT), that is. the material required forcing
and flaked or powdered aluminum. a weapon such as a pistol, rifle, or can­
When used as a bursting charge in pro­ non, from which a projectile is thrown
jectiles, it produces high temperature for inflicting damage upon an enemy.
and bright flash on detonation. Generally the term is used or taken in
its broadest sense (sense 2) unless a
ammonium nitrate more restricted sense is indicated, or is
One of the most insensitive and stable implied by the context. ,
high explosives. Because of the difficul­
ty of initiating detonation it is not used ammunition, artillery rJ
atone as an explosive, but has found use See: artillery ammunition. ‘
; 4 . ■
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AAIL-STD—444
6 February 1959
ammunition, amall aims ANCHOR, UNDERWATER MINE:
See: small arms ammunition. MARK 6 MOD 14
ammunition data card angle of entry
Identification card prepared for each in­ Acute angle between the tangent at the
dividual lot manufactured; giving1 the point of impact of a bomb or projectile
type and composition of the ammunition and the perpendicular to the surface .of
and identifying its components by lot the ground or target at the point of im­
number and manufacturer. When neces­ pact. It is the complement of the angle
sary, may also include instructions for of impact (which see). Also called angle
holding the ammunition. of obliquity and angle of incidence.
Ammunition Identification Code (AIC) angle of impact ,
Superseded code symbol formerly assigned The acute angle between the tangent to
to each item of Array ammunition for the trajectory at the point of impact of
identification and supply purposes, e.g., a projectile and the plane tangent to the
P5HBA. First two characters referred surface of the ground or target at the
to the pertinent ordnance catalog, and point of impact. The complement of the
the remaining three characters to the angle of entry (which see).
weapon group, type and model, and
angle of incidence " ■
packaging. The Department of Defense
See: angle of entry.
Ammunition Code (which see) is now
normally employed for the purposes in­ angle of obliquity
dicated. See: angle of entry.
ammunition lot antiaircraft (AA)
A quantity of rounds or components, each Used, or designed to be used, against air­
of which is manufactured by one manu­ borne aircraft.
facturer under uniform conditions, and
antiamor
which is expected to function in a uni­
Of ammunition, bombs, bullets, projec­
form manner. The lot is designated and
tiles, or the like, designed to defeat
identified by assignment of an ammuni­
armor and other resistant targets.
tion-lot number and preparation of an
ammunition data card.
antilift device
See also: ammunition data card; ammuni­
A device arranged to detonate the land
tion lot number; lot
mine to which it is attached, or to de­
f ammunition lot number tonate another mine or charge nearby,
Code number that identifies a particular if the mine is disturbed. The device
ammunition lot. The number is assigned causes detonation through a secondary
to each lot when it is manufactured. fuze called an ACTIVATOR, ANTI­
See also: ammunition lot TANK MINE.
antipersonnel (apers)
ANCHOR, UNDERWATER MINE Of projectiles, bombs, mines, or the like,
An item designed in various shapes to
designed to kill, wound, or obstruct
moor an underwater mine at a prede­
personnel.
termined depth. It may contain various
releasing and securing devices which antiremoval device
can be manually fixed for use in any A device attached toj a land mine to pro­
given depth of water. tect it against removal. Usually attached
5
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MIUSTD-444
6 Hbnmr 1959
to the mine either on the bottom or on applique armor
the side, designed to function when a Material or attachment which can be in­
pull is exerted on the mine at the time stalled on a tank to give it additional
of removal, or when pressure is released protection against kinetic or nonkinetic
from the device when the mine is lifted energy ammunition.
from its position. Detonation is by a
ARBOR, DEPTH CHARGE
secondary fuze called an ACTIVATOR,
An item designed to provide a means of
ANTITANK MINE.
launching and supporting of a depth
charge in a depth charge gun.
antiricochet device
a nr»rtT> n-nnmrv nt< a & t-» t r
Device intended for attachment -to bombs A ti& U tt., UCiC LO. CflA-KCifi! JXLAtM.
6 MOD 3
to prevent ricochet, with consequent
loss of effectiveness and possible danger arm
to the dropping plane. The device usual­ To make ammunition ready for detona­
ly consists of a parachute unit, fu2e tion, as by removal of safety devices or
adapter and fuze, and is attached to the alignment of the explosive elements in
tail end of the bomb. The bomb is slow­ the explosive train of the fuze.
ed by the parachute, enabling the drop­
ARM, MOORING
ping plane to pass beyond the danger
An arm designed to properly position an
area before the bomb is detonated.
underwater mine in relation to the un­
derwater mine anchor.
antitank (AT)
ARM, MOORING: for underwater
Used, or designed to be used, against
mine, MARK 10 MODS 3 and 6
tanks.
arming ■
antiwithdrawal device .
As applied to fuzes, the changing from a
A device intended to function an item of
3afe condition to a state of readiness
ammunition if attempt is made to re­
for functioning. Generally a fuze is
move a fuze from the ammunition. May
caused to arm by such means as ae-
be an integral part of the fuze, or a
coleration, rotation, clock mechanism,
separate unit.
chemical action, electrical action, or air
See also: fuze, anti withdrawal.
travel, or by a combination of these.
anvil
ARMING DELAY, BOMB FUZE
The rigid metal part against which the
A mechanical pyrotechnic or electrical de­
explosive charge in a PRIMER, PER­
vice designed for attachment to a fuze
CUSSION is compressed by the blow of
to delay the start of fuze arming.
the firing pin.
ARMING DELAY, BOMB FUZE:
M1A1
apipal angle ' i .
In general the angle formed at the apex arming device . ■
or tip of anything. As applied to pro­ Device for arming (which see) of a fuze
jectiles, the angle between the tangents under controlled conditions. yi
to the curve outlining the contour of
the' projectile at its tip, or for semi­ ARMING DEVICE, ROCKET WARHEAD
apical angle, the angle between the axis An item designed to arm and control the #
and one of the tangents. For a projec­ initiation of the explosive train of the
tile having a conical tip, the cone apex _ warhead of a ROCKET, HIGH EX­
angle. PLOSIVE, (as modified). It may or
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