Management Principles of Sustainable Industrial Chemistry: Theories, Concepts and Industrial Examples for Achieving Sustainable Chemical Products and Processes from a Non-Technological Viewpoint

281 Pages·2013·1.99 MB·English

Editedby
GenserikL.L.Reniers,KennethSo¨rensen,
andKarlVrancken
ManagementPrinciples
ofSustainableIndustrialChemistry
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Softcover ISBN:978-3-527-32659-4
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Hardcover
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ISBN:978-3-527-32470-5 Hardcover
ISBN:978-3-527-31552-9
Edited by Genserik L.L. Reniers, Kenneth So¨rensen,
and Karl Vrancken
Management Principles of Sustainable
Industrial Chemistry
Theories, Concepts and Industrial Examples for Achieving
Sustainable Chemical Products and Processes
from a Non-Technological Viewpoint
TheEditors AllbookspublishedbyWiley-VCHare
carefullyproduced.Nevertheless,authors,
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Prof.GenserikL.L.Reniers
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V
Contents
Preface XIII
ListofContributors XV
PartI IntroductorySection 1
1 EditorialIntroduction 3
GenserikL.L.Reniers,KennethSo¨rensen,andKarlVrancken
1.1 FromIndustrialtoSustainableChemistry,aPolicyPerspective 4
1.2 ManagingIntraorganizationalSustainability 5
1.3 ManagingHorizontalInterorganizationalSustainability 5
1.4 ManagingVerticalInterorganizationalSustainability 6
1.5 SustainableChemistryinaSocietalContext 6
2 HistoryandDriversofSustainabilityintheChemicalIndustry 7
DicksenTanzilandDarleneSchuster
2.1 TheRiseofPublicPressure 7
2.1.1 TheEnvironmentalMovement 8
2.1.2 AProblemofPublicTrust 9
2.2 IndustryResponded 10
2.2.1 TheResponsibleCareProgram 10
2.2.2 TechnologyDevelopment 12
2.2.3 CorporateSustainabilityStrategies 14
2.3 AnEvolvingFramework 15
2.3.1 NewIssuesandRegulations 15
2.3.2 SustainabilityasanOpportunity 16
2.3.3 RecentIndustryTrends 16
2.4 Conclusions:theSustainabilityDrivers 18
References 18
VI Contents
3 FromIndustrialtoSustainableChemistry,aPolicyPerspective 21
KarlVranckenandFrankNevens
3.1 Introduction 21
3.2 IntegratedPollutionPreventionandControl 22
3.2.1 EnvironmentalPolicyforIndustrialEmissions 22
3.2.2 BestAvailableTechniquesandBREFs 23
3.2.3 IntegratedPollutionPreventionandControlintheChemical
Sector 24
3.3 FromIEDtoVoluntarySystems 25
3.4 SustainabilityChallengesforIndustry 26
3.4.1 Introduction 26
3.4.2 PolicyDriversforSustainableChemistry 27
3.4.3 TransitionConcept 28
3.5 Conclusion 30
References 31
4 SustainableIndustrialChemistryfromaNontechnological
Viewpoint 33
GenserikL.L.Reniers,KennethSo¨rensen,andKarlVrancken
4.1 Introduction 33
4.2 IntraorganizationalManagementforEnhancingSustainability 36
4.3 HorizontalInterorganizationalManagementforEnhancing
Sustainability 37
4.4 VerticalInterorganizationalManagementforEnhancing
Sustainability 38
4.5 SustainableChemistryinaSocietalContext 39
4.6 Conclusions 40
References 41
PartII ManagingIntra-OrganizationalSustainability 43
5 BuildingCorporateSocialResponsibility – DevelopingaSustainability
ManagementSystemFramework 45
StefanMaas,GenserikL.L.Reniers,andMarijkeDePrins
