Matthew

1.37 MB·English

by  D. A. Carson

Cover Page: 1
Title Page Page: 1
Copyright Page Page: 2
Contents Page: 2
Contributors Page: 3
Preface Page: 7
Abbreviations Page: 9
Matthew Page: 22
Introduction Page: 24
I. PROLOGUE: THE ORIGIN AND BIRTH OF JESUS THE CHRIST (1:1–2:23) Page: 85
A. The Genealogy of Jesus (1:1–17) Page: 85
B. The Birth of Jesus (1:18–25) Page: 95
C. The Visit of the Magi (2:1–12) Page: 107
D. The Escape to Egypt (2:13–15) Page: 117
E. The Massacre of Bethlehem’s Boys (2:16–18) Page: 120
F. The Return to Nazareth (2:19–23) Page: 123
II. THE GOSPEL OF THE KINGDOM (3:1–7:29) Page: 126
A. Narrative (3:1–4:25) Page: 126
1. Foundational steps (3:1–4:11) Page: 126
a. The ministry of John the Baptist (3:1–12) Page: 126
b. The baptism of Jesus (3:13–17) Page: 134
c. The temptation of Jesus (4:1–11) Page: 139
2. Jesus’ early Galilean ministry (4:12–25) Page: 143
a. The beginning (4:12–17) Page: 144
b. Calling the first disciples (4:18–22) Page: 147
c. Spreading the news of the kingdom (4:23–25) Page: 149
B. First Discourse: The Sermon on the Mount (5:1–7:29) Page: 151
1. Setting (5:1–2) Page: 158
2. The kingdom of heaven: its norms and witness (5:3–16) Page: 159
a. The norms of the kingdom (5:3–12) Page: 159
(1) The Beatitudes (5:3–10) Page: 159
(2) Expansion (5:11–12) Page: 166
b. The witness of the kingdom (5:13–16) Page: 168
(1) Salt (5:13) Page: 168
(2) Light (5:14–16) Page: 169
3. The kingdom of heaven: its demands in relation to the OT (5:17–48) Page: 171
a. Jesus and the kingdom as fulfillment of the OT (5:17–20) Page: 171
b. Application: the antitheses (5:21–48) Page: 180
(1) Vilifying anger and reconciliation (5:21–26) Page: 181
(2) Adultery and purity (5:27–30) Page: 184
(3) Divorce and remarriage (5:31–32) Page: 185
(4) Oaths and truthfulness (5:33–37) Page: 186
(5) Personal injury and self-sacrifice (5:38–42) Page: 188
(6) Hatred and love (5:43–47) Page: 190
c. Conclusion: the demand for perfection (5:48) Page: 194
4. Religious hypocrisy: its description and overthrow (6:1–18) Page: 196
a. The principle (6:1) Page: 196
b. Three examples (6:2–18) Page: 197
(1) Alms (6:2–4) Page: 197
(2) Prayer (6:5–15) Page: 198
(3) Fasting (6:16–18) Page: 209
5. Kingdom perspectives (6:19–34) Page: 210
a. Metaphors for unswerving loyalty to kingdom values (6:19–24) Page: 211
(1) Treasure (6:19–21) Page: 211
(2) Light (6:22–23) Page: 212
(3) Slavery (6:24) Page: 213
b. Uncompromised trust (6:25–34) Page: 213
(1) The principle (6:25) Page: 214
(2) The examples (6:26–30) Page: 214
(3) Distinctive living (6:31–32) Page: 216
(4) The heart of the matter (6:33) Page: 216
(5) Abolishing worry (6:34) Page: 217
6. Balance and perfection (7:1–12) Page: 218
a. The danger of being judgmental (7:1–5) Page: 218
(1) The principle (7:1) Page: 218
(2) The theological justification (7:2) Page: 219
(3) An example (7:3–5) Page: 219
b. The danger of being undiscerning (7:6) Page: 220
c. Source and means of power (7:7–11) Page: 221
d. Balance and perfection (7:12) Page: 223
7. Conclusion: call to decision and commitment (7:13–27) Page: 224
a. Two ways (7:13–14) Page: 224
b. Two trees (7:15–20) Page: 226
c. Two claims (7:21–23) Page: 228
d. Two builders (7:24–27) Page: 230
8. Transitional conclusion: Jesus’ authority (7:28–29) Page: 231
III. THE KINGDOM EXTENDED UNDER JESUS’ AUTHORITY (8:1–11:1) Page: 233
A. Narrative (8:1–10:4) Page: 233
1. Healing miracles (8:1–17) Page: 234
