Marine Tidal and Wave Energy Converters: Technologies, Conversions, Grid Interface, Fault Detection, and Fault-Tolerant Control

176 Pages·2020·33.848 MB·English

by  Mohamed Benbouzid (editor), Yassine Amirat (editor), Elhoussin Elbouchikhi (editor)

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Edited by
Mohamed Benbouzid, Yassine Amirat and Elhoussin Elbouchikhi
Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Energies
www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
Marine Tidal and Wave
Energy Converters

Marine Tidal and Wave
Energy Converters
Technologies, Conversions, Grid Interface,
Fault Detection, and Fault-Tolerant Control
SpecialIssueEditors
MohamedBenbouzid
YassineAmirat
ElhoussinElbouchikhi
MDPI•Basel•Beijing•Wuhan•Barcelona•Belgrade•Manchester•Tokyo•Cluj•Tianjin
SpecialIssueEditors
MohamedBenbouzid YassineAmirat ElhoussinElbouchikhi
UniversityofBrest ISENYncre´aOuest AISENYncre´aOuest
France France France
EditorialOffice
MDPI
St.Alban-Anlage66
4052Basel,Switzerland
This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal
Energies (ISSN 1996-1073) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/energies/specialissues/
MarineEnergyConverters).
Forcitationpurposes,citeeacharticleindependentlyasindicatedonthearticlepageonlineandas
indicatedbelow:
LastName,A.A.; LastName,B.B.; LastName,C.C.ArticleTitle. JournalNameYear,ArticleNumber,
PageRange.
ISBN978-3-03928-278-4(Pbk)
ISBN978-3-03928-279-1(PDF)
(cid:2)c 2020bytheauthors. ArticlesinthisbookareOpenAccessanddistributedundertheCreative
Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon
publishedarticles,aslongastheauthorandpublisherareproperlycredited,whichensuresmaximum
disseminationandawiderimpactofourpublications.
ThebookasawholeisdistributedbyMDPIunderthetermsandconditionsoftheCreativeCommons
licenseCCBY-NC-ND.
Contents
AbouttheSpecialIssueEditors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Preface to ”Marine Tidal and Wave Energy Converters: Technologies, Conversions, Grid
Interface,FaultDetection,andFault-TolerantControl”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
KhalilTouimi,MohamedBenbouzidandZheChen
OptimalDesignofaMultibridPermanentMagnetGeneratorforaTidalStreamTurbine
Reprintedfrom:Energies2020,13,487,doi:10.3390/en13020487 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
MiluZhang,TianzhenWang,TianhaoTang,ZhuoLiuandChristopheClaramunt
A Synchronous Sampling Based Harmonic Analysis Strategy for Marine Current Turbine
MonitoringSystemunderStrongInterferenceConditions
Reprintedfrom:Energies2019,12,2117,doi:10.3390/en12112117 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
StephanieOrdonez-Sanchez,MatthewAllmark,KatePorter,RobertEllis,CatherineLloyd,
IvanSantic,TimO’Doherty,CameronJohnstone
Analysis of a Horizontal-Axis Tidal Turbine Performance in the Presence of Regular and
IrregularWavesUsingTwoControlStrategies
Reprintedfrom:Energies2019,12,367,doi:10.3390/en12030367. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
JamesKelly,EndikaAldaiturriagaandPabloRuiz-Minguela
Applying International Power Quality Standards for Current Harmonic Distortion to Wave
EnergyConvertersandVerifiedDeviceEmulators
Reprintedfrom:Energies2019,12,3654,doi:10.3390/en12193654 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
MariosCharilaosSousounisandJonathanShek
Wave-to-Wire Power Maximization Control for All-Electric Wave Energy Converters with
Non-IdealPowerTake-Off
Reprintedfrom:Energies2019,12,2948,doi:10.3390/en12152948 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
BrendaRojas-Delgado,MonicaAlonso,HortensiaAmarisandJuandeSantiago
WavePowerOutputSmoothingthroughtheUseofaHigh-SpeedKineticBuffer
Reprintedfrom:Energies2019,12,2196,doi:10.3390/en12112196 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
MohdNasirAyob,ValeriaCastellucci,JohanAbrahamssonandRafaelWaters
ARemotelyControlledSeaLevelCompensationSystemforWaveEnergyConverters
Reprintedfrom:Energies2019,12,1946,doi:10.3390/en12101946 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Xu Wang and Yanxia Shen
Fault Tolerant Control of DFIG-Based Wind Energy Conversion System Using
Augmented Observer
Reprintedfrom:Energies2019,12,580,doi:10.3390/en12040580. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
v

