Management on Complicated Ocular Trauma

227 Pages·2021·12.961 MB·English

by  Hua Yan

Ocular Trauma
Series Editor: Hua Yan
Hua Yan   Editor
Management
on Complicated
Ocular Trauma
Ocular Trauma
Series Editor
Hua Yan
Department of Ophthalmology
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
Tianjin, China
Ocular trauma can be a serious threat to vision, especially if not medically
intervened appropriately and in a timely fashion. Immediate and accurate diagnosis
and effective treatment is the key to save the eyes and visual function, as well as a
great challenge to ophthalmologists, especially emergency doctors. This book series
is designed to help the doctors and clinical practitioners have a thorough
understanding of ophthalmic emergencies and a mastery of every details of ocular
trauma. To do the best, it is required that the ER doctors have solid theoretical
knowledge about the anatomy of the eye and basic skills in ophthalmic operations.
For that reason, “Anatomy and examination of ocular trauma” is believed to be
necessary and fundamental for this book series. Beyond this, familiarity with the
emergency room and efficient protocol will be helpful for the doctors to give
treatment in the first time, and it will also be an important part of this book series.
Almost all the aspects and details of ocular trauma will be covered in this book
series, including mechanical and non-mechanical ocular trauma. Special topics of
complicated situations, such as ciliary body impairment, will also be introduced in
this book series. Hopefully the readers will enjoy it and find it helpful for them to
provide better care to the patients and save vision.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15621
Hua Yan
Editor
Management on
Complicated Ocular
Trauma
Editor
Hua Yan
Department of Ophthalmology
Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
Tianjin, China
ISSN 2523-3157 ISSN 2523-3165 (electronic)
Ocular Trauma
ISBN 978-981-16-5339-1 ISBN 978-981-16-5340-7 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5340-7
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Foreword
Although ocular trauma has been reported as the third most important cause
of vision loss worldwide, it is the leading cause of monocular blindness, espe-
cially in the young group. Trauma occurrence shows high unpredictability,
and ocular trauma represents a huge challenge for the treating ophthalmolo-
gist due to the severity of many of the injuries. Because of the extreme varia-
tions in how medical service is organized (infrastructure of the facility,
training experience, equipment-availability, etc.), it is critical to unify and
refine the criteria for ocular trauma treatment and enhance the emergency
education of all ophthalmologists. The series of the books put forward a
series of novel concepts, mechanisms, and technique about ocular trauma on
the examinations, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.
Professor Hua Yan is the Chairman of the Department of Ophthalmology,
and President of Tianjin Medical University, Member of the Medical
Commission of the Association of National Olympic Committee, Vice
President of the Asian Pacific Ophthalmic Trauma Society, and President of
the Chinese Ocular Trauma Society. He has been contributing to the field of
ocular traumatology for decades. In the past several years, he was invited by
Springer to serve as the chief editor for a series of books on ocular trauma,
collaborating with world-famous ophthalmologists. The titles include
Anatomy and Examination of Ocular Trauma, Ocular Emergency, Mechanical
Ocular Trauma, Atlas of Ocular Trauma, Sports-related eye injuries, and
Management on Complicated Ocular Trauma. The edition on ocular emer-
gencies won in 2019 the most outstanding book published by Springer, and
the one on Sports-related eye injuries is the world’s first professional work on
the subject.
These high-quality books are well organized, providing comprehensive
basic knowledge along with vivid clinical cases using high-definition photo-
graphs. These cases illustrate both those cases where consensus on ocular
trauma management exists and where controversies persist. The series of the
books put forward a series of novel concepts, mechanisms, and techniques
about ocular trauma on the examination, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilita-
tion. Since personal wellness has attracted increasing attention from the gen-
eral public in recent years, people participate in a variety of fitness activities
and sports sometimes close to the realm of professional athletes, the risk of
sustaining (eye) injuries has also increased. This calls for an adequate
response from the medical community in terms of assessment and treatment.
The book on Sports-related eye injuries is, therefore, timely not only for the
sports enthusiasts to increase their awareness of injury prevention, but also
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vi Foreword
for ophthalmologists who treat patients with sports-related eye injuries. To
improve the results in the treatment of these patients, the book named
Management on complicated ocular trauma is in the process of being
published.
This series of books on ocular traumatology is the first such book series in
the world. This book series will be an invaluable resource for physicians in
general and surgeons in particular to help them provide the best possible care
to their patients and save the vision of every eye where salvage is possible, as
well as advance the field of ocular traumatology worldwide.
October 7, 2021 Ferenc Kuhn
President, International Society of
Ocular Trauma (ISOT)
Birmingham, AL, USA
Helen Keller Foundation for
Research and Education
Birmingham, AL, USA
Department of Ophthalmology
University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
Department of Ophthalmology
University of Halle, Halle, Germany
Foreword
It is my pleasure to write about your series of books written by you on
Anatomy and Examination in Ocular Trauma, Ocular Emergency, Mechanical
Ocular Trauma, Atlas of Ocular Trauma, Sports-related eye injuries, and
Management on Complicated Ocular Trauma.
Ocular trauma (OT) is an important preventable cause of blindness and
visual impairment over the world, with an incidence of estimated over 50 mil-
lion annually, nearly one third of which could result in severe vision loss even
blindness. As far as we know, ocular trauma occurs in combat, explosion,