a. A leper (8:1–4) Page: 234
b. The centurion’s servant (8:5–13) Page: 237
c. Peter’s mother-in-law (8:14–15) Page: 241
d. Many at evening (8:16–17) Page: 242
2. The cost of following Jesus (8:18–22) Page: 245
3. Calming a storm (8:23–27) Page: 252
4. Further demonstration of Jesus’ authority (8:28–9:8) Page: 255
a. Exorcising two men (8:28–34) Page: 255
b. Healing a paralytic and forgiving his sins (9:1–8) Page: 259
5. Calling Matthew (9:9) Page: 262
6. Eating with sinners (9:10–13) Page: 263
7. Fasting and the dawning of the messianic joy (9:14–17) Page: 265
8. A resurrection and more healings (9:18–34) Page: 268
a. Raising a girl and healing a woman (9:18–26) Page: 268
b. Healing two blind men (9:27–31) Page: 271
c. Exorcising a dumb man (9:32–34) Page: 273
9. Spreading the news of the kingdom (9:35–10:4) Page: 274
a. Praying for workers (9:35–38) Page: 274
b. Commissioning the Twelve (10:1–4) Page: 275
B. Second Discourse: Mission and Martyrdom (10:5–11:1) Page: 280
1. Setting (10:5a) Page: 283
2. The commission (10:5b–16) Page: 284
3. Warnings of future sufferings (10:17–25) Page: 288
a. The Spirit’s help (10:17–20) Page: 288
b. Endurance (10:21–23) Page: 290
c. Inspiration (10:24–25) Page: 293
4. Prohibition of fear (10:26–31) Page: 294
a. The emergence of truth (10:26–27) Page: 295
b. The nonfinality of death (10:28) Page: 295
c. Continuing providence (10:29–31) Page: 296
5. Characteristics of discipleship (10:32–39) Page: 296
a. Acknowledging Jesus (10:32–33) Page: 296
b. Recognizing the gospel (10:34–36) Page: 297
c. Preferring Jesus (10:37–39) Page: 298
6. Encouragement: response to the disciples and to Jesus (10:40–42) Page: 299
7. Transitional conclusion: expanding ministry (11:1) Page: 301
IV. TEACHING AND PREACHING THE GOSPEL OF THE KINGDOM: RISING OPPOSITION (11:2–13:53) Page: 302
A. Narrative (11:2–12:50) Page: 302
1. Jesus and John the Baptist (11:2–19) Page: 302
a. John’s question and Jesus’ response (11:2–6) Page: 302
b. Jesus’ testimony to John (11:7–19) Page: 305
(1) John in redemptive history (11:7–15) Page: 305
(2) The unsatisfied generation (11:16–19) Page: 312
2. The condemned and the accepted (11:20–30) Page: 315
a. The condemned: woes on unrepentant cities (11:20–24) Page: 315
b. The accepted (11:25–30) Page: 317
(1) Because of the revelation of the Father (11:25–26) Page: 317
(2) Because of the agency of the Son (11:27) Page: 319
(3) Because of the Son’s gentle invitation (11:28–30) Page: 321
3. Sabbath conflicts (12:1–14) Page: 322
a. Picking heads of grain (12:1–8) Page: 323
b. Healing a man with a shriveled hand (12:9–14) Page: 327
4. Jesus as the prophesied Servant (12:15–21) Page: 329
5. Confrontation with the Pharisees (12:22–37) Page: 332
a. The setting and accusation (12:22–24) Page: 332
b. Jesus’ reply (12:25–37) Page: 332
(1) The divided kingdom (12:25–28) Page: 333
(2) The strong man’s house (12:29) Page: 334
(3) Blasphemy against the Spirit (12:30–32) Page: 335
(4) Nature and fruit (12:33–37) Page: 337
c. Continued confrontation (12:38–42) Page: 339
(1) Request for a sign (12:38) Page: 339
(2) The sign of Jonah (12:39–42) Page: 339
d. The return of the evil spirit (12:43–45) Page: 342
6. Doing the Father’s will (12:46–50) Page: 344
B. Third Discourse: The Parables of the Kingdom (13:1–53) Page: 345
1. The setting (13:1–3a) Page: 346
2. To the crowds (13:3b–33) Page: 351
a. The parable of the soils (13:3b–9) Page: 351
