Markedness in Synchrony and Diachrony

425 Pages·1989·13.235 MB·English

by  Olga Miseska Tomic

Markedness in
Synchrony and Diachrony
Trends in Linguistics
Studies and Monographs 39
Editor
Werner Winter
Mouton de Gruyter
Berlin · New York
Markedness in Synchrony
and Diachrony
edited by
Olga Miseska Tomic
Mouton de Gruyter
Berlin · New York 1989
Mouton de Gryuter (formerly Mouton, The Hague)
is a Division of Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Markedness in synchrony and diachrony / edited by Olga
Miseska Tomic. p. ca. - (Trends in linguistics. Studies and
monographs : 39) Bibliography : p. Includes index.
ISBN 0-89925-504-3
1. Markedness (Linguistics) I. Tomic. Olga Miseska.
II. Series.
P299.M35M37 1988
415—dec!9
Deutsche Bibliothek Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Markedness in synchrony and diachrony / ed. by Olga
Miseska Tomic. - Berlin ; New York : Mouton de Gruyter,
1989
(Trends in linguistics : Studies and monographs ; 39)
ISBN 3-11-011780-0
NE: Tomic, Olga Miseska [Hrsg.]; Trends in linguistics /
Studies and monographs
Printed on acid free paper.
© Copyright 1989 by Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin. All rights reserved, including
those of translation into foreign languages. No part of this book may be reproduced in
any form - by photoprint, microfilm, or any other means - nor transmitted, nor
translated into a machine language without written permission from Mouton de
Gruyter, a Division of Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin.
Typesetting and Printing: Tutte-Druckerei, Salzweg-Passau. - Binding: Lüderitz &
Bauer, Berlin. - Printed in Germany.
Preface
The idea about the publication of this title originated at the 19th Annual
Meeting of Societas Linguistica Europaea, held in Ohrid, Yugoslavia from
August 31 to September 4,1986. Only a limited number of the contributions,
however, are (revised and extended) versions of papers presented at that
conference (whose main topic was "Markedness in synchrony and diachr-
ony"); a vast majority of the chapters has been specifically designed and
written for the present volume.
I have endeavoured to put together a book which is representative of
current European work on markedness, both with respect to substance and
approach. It is truly European in geographic representation, as well; the
authors come from nineteen linguistic centers in the East and West, North.and
South of "the Old Continent". Since twenty individuals from twelve countries
have been involved, the book has taken somewhat longer to prepare than
some of us counted it would; my apologies to the authors who kept their
deadlines for those who did not.
I wish to express deepest gratitude to Werner Winter for his continuous
support.
Olga Miseska Tomic

Table of Contents
Preface V
Contributors IX
Introduction
Olga Miseska Tomic 1
Markedness Theory - the First 150 Years
Henning Andersen 11
Defining Markedness
Jadranka Gvozdanovic 47
Markedness and Linguistic Change
Dieter Stein 67
Markedness, Sound Change and Linguistic Reconstruction
Thomas V. Gamkrelidze 87
Markedness and Naturalness
1. Thoughts about markedness and normalcy/naturalness
Werner Winter 103
2. Markedness and naturalness in phonology; the case
of natural phonology
Wolfgang U. Dressier Ill
Towards a Theory of Semantic Markedness
Ferenc Kiefer 121
Internationalisms: Marked or Unmarked
Vladimir Ivir 139
Markedness, Productivity and Naturalness in L2 Learner Lexis
Rüdiger Zimmermann 151
Markedness and Grammaticalization
Christian Lehmann 175
On the Assessment of the Markedness Status of the exponents
of a Grammatical Category
Olga Miseska Tomic 191
VIII Table of Contents
Markedness and the Category of Case in Polish
Roman Laskowski 207
Inflectional Class Markedness
Wolfgang Ullrich Wurzel 227
On the Distinction Marked/Unmarked and Primary/Secondary
in a Linguistic Description
Jarmila Panevovä 249
Markedness and the Grammar of INFL and Verb in English
Frits Beukema and Bob Rigter 265
The Marked-Unmarked Distinction in the Grammar of the
German Ergative Verb
Werner Abraham 291
Transitivity and Markedness: the Antipassive in
Accusative Languages
Gilbert Lazard 309
Markedness and Clause Structure
Martin Harris 333
On the Markedness of "Narrative Temporal Clauses"
Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen 359
Author Index 373
Language Index 377
Subject Index 379
Contributors
Professor Werner Abraham
Vakgroep Duitse Taalen Letterkunde
Fakulteit der Letteren
Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen
The Netherlands
Professor Henning Andersen
Department of Linguistics
State University of New York
Buffalo, NY
USA
Dr. Frits Beukema & Dr. Bob Rigter
Vakgroep Engels
Fakulteit der Letteren
Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden
The Netherlands
Dr. Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen
Institut für Anglistik
Universität Konstanz
Federal Republic of Germany
Professor Wolfgang U. Dressier
Institut für Sprachwissenschaft
Universität Wien
Austria
Professor Thomas V. Gamkrelidze
Institut Vostokovedenija imeni Cereteli
Akademija nauk GSSR, Tbilisi
USSR
Dr. Jadranka Gvozdanovic
Slavisch Seminarium
Universiteit van Amsterdam
The Netherlands
Professor Martin Harris
Vice-Chancellor
University of Essex
Wivenhoe Park
Colchester C04 3SQ
Essex
Great Britain
Professor Vladimir Ivir
Odsjek za anglistiku
Filozofski fakultet