5.1 Introduction 45
5.2 DevelopmentofaCSRManagementSystemFramework 47
5.2.1 ManagementKnowledgeandCommitment(SoftFactor) 49
5.2.2 StakeholderKnowledgeandCommitment(SoftFactor) 49
5.2.3 StrategicPlanning – theChoiceofSustainableStrategicPillars
(HardFactor) 50
5.2.4 KnowledgeandCommitmentfromtheWorkforce(SoftFactor) 50
5.2.5 OperationalPlanning,Execution,andMonitoring(HardFactor) 51
5.3 Conclusions 52
References 52
Contents VII
6 SustainabilityAssessmentMethodsandTools 55
StevenDeMeester,GeertVanderVorst,HermanVanLangenhove,
andJoDewulf
6.1 Introduction 55
6.2 SustainabilityAssessmentFramework 56
6.3 ImpactIndicatorsandAssessmentMethodologies 59
6.3.1 EnvironmentalImpactAssessment 62
6.3.1.1 EmissionImpactIndicators 62
6.3.1.2 ResourceImpactIndicators 68
6.3.1.3 TechnologyIndicators 71
6.3.1.4 AssessmentMethodologies 72
6.3.2 EconomicImpactAssessment 75
6.3.2.1 EconomicImpactIndicators 76
6.3.2.2 AssessmentMethodologies 76
6.3.3 SocialImpactAssessment 77
6.3.3.1 SocialImpactIndicators 78
6.3.3.2 AssessmentMethodologies 79
6.3.4 MultidimensionalAssessment 79
6.3.5 Interpretation 81
6.4 Conclusions 81
References 82
7 IntegratedBusinessandSHESEManagementSystems 89
KathleenVanHeuverswynandGenserikL.L.Reniers
7.1 Introduction 89
7.2 RequirementsforIntegratingManagementSystems 90
7.3 IntegratingManagementSystems:ObstaclesandAdvantages 92
7.4 IntegratedRiskManagementModels 95
7.4.1 FERMARiskManagementStandard2003 95
7.4.2 Australian/NewZealandNormAS/NZS4360:2004 96
7.4.3 ISO31000:2009 97
7.4.4 TheCanadianIntegratedRiskManagementFramework
(IRMFramework) 98
7.5 CharacteristicsandAddedValueofanIntegratedModel;Integrated
ManagementinPractice 100
7.6 Conclusions 103
References 103
8 SupportingProcessDesignbyaSustainabilityKPIsMethodology 105
AlessandroTugnoli,ValerioCozzani,andFrancescoSantarelli
8.1 Introduction 105
8.2 QuantitativeAssessmentofSustainabilityKPIsinProcessDesign
Activities 107
8.3 IdentificationofRelevantKPIs:the‘‘TreeofImpacts’’ 111
8.4 CriteriaforNormalizationandAggregationoftheKPIs 121
VIII Contents
8.5 CustomizationandSensitivityAnalysisinEarlyKPIAssessment 123
8.6 Conclusions 128
References 128
PartIII ManagingHorizontalInterorganizational
Sustainability 131
9 IndustrialSymbiosisandtheChemicalIndustry:betweenExploration
andExploitation 133
FrankBoons
9.1 Introduction 133
9.2 UnderstandingIndustrialSymbiosis 134
9.2.1 IndustrialSymbiosisLeadstoDecreasedEcologicalImpact 135
9.2.2 IndustrialSymbiosisRequiresaHighlyDevelopedSocial
Network 136
9.2.3 TheRegionalClusterIsthePreferredBoundaryforOptimizing
EcologicalImpact 136
9.3 Resourcefulness 137
9.4 PuttingResourcefulnesstotheTest 138
9.4.1 PetrochemicalClusterintheRotterdamHarborArea 138
9.4.2 Terneuzen 139
9.4.3 Moerdijk 141
9.5 Conclusions 142
References 144
10 ClusterManagementforImprovingSafetyandSecurityinChemical
IndustrialAreas 147
GenserikL.L.Reniers
10.1 Introduction 147
10.2 ClusterManagement 148
10.3 Cross-OrganizationalLearningonSafetyandSecurity 150
10.3.1 KnowledgeTransfer 150
10.3.2 OvercomingConfidentialityHurdles:theMulti-PlantCouncil
(MPC) 151
10.3.3 AClusterManagementModelforSafetyandSecurity 152
10.4 Discussion 157