b. Interlude (13:10–23) Page: 351
(1) On understanding parables (13:10–17) Page: 352
(2) Interpretation of the parable of the soils (13:18–23) Page: 358
c. The parable of the weeds (13:24–30) Page: 362
d. The parable of the mustard seed (13:31–32) Page: 364
e. The parable of the yeast (13:33) Page: 365
3. Pause (13:34–43) Page: 367
a. Parables as fulfillment of prophecy (13:34–35) Page: 367
b. Interpretation of the parable of the weeds (13:36–43) Page: 371
4. To the disciples (13:44–52) Page: 375
a. The parable of the hidden treasure (13:44) Page: 375
b. The parable of the expensive pearl (13:45–46) Page: 376
c. The parable of the net (13:47–48) Page: 377
d. Interlude (13:49–51) Page: 378
(1) Interpretation of the parable of the net (13:49–50) Page: 378
(2) On understanding parables (13:51) Page: 378
e. The parable of the teacher of the law (13:52) Page: 379
5. Transitional conclusion: movement toward further opposition (13:53) Page: 382
V. THE GLORY AND THE SHADOW: PROGRESSIVE POLARIZATION (13:54–19:2) Page: 382
A. Narrative (13:54–17:27) Page: 383
1. Rejected at Nazareth (13:54–58) Page: 383
2. Herod and Jesus (14:1–12) Page: 385
a. Herod’s understanding of Jesus (14:1–2) Page: 385
b. Background: Herod’s execution of John the Baptist (14:3–12) Page: 386
3. The feeding of the five thousand (14:13–21) Page: 388
4. The walk on the water (14:22–33) Page: 391
5. Transitional summary of constant and unavoidable ministry (14:34–36) Page: 395
6. Jesus and the tradition of the elders (15:1–20) Page: 396
7. More healings (15:21–31) Page: 402
a. The Canaanite woman (15:21–28) Page: 402
b. The many (15:29–31) Page: 406
8. The feeding of the four thousand (15:32–39) Page: 407
9. Another demand for a sign (16:1–4) Page: 409
10. The yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees (16:5–12) Page: 411
11. Peter’s confession of Jesus and its aftermath (16:13–23) Page: 414
a. The confession (16:13–20) Page: 414
b. The first passion prediction (16:21–23) Page: 427
12. The way of discipleship (16:24–28) Page: 430
13. The Transfiguration (17:1–13) Page: 434
a. Jesus transfigured (17:1–8) Page: 434
b. The place of Elijah (17:9–13) Page: 439
14. The healing of an epileptic boy (17:14–20 [21]) Page: 442
15. The second major passion prediction (17:22–23) Page: 444
16. The temple tax (17:24–27) Page: 445
B. Fourth Discourse: Life under Kingdom Authority (18:1–19:2) Page: 448
1. Setting (18:1–2) Page: 449
2. Humility and greatness (18:3–4) Page: 449
3. The heinousness of causing believers to sin (18:5–9) Page: 450
4. The parable of the lost sheep (18:10–14) Page: 453
5. Treatment of a sinning brother (18:15–20) Page: 455
6. Forgiveness (18:21–35) Page: 458
a. Repeated forgiveness (18:21–22) Page: 458
b. The parable of the unmerciful servant (18:23–35) Page: 459
7. Transitional conclusion: introduction to the Judean ministry (19:1–2) Page: 461
VI. OPPOSITION AND ESCHATOLOGY: THE TRIUMPH OF GRACE (19:3–26:5) Page: 464
A. Narrative (19:3–23:39) Page: 464
1. Marriage and divorce (19:3–12) Page: 464
2. Blessing little children (19:13–15) Page: 474
3. Wealth and the kingdom (19:16–30) Page: 476
a. The rich young man (19:16–22) Page: 476
b. Grace and reward in the kingdom (19:23–30) Page: 479
4. The parable of the workers (20:1–16) Page: 482
5. Third major passion prediction (20:17–19) Page: 485
6. Suffering and service (20:20–28) Page: 485
7. Healing two blind men (20:29–34) Page: 490