About the Special Issue Editors
MohamedBenbouzidreceivedaB.Sc. degreeinelectricalengineeringfromtheUniversityof
Batna,Batna,Algeria,in1990,M.Sc. andPh.D.degreesinelectricalandcomputerengineeringfrom
the National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble, Grenoble, France, in 1991 and 1994, respectively,
andtheHabilitationa` DirigerdesRecherchesdegreefromtheUniversityofPicardie“JulesVerne,”
Amiens, France, in 2000. After receiving his Ph.D. degree, he joined the Professional Institute of
Amiens, University of Picardie “Jules Verne,” where he was an Associate Professor of Electrical
and Computer Engineering. Since September 2004, he has been with the University of Brest,
Brest, France, where he is a Full Professor of Electrical Engineering. Prof. Benbouzid is also a
Distinguished Professor and a 1000 Talent Expert at the Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai,
China. Hismainresearchinterestsandexperienceincludeanalysis,design,andcontrolofelectric
machines,variable-speeddrivesfortraction,propulsion,andrenewableenergyapplications,andthe
faultdiagnosisofelectricmachines. Prof. BenbouzidhasbeenelevatedasanIEEEFellowforhis
contributions to diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of electric machines and drives. He is also a
FellowoftheIET.HeistheEditor-in-ChiefoftheInternationalJournalonEnergyConversionand
the Applied Sciences (MDPI) Section on Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering.
HeisaSubjectEditorforIETRenewablePowerGeneration. HeisalsoanAssociateEditorofIEEE
TransactionsonEnergyConversion.
YassineAmiratreceivedB.Sc. andM.Sc. degreesinelectricalengineeringfromtheUniversity
ofAnnaba, Annaba, in1994and1997, respectively. HewasalectureratAnnabaUniversityfrom
2000to2010. HeobtainedaPh.D.degreeinwindturbineconditionmonitoringattheUniversity
ofBrest, Brest, Francein2011. HeiscurrentlyanAssociateProfessorofElectricalEngineeringat
ISEN Yncre´a Ouest, Brest, France. He is also an affiliated member of the Institut de Recherche
Dupuy de Loˆme (UMR CNRS 6027). His main research interests include electrical machine fault
detectionanddiagnosis,fault-tolerantcontrol,andsignalprocessingandstatisticsforpowersystems
monitoring. Heisalsointerestedinrenewableenergyapplications: windturbines,marinecurrent
turbines,andhybridgenerationsystems. Dr. AmiratisanIEEESeniorMember. HeisanAssociate
EditorofSpringer’sjournalElectricalEngineeringandMDPI’sJournalofMarineScienceandEngineering.
Elhoussin Elbouchikhi received a diploma engineer degree (Dipl.-Ing.) in automatic and
electricalengineeringandaresearchMaster’sdegreeinautomaticsystems, computerscienceand
decision from the National Polytechnic Institute of Toulouse (INPENSEEIHT), Toulouse, France,
in 2010, and a Ph.D degree in 2013 from the University of Brest, Brest, France. After receiving
his Ph.D. degree, he was a Post-Doctoral Researcher at ISEN Yncre´a Ouest, Brest, France and an
AssociateMemberoftheLBMSLaboratory(EA4325)fromOctober2013toSeptember2014. Since
September2014,hehasbeenanAssociateProfessoratISENYncre´aOuest,Brest,Franceandisan
affiliatedmemberoftheInstitutdeRechercheDupuydeLoˆme(UMRCNRS6027).Hismaincurrent
researchinterestsincludeelectricalmachinefaultdetectionanddiagnosis, fault-tolerantcontrolin
marinecurrentturbines,andsignalprocessingandstatisticsforpowersystemsmonitoring. Heis
also interested in energy management systems in microgrids and renewable energy applications
suchasmarinecurrentturbines,windturbines,andhybridgenerationsystems. Dr. Elbouchikhiis
anIEEESeniorMember.HeisaTopicEditorfortheMDPIjournalEnergies.
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Preface to ”Marine Tidal and Wave Energy Converters:
Technologies, Conversions, Grid Interface, Fault
Detection, and Fault-Tolerant Control”
The worldwide potential of electric power generation from marine tidal currents, waves,
or offshore winds is enormous. The high load factor resulting from the fluid properties and
the predictable resource characteristics make tidal and wave energy resources attractive and
advantageous for power generation and advantageous when compared to other renewable energies.
The technologies are just beginning to reach technical and economic viability to make them potential
commercial power sources in the near future. While only a few small projects currently exist,
the technology is advancing rapidly and has huge potential for generating bulk power. Moreover,
international treaties related to climate control and dwindling fossil fuel resources have encouraged
us to harness energy sustainably from such marine renewable sources. Several demonstrative projects
have been scheduled to capture tidal and wave energies. A number of these projects have now
reached a relatively mature stage and are close to completion. However, very little is known to the
academic world about these technologies beyond the basics of their energy conversion principles.
While research emphasis is more towards hydrodynamics and turbine design, very limited activities
are witnessed in power conversion interface, control, and power quality aspects. Regarding this
emerging and promising area of research, this book aims to present recent results, serving to promote
successful marine renewable energies integration to the grid or to standalone microgrids.
MohamedBenbouzid,YassineAmirat,ElhoussinElbouchikhi
SpecialIssueEditors
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