10.5 Conclusions 158
References 159
PartIV ManagingVerticalInter-OrganizationalSustainability 161
11 SustainableChemicalLogistics 163
KennethSo¨rensenandChristineVanovermeire
11.1 Introduction 163
11.2 SustainabilityofLogisticsandTransportation 165
Contents IX
11.3 ImprovingSustainabilityofLogisticsintheChemicalSector 166
11.3.1 Optimization 167
11.3.2 CoordinatedSupplyChainManagement 170
11.3.3 HorizontalCollaboration 171
11.3.4 Multimodal,IntermodalandCo-ModalTransportation 174
11.4 Conclusions 178
References 179
12 ImplementingService-BasedChemicalSupplyRelationship – Chemical
®
Leasing – PotentialinEU 181
BartP.A.VanderVelpenandMarianneJ.J.Hoppenbrouwers
12.1 Introduction 181
12.2 BasicPrinciplesofChemicalLeasing(ChL) 182
12.3 DifferencesbetweenChemicalLeasingandOtherAlternative
BusinessModelsforChemicals 186
12.3.1 ClassicalLeasing 186
12.3.2 ChemicalManagementServices 186
12.3.3 Outsourcing 187
12.4 PracticalImplicationsofChemicalLeasing 187
12.4.1 StrengthsandOpportunitiesfortheSupplier 189
12.4.2 StrengthsandOpportunitiesfortheCustomer 190
12.5 Economic,Technical,andJuridicalAspectsofChemicalLeasing 191
12.5.1 AnExample 191
12.5.2 BarrierstotheModel 191
12.5.3 AnalysisoftheLegalRequirementsImpactingChemicalLeasing
Projects 193
12.5.3.1 TheImportanceofContracts 193
12.5.3.2 CompetitionLawandChemicalLeasing 194
12.5.3.3 REACHandChemicalLeasing 195
12.5.3.4 LegalAspects,aBottleneck? 196
12.6 ConclusionsandRecommendations 197
References 198
13 SustainableChemicalWarehousing 199
KennethSo¨rensen,GerritK.Janssens,MohamedLasgaa,
andFrankWitlox
13.1 Introduction 199
13.2 RiskManagementintheChemicalWarehouse 200
13.2.1 HazardIdentification 200
13.2.2 QuantifyingRisk:ProbabilitiesandConsequences 205
13.2.3 MitigationStrategies 209
13.2.3.1 MinimizeRisk 209
13.2.3.2 TransferRisk 211
13.2.3.3 AcceptRisk 213
X Contents
13.2.4 ControlandDocumentation 213
13.3 Conclusions 214
References 214
PartV SustainableChemistryinaSocietalContext 215
14 ATransitionPerspectiveonSustainableChemistry:theNeedforSmart
Governance? 217
DerkA.Loorbach
14.1 Introduction 217
14.2 ATransitionsPerspectiveonChemicalIndustry 219
14.3 ATaleofTwoPathways 223
14.4 CriticalIssuesintheTransitionManagementtoSustainable
Chemistry 225
14.5 GovernanceStrategiesforaTransitiontoaSustainable
Chemistry 227
14.6 ConclusionsandReflections 230
References 231
15 TheFlemishChemicalIndustryTransitiontowardSustainability:
the‘‘FISCH’’Experience 233
LucVanGinnekenandFransDieryck
15.1 Introduction 233
15.1.1 SocietalChemistry 233
15.1.2 TheBelgianandFlemishChemicalandLifeSciencesIndustryina
GlobalContext 233
15.1.3 TheChallengeofSustainableDevelopmentfortheChemicalIndustry
inFlanders 234
15.2 TransitionoftheChemicalIndustryinFlanders:the‘‘FISCH’’
Initiative 236
15.2.1 SettingtheScene:the‘‘FISCH’’FeasibilityStudy 236
15.2.2 OutcomeoftheStudy – GoalsandOverallSetupof‘‘FISCH’’ 237
15.2.2.1 Vision,Mission,andSetupofFISCH 237
15.2.2.2 FISCHinaFlemishandEuropeanContext 241
15.2.2.3 AddedValueof‘‘FISCH’’andSpilloverEffects 242
15.2.3 PuttingItAllintoPractice:Implementing‘‘FISCH’’ 243
15.3 ConcludingRemarksandLessonsLearned 244
Acknowledgments 245
References 245