Microbial Beta Glucanases: Molecular Structure, Functions and Applications

201 Pages·2022·5.854 MB·English

by  N.S. Pradeep, Lekshmi K. Edison

Interdisciplinary Biotechnological Advances
N. S. Pradeep
Lekshmi K. Edison Editors
Microbial Beta
Glucanases
Molecular Structure, Functions
and Applications
Interdisciplinary Biotechnological Advances
SeriesEditors
Jayanta Kumar Patra, Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk
University,Ilsandong,Goyang,Kyonggi-do,Korea(Republicof)
GitishreeDas,ResearchInstituteofIntegrativeLifeSciences,DonggukUniversity,
Goyang,Korea(Republicof)
This series isan authoritative resource that explainsrecent advances and emerging
directionsinbiotechnology,reflectingtheforefrontofresearchclearlyandreliably,
without excessive hype. Each volume is written by authors with excellent reputa-
tionsandacknowledgedexpertiseinthetopicunderdiscussion.Thevolumesspan
the entire field from an interdisciplinary perspective, covering everything from
biotechnology principles and methods to applications in areas including genetic
engineering, transgenic plants and animals, environmental problems, genomics,
proteomics, diagnosis of disease, gene therapy, and biomedicine. The significance
oftheseapplicationsfortheachievementofUNSustainableDevelopmentGoalsis
highlighted. The series will be highly relevant for Master’s and PhD students in
Biotechnology,Nanochemistry,BiochemicalEngineering,andMicrobiology,med-
ical students, academic and industrial researchers, agricultural scientists, farmers,
clinicians,industrypersonnel,andentrepreneurs.
(cid:129)
N. S. Pradeep Lekshmi K. Edison
Editors
Microbial Beta Glucanases
Molecular Structure, Functions
and Applications
Editors
N.S.Pradeep LekshmiK.Edison
KSCSTE-MalabarBotanicalGarden RajivGandhiCentreforBiotechnology(RGCB)
andInstituteforPlantSciences Thiruvananthapuram,Kerala,India
Kozhikode,Kerala,India
ISSN2730-7069 ISSN2730-7077 (electronic)
InterdisciplinaryBiotechnologicalAdvances
ISBN978-981-19-6465-7 ISBN978-981-19-6466-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6466-4
©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSingapore
PteLtd.2022
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether
thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseof
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and
transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by
similarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.
Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication
doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant
protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
The publisher, the authors, and the editorsare safeto assume that the adviceand informationin this
bookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor
theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany
errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictional
claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations.
ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.
The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721,
Singapore
Preface
Enzymesarenaturallyevolvedbiocatalystsdesignedwithprecisesuitableregulatory
mechanismswhichhelpthecellstosurviveinextremeenvironmentalconditionsby
catalysingmostlyallthechemicalandbiochemicalreactions.Currently,morethan
3000 diverse enzymes have been discovered but only very less is commercially
exploited.Microbesarethemostpreferredsourceforindustrialenzymesbecauseof
the easy obtainability and rapid growth rate. The global enzyme market has been
rapidly growing over the recent years on account of intensifying awareness and
disseminationofindustrialenzymesinnumerousindustrialsectors.
Biotechnologyhasadirectinfluenceontheindustrialsectors,suchasfood,feed,
healthcare, environment and energy, which are mainly focused on socio-
environmental essentials, especially economic forces. The understanding of appli-
cations in disciplines such as microbiology, biochemistry, bioprocess engineering,
genetics and molecular biology merging with the dependency in low energy con-
sumption, utilization of renewable feed stock and environmentally favourable
processingpotentiallyledtoimprovedindustrialproductionalongwithsustainable
development.
Microorganismsarethemostpreferredsourcesforindustrialenzymesbecauseof
easy obtainability,andrapid growthrate. Microorganismshavebeen utilized since
ancienthumancivilizationasearlyas6000BC.Theprospectsoftheuseofenzymes
from microbial sources in industrial sectors have increased significantly in the
twenty-first century and endlessly increasing to encounter the demand of promptly
growing population and cope with the exhaustion of natural resources. Beta-
glucanase are group of carbohydrate enzymes that hydrolyse glycosidic bonds