8. Opening events of Passion Week (21:1–23:39) Page: 492
a. The triumphal entry (21:1–11) Page: 492
b. Jesus at the temple (21:12–17) Page: 497
c. The fig tree (21:18–22) Page: 500
d. Controversies in the temple court (21:23–22:46) Page: 503
(1) The question of authority (21:23–27) Page: 504
(2) The parable of the two sons (21:28–32) Page: 505
(3) The parable of the tenants (21:33–46) Page: 508
(4) The parable of the wedding banquet (22:1–14) Page: 512
(5) Paying taxes to Caesar (22:15–22) Page: 516
(6) Marriage at the Resurrection (22:23–33) Page: 518
(7) The greatest commandments (22:34–40) Page: 521
(8) The son of David (22:41–46) Page: 524
e. Seven woes on the teachers of the law and the Pharisees (23:1–36) Page: 527
(1) Warning the crowds and the disciples (23:1–12) Page: 529
(2) The seven woes (23:13–32) Page: 535
(3) Conclusion (23:33–36) Page: 543
f. Lament over Jerusalem (23:37–39) Page: 545
B. Fifth Discourse: The Olivet Discourse (24:1–26:5) Page: 548
1. Setting (24:1–3) Page: 557
2. The birth pains (24:4–28) Page: 558
a. General description of the birth pains (24:4–14) Page: 559
b. The sharp pain: the fall of Jerusalem (24:15–21) Page: 561
c. Warnings against false messiahs during the birth pains (24:22–28) Page: 563
3. The coming of the Son of Man (24:29–31) Page: 566
4. The significance of the birth pains (24:32–35) Page: 568
5. The day and hour unknown: the need to be prepared (24:36–41) Page: 569
a. The principle (24:36) Page: 570
b. Analogy of the days of Noah (24:37–39) Page: 570
c. Two in the field; two with a mill (24:40–41) Page: 571
6. Parabolic teaching: variations on watchfulness (24:42–25:46) Page: 572
a. The homeowner and the thief (24:42–44) Page: 572
b. The two servants (24:45–51) Page: 572
c. The ten virgins (25:1–13) Page: 574
d. The talents (25:14–30) Page: 577
e. The sheep and the goats (25:31–46) Page: 581
7. Transitional conclusion: fourth major passion prediction and the plot against Jesus (26:1–5) Page: 587
VII. THE PASSION AND RESURRECTION OF JESUS (26:6–28:20) Page: 588
A. The Passion (26:6–27:66) Page: 589
1. Anointed at Bethany (26:6–13) Page: 589
2. Judas’s betrayal agreement (26:14–16) Page: 592
3. The Lord’s Supper (26:17–30) Page: 597
a. Preparations for the Passover (26:17–19) Page: 597
b. Prediction of the betrayal (26:20–25) Page: 598
c. The words of institution (26:26–30) Page: 599
4. Prediction of abandonment and denial (26:31–35) Page: 604
5. Gethsemane (26:36–46) Page: 607
6. The arrest (26:47–56) Page: 611
7. Jesus before the Sanhedrin (26:57–68) Page: 614
8. Peter’s denial of Jesus (26:69–75) Page: 623
9. Formal decision of the Sanhedrin (27:1–2) Page: 625
10. The death of Judas (27:3–10) Page: 627
11. Jesus before Pilate (27:11–26) Page: 634
12. The soldiers’ treatment of Jesus (27:27–31) Page: 639
13. The crucifixion and mocking (27:32–44) Page: 641
14. The death of Jesus (27:45–50) Page: 645
15. Immediate impact of the death (27:51–56) Page: 649
16. The burial of Jesus (27:57–61) Page: 652
17. The guard at the tomb (27:62–66) Page: 654
B. The Resurrection (28:1–15) Page: 655
1. The empty tomb (28:1–7) Page: 656
2. First encounter with the risen Christ (28:8–10) Page: 658
3. First fraudulent denials of Jesus’ resurrection (28:11–15) Page: 660
C. The Risen Messiah and His Disciples (28:16–20) Page: 661
1. Jesus in Galilee (28:16–17) Page: 662
2. The Great Commission (28:18–20) Page: 664