sports, working, traffic accident, home, fireworks, and other kinds of accident
commonly due to the specific position of the eyes in our body. Although the
whole society pays high attention to ocular trauma with tons of investigations
and research devoted, prevention and treatment of ocular trauma are varied in
different areas where doctors lack comprehensive training. Meanwhile, there
is a short of frontier reference books published recently, hitherto, a series of
books on ocular trauma could improve the global medical service of ocular
trauma to a large extent.
Professor Hua Yan is the President of the Tianjin Medical University,
Chairman of the Department of Ophthalmology at Tianjin Medical University
General Hospital, Professor of Tianjin Medical University, Member of the
Medical Commission of the Association of National Olympic Committee,
Vice President of the Asia Pacific Ophthalmic Trauma Society, President of
the China Ocular Trauma Society, and Executive Committeeman of the
Chinese Ophthalmological Society. Yan has published over 200 book chap-
ters, journal papers, and conference papers. His contributions have been vital
to the development of ophthalmology, especially the ocular trauma, for
decades. Professor Yan is capable of taking on the exciting challenge of invit-
ing a group of world-renowned experts on ocular trauma to work on this
important series of books about ocular trauma step by step, including Anatomy
and Examination of Ocular trauma, Ocular Emergence, Mechanical Ocular
Trauma, Atlas of Ocular trauma, Sport-related Eye Injury and Management
on Complicated Ocular Trauma, which is the first and unique series of books
for ocular trauma worldwide.
The series of the books give comprehensive introduction about ocular
trauma systematically. The book named “Anatomy and Examination of
Ocular Trauma” introduces anatomy, examinations, and symptoms of ocular
trauma and presents an anatomy-based and practical book about ocular
trauma. The book named “Ocular Emergence” provides symptom-based
summarization of diseases in ocular emergency and facilitates the readers to
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make the most appropriate decision on urgent ocular cases. The book named
“Mechanical Ocular Trauma” addresses hot topics in mechanical ocular
trauma and presents a balanced mix of consensus and controversies with
advice about how to make appropriate decisions on the management. The
book named “Atlas of Ocular Trauma” presents hundreds of comprehensive
pictures of all types of ocular trauma to illustrate signs and examination of
ocular trauma and explains the key points of treatment and surgical proce-
dures. The book named “Sport-related Eye Injury” provides essential know-
how and standard procedures for the management of sports-related eye
injuries and discusses various sports-related eye injuries in detail on a symp-
tom-based review. The book named “Management on Complicated Ocular
Trauma” introduces the clinically unmanageable complicated ocular trauma
with typical cases including signs, examinations, surgical procedures, and
conservative management by experienced experts. The series of the books on
ocular trauma illustrate a series of innovative concepts, mechanisms, and
techniques on ocular trauma related ocular structure, examination, diagnosis,
and treatment.
Professor Yan has accomplished the high qualified series of book on ocular
trauma, which is the first and unique series on this topic. The books will be
huge wealth for medical students and clinicians to help them give best care to
the patients suffered from ocular trauma and rescue their vision at the most
extent. Professor Yan’ work contributes to the management and training on
ocular trauma significantly.
October 7, 2021 S. Natarajan
Aditya Jyot Eye Hospital, Wadala
Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Aditya Jyot Foundation For Twinkling Little Eyes
(Not For Profit NGO)
Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Preface
It is of great honor for me to rise to the challenge of inviting a group of
experts to compile the comprehensive book on complicated ocular injury
with great threaten to the vision of people at working age. Prior to this book,
we have issued a series book on ocular trauma, which received high quality
of appraisal over the world. However, there are various complicated ocular
trauma being significant concerned associated with high morbidity and dis-
ability around the world, which attracts the ophthalmologists’ attention in the
clinic due to difficult management. Treatments to those injuries are hard,
complicated, long-term, and costly. Hence, this book is aimed at illustrating
the common complicated ocular trauma with typical signs, examinations, sur-
gical procedures, and conservative management to clinical practitioners
including the nurses, medical students, residents, fellows, and ophthalmolo-
gists, and helps them make the most appropriate decision on the diagnosis
and management of such patients.
The overall organization of the book has been divided into 23 chapters
encompassing the Complicated Corneal and Scleral Rupture, Traumatic
Cyclodialysis, Traumatic Aniridia, Traumatic Dislocation of Lens, Intraocular
hemorrhage, Open Globe Injury with Choroidal and Retinal Detachment,
Choroidal and Retinal Detachment combined with Cyclodialysis in Open
Globe Injury, Repairment of Traumatic Choroidal Tear, Complicated Ocular
Trauma with Corneal Opacity, Traumatic Giant Macular Hole, Posterior
Polar Ocular Perforating Injury, Giant Intraocular Foreign Body, Orbital
Foreign Body, Traumatic Glaucoma, Traumatic Endophthalmitis, Permanent
Silicon Oil Tamponade, Traumatic Optic Neuropathy, Severe Orbital Fracture,
Traumatic Globe Luxation, Complicated Blepharal Trauma, Severe Ocular
Chemical Injury, Ocular Laser Burns, Pediatric Ocular Trauma. This book
consists of all types of complicated ocular trauma with brief case reports
combined with the most comprehensive pictures. For each disease, a brief
introduction, explanation as well as management are offered to the readers.
With the illustrative figures and explanations, the goal of making the right
diagnosis, offering the best advice or treatment to the patients, and under-
standing surgical procedures would be easily achieved. Hopefully, this book
may help the readers to be fully prepared for the challenge of complicated
ocular traumatic cases.
Tianjin, China Hua Yan, MD, PhD
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