withintheinsolubleβ-glucansubstrates,whichareunabletobedigestedbyanimals
easily.Theseenzymesarecharacterizedextensivelyinmicroorganismslikebacteria,
fungiandalsoinplants.Theyhaveappreciableecologicalimplicationandcommer-
cial applications in established biotechnological industries, viz. brewing and wine
production, textile industry, animal feed industry, waste treatments, coffee
processing,biofuelproductionandmanymore.
v
vi Preface
This volume contains 12 chapters covering topics related to beta-glucanases.
Though the focus is on microbial sources, it also describes other sources of beta-
glucanaseanditsapplications.Wedobelievethatthisbookcanprovideinformation
tovarioussectors,viz.academia,industryandanyonewhohastheinteresttohandle
thesetopicseitherasateacherorasaresearcher.
Wearethankfultotheauthorswhocontributedtothisvolume.Oursincerethanks
toallthosewhohelpedusineditingandinspiredusinourway.
Kerala,India N.S.Pradeep
LekshmiK.Edison
Contents
1 Beta-Glucanases:AnIntroduction,MarketingDynamics
andIndustrialApplications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
LekshmiK.EdisonandN.S.Pradeep
2 StructureandClassificationofBeta-Glucanases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
LekshmiK.Edison,KarthikMenon,andN.S.Pradeep
3 Beta-Glucanase:DiverseBacterialSourcesanditsApplications. . . 33
P.Nisha
4 Beta-Glucanases:SourcesandProductionfromFungi. . . . . . . . . . 51
ShwetaKulshreshthaandVinaySharma
5 Beta-GlucanasesinAnimalNutrition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
LekshmiK.Edison,V.M.Ragitha,andN.S.Pradeep
6 Beta-GlucanaseinBreweries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
LekshmiK.Edison,S.R.Reji,andN.S.Pradeep
7 ApplicationsofMicrobialBeta-GlucanaseinCropImprovement
UnderBioticandAbioticStress. . . .. . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. 99
YachanaJha
8 ExploitationofActinobacteriaforBeta-Glucanolytic
Enzymes—ScreeningandCharacterization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
LekshmiK.Edison,S.Anu,andN.S.Pradeep
9 StructuralCharacterizationofBeta-Glucanasefrom
Actinobacteria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
LekshmiK.Edison,T.G.Nandu,andN.S.Pradeep
10 ApplicationofCodonOptimizationandRecombinant
ExpressionofBeta-Glucanases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
LekshmiK.Edison,VipinMohanDan,andN.S.Pradeep
vii
viii Contents
11 IndustrialProductionandPurificationofRecombinant
Beta-Glucanases. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
LekshmiK.Edison,P.K.Satheeshkumar,andN.S.Pradeep
12 BiotechnologicalAvenuesinHybridBeta-Glucanases. . . . . . . . . . . 187
LekshmiK.Edison,K.Anu,andN.S.Pradeep
Editors and Contributors
About the Editors
N. S. Pradeep is currently working as a principal scientist at KSCSTE-Malabar
BotanicalGardenandtheInstituteforPlantSciences,Kozhikode,Kerala,India.He
obtainedhisPh.D.fromGandhigramUniversity,Madurai,India.Hehasmorethan
25 years of research experience in various fields of plant science. Dr. Pradeep has
publishedseveralresearchpapersinnationalandinternationaljournalsandhasone
patenttohiscredit.TwelvestudentsobtainedPh.D.underhismentorshipsofar.He
is the author/editor of several books and life member of the Association of Micro-
biologistsofIndia,MushroomSocietyofIndia,theIndianMycologicalSociety,the
IndianScienceCongressAssociationandtheKeralaAcademyofSciences,among
others.He isalso a fellow of theKerala Academy ofSciences. Dr. Pradeep isalso
associatedwiththeKeralaStateBiodiversityBoardinvariouscapacities.Hismajor
area of interest is biodiversity and biotechnology. Dr. Pradeep is also actively
involved in science popularization and training, and he was a research committee
member of the Integrated Rural Technology Centre, Kerala, India. Currently, he is
thegoverningcouncilmemberoftheSophisticatedTestandInstrumentationCentre
(STIC), Kochi, and task force member of the women’s biotechnology programs,
Dept.ofBiotechnology,Govt.ofIndia.
Lekshmi K. Edison was born in Kerala, India. She received her undergraduate
degree in zoology and master’s degree in biotechnology from Mahatma Gandhi
University, Kottayam, Kerala, India, and postgraduate diploma in bioinformatics
from Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. She obtained her
doctoral degree in biotechnology from the University of Kerala in 2019 under the
supervision of Dr. N. S. Pradeep at KSCSTE-JNTBGRI, Palode, Trivandrum. The
focus of her thesis was structural characterization and heterologous production of
beta-glucanasesfromStreptomycesspecies.Shethensecuredtheresearchassociate
fellowshipfromtheDepartmentofBiotechnology,GovernmentofIndia,andstarted
postdoctoral research at Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology (RGCB